中药质量标准研究方法与思路

综述近年来医药界工作者对中药质量控制方面的新进展与新思路 ,为中药药材、制剂、生产和临床研究提供文献基础     

针刺对于脑梗死恢复期头痛及吞咽障碍的干预及治疗作用

脑梗死具有高死亡率、高残障率和高复发率的特点,且发病有年轻化趋势。脑梗死恢复期头痛及吞咽障碍对患者的日常生活能力造成严重影响,导致患者的生命质量下降,给人们经济带来沉重的负担。现通过检索各大中英文数据库,对筛选出的临床试验文献进行深入剖析,并针对目前针刺治疗存在的问题提出发展性的建议,为今后针刺治疗脑梗死恢复期的临床诊疗方法以及作用机制研究提供科学依据和崭新思路。     

抗过敏实验方法及过敏反应动物模型研究进展

根据Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型变态反应的发生机理,将１９５６￣１９９９年的国内外抗过敏实验方法及过敏反应动物模型研究的进展进行综述。随着现代免疫学及其他相关学科的发展,抗过敏实验方法及过敏反应动物模型也在不断增加完善,并力求揭示药物的作理。本文可为筛选抗过敏药物及研究过敏动物模型提供较为全面的参考。     

五味子成分TLC分析条件综述

对五味子甲素、五味子乙素及其药材进行了薄层分析条件综述，为五味子及其成分的分析鉴别提供参考。     

针刺治疗脑梗死作用机理的研究进展

通过综述近年来针刺治疗脑梗死在临床观察及实验研究对脑梗死损害的保护和修复作用,以及在脑血液动力学、生化与免疫学等方面的变化,来探讨针刺治疗脑梗死作用机理的问题.     

Changes in the National Endovascular Management of Femoropopliteal Arterial Disease: An Analysis of the 2011–2019 Medicare Data

PurposeTo describe national trends in the utilization of endovascular approaches (including balloon angioplasty, atherectomy, and stent placement) for the management of femoropopliteal peripheral arterial disease (PAD).Materials and MethodsThe Medicare Physician/Supplier Procedure Summary dataset containing 100% of Part B claims was interrogated for years 2011–2019. The Current Procedural Terminology codes specific for femoropopliteal angioplasty, stent placement, and atherectomy were used to create summary statistics for utilization by year, place of service (hospital inpatient, hospital outpatient, and office-based laboratory), and provider specialty (cardiology, radiology, and surgery).ResultsThe use of atherectomy increased from 34,732 (33%) procedures in 2011 to 75,435 (53%) procedures in 2019, and atherectomy became the dominant treatment strategy for femoropopliteal PAD. The relative utilization of stent placement (36,793 [35%] to 28,899 [20%]) and angioplasty only (34,398 [32%] to 38,228 [27%]) decreased concomitantly from 2011 to 2019. By 2019, the use of atherectomy was twofold higher in office-based laboratories than in the outpatient hospital setting (44,767 and 20,901, respectively). Treatment strategy varied by provider specialty in 2011 when cardiologists used atherectomy most frequently (17,925 [43%]), whereas radiologists used angioplasty alone (5,928 [6%]) and surgeons stented (18,009 [37%]) most frequently. By 2019, all specialties utilized atherectomy most frequently (29,564 [59%] for cardiology, 10,912 [58%] radiology, and 33,649 [47%] surgery).ConclusionsThe national approach to endovascular management of femoropopliteal PAD has changed since 2011 toward an implant-free strategy, including a multifold increase in the use of atherectomy. Discordant rates of atherectomy use between the ambulatory hospital and office-based settings highlight the need for comparative effectiveness studies to guide management.     

人类子宫肌瘤保宫治疗进展

子宫肌瘤是女性生殖器官最常见的良性肿瘤，现代妇女对保宫治疗需求不断增强，本文对近几年来子宫肌瘤治疗的进展进行综述。     

丹参对激素性股骨头坏死的疗效及作用机制的研究概述

通过对相关文献归纳总结,从中西医两个方面论述激素性股骨头坏死的机制,介绍丹参的药理学研究,分析其对激素性股骨头坏死(Steroid-induced Avasulat Necrosis of the Fcromal Head)的疗效及作用机制,即疏通微循环、改善血液性能、发挥类雌激素作用等。总结丹参与其他疗法耦合对股骨头坏死的效果。     

糖尿病周围神经病变的中医药治疗概况

糖尿病周围神经病变（diabetic peripheral neuropathy，DPN）是糖尿病慢性并发症之一，中医药以其多样化的治疗方法、辨证施治的治疗理念在该病的临床治疗中发挥独特优势，本文就近年来中医药治疗该病相关文献整理，对其常用中医药治疗方法进行综述。     

Global burden attributable to high sodium intake from 1990 to 2019

Background and aimsHigh sodium intake is associated with a higher risk of a wide range of diseases. We aimed to estimate the pattern and trend of the global disease burden associated with high sodium intake from 1990 to 2019.Methods and resultsWe obtained numbers and rates of death and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) attributable to high sodium intake by sex, socio-demographic index, and country from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We calculated the estimated annual percentage change to evaluate the age-standardized rate (ASR) of the burden attributable to high sodium intake between 1990 and 2019. We further calculated the contribution of population growth, population aging, and age-specific rates of death and DALY to the net change in the total number of deaths and DALYs attributable to high sodium intake. From 1990 to 2019, global age-standardized rates of death and DALY attributable to high sodium intake substantially decreased for both sexes. However, there were significant increases in the total numbers of deaths and DALYs attributable to high sodium intake, which were driven by population growth and population aging. The attribution of population growth and population aging varied widely across countries, with a higher contribution of population growth in most developing countries and a higher contribution of population aging in countries with slow population growth.ConclusionsAlthough the global burden attributable to high sodium intake in terms of age-standardized rate declined from 1990 to 2019, the absolute burden increased significantly, which was driven by population growth and population aging.