妊娠期疾病类型与甲状腺功能异常相关性分析

目的研究妊娠期疾病类型与甲状腺功能异常相关性。方法回顾性分析2015年1月-2017年1月期间在天津港口医院治疗的107例孕妇,根据妊娠期是否患病分为A组、B组与对照组。A组为22例确诊为妊娠期糖尿病的患者;B组为36例确诊为妊娠期高血压疾病的患者;对照组为49例妊娠期血糖与血压正常、无其他疾病的孕妇。所有研究对象妊娠期定期抽取静脉血检测甲状腺功能、血压及血糖水平。采用妊娠期高血压疾病诊断标准、妊娠期糖尿病诊断标准以及妊娠期甲状腺疾病诊断标准联合评价。结果此研究发现糖尿病组与对照组在孕中期游离T4值、A组与对照组在孕晚期、B组与对照组在孕中期和孕晚期的促甲状腺激素(TSH)值对比,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);3组孕妇不同妊娠时期临床甲状腺功能亢进、减退的发病情况各组别数据对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组、B组与对照组在孕中期与孕晚期亚临床甲状腺功能减退发病情况数据对比,A组、B组与对照组在不同妊娠时期低T4血症发病情况数据对比,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);孕早期仅甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)阳性与甲状腺正常数据对比,B组发生率高于对照组、A组发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论与正常孕妇相比,妊娠期高血压疾病与妊娠期糖尿病患者在不同妊娠期的游离T4水平更低、TSH水平更高,且随着妊娠期的增长,变化趋势不断增大;妊娠期疾病类型与甲状腺功能异常存在着联系,妊娠期高血压疾病和糖尿病患者甲状腺功能异常发病率明显更高。     

肺炎衣原体感染与哮喘急性发作的相关性研究

目的探讨肺炎衣原体(CP)感染与哮喘急性发作相关性,以期提高临床诊治水平。方法选取2011年3月-2013年3月47例哮喘急性发作患者为哮喘急性发作组,另外选取同时期哮喘缓解期患者45例为哮喘缓解组和43名健康体检人员作为对照组,运用微量免疫荧光法测定血清CP特异性抗体IgA、IgM和IgG,观察3组在感染相关指标的变化。结果哮喘急性发作组和哮喘缓解组的CP-IgA、CP-IgG、CP-IgM阳性率相近,健康对照组与以上两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),3组CP-IgA、CP-IgG、CP-IgM滴度两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);CP感染率哮喘急性发作组66.0%、哮喘缓解组68.9%、健康对照组仅为9.3%,哮喘急性发作组以急性感染为主,而哮喘缓解组患者中则有51.1%以慢性感染为主。结论急性CP感染是哮喘急性发作重要诱因,而慢性CP感染是支气管哮喘急性发作期和缓解期重要影响因素,参与了支气管哮喘发病机制和病理过程。     

护理工作差错与工作满意度、职业倦怠的关系——基于部分三甲医院的实证研究

目的:统计三甲医院护理人员的护理工作差错发生情况,分析其与护理工作满意度、职业倦怠的关系。方法:2017年2月—8月采用整群随机抽样方法,选择4所三甲医院中符合标准的护理人员320名。采用一般资料调查问卷、护理工作差错调查问卷、工作满意度调查问卷、职业倦怠调查问卷对护理人员的工作情况进行调查分析,探讨护理工作差错与工作满意度及职业倦怠的相关性。结果:65.61%的护理人员承认在过去1年工作中发生护理差错。护理工作差错发生与工作满意度及职业倦怠呈相关性,护理人员个人的成就感、去人格化以及超负荷工作、工作不被认可、管理缺失、责任不明、福利待遇低等原因容易导致护理工作差错的发生。结论:基于工作满意度与职业倦怠对护理人员工作差错的影响,应通过制度优化,提高护理人员满意度,缓解职业倦怠,从而降低护理差错发生率。     

The clinical relevance of microbiology specimens in head and neck space infections of odontogenic origin

It is common surgical practice to take a specimen for microbial culture and sensitivity when incising and draining infections of odontogenic origin in the head and neck. We aimed to find out if routine testing has any therapeutic value. We retrospectively studied 90 patients (57 male and 33 female) admitted to Northampton General Hospital for treatment of odontogenic infections, and reviewed admission details, antimicrobial treatment, microbiological findings and their sensitivity or resistance, and complications. Specimens were sent from 72 (80%) patients of which 61 (85%) were infected. The most commonly isolated organism was Streptococcus viridans. Interim reports were published after a mean of 3 days (range 1-4), and 94% of patients were discharged within a mean of 2 days (range 0-9) postoperatively. Almost 95% of patients were discharged before results were available, and there were no reported complications. We therefore suggest that microbial culture has little therapeutic value in the management of these patients. With culture and sensitivity tests costing £25 - £30, omission of this practice in the case of uncomplicated (single tissue space) odontogenic infections could save resources in the National Health Service without affecting the care of patients.     

血清炎性反应、凝血功能及血气指标在AECOPD患者预后评估中的价值

目的 探讨分析血清炎性反应、凝血功能及血气指标在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期（acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD）患者预后评估中的价值。方法 选取2019年12月至2021年12月湖州市第一人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科收治的AECOPD患者892例,根据入院后28d内的存活情况分为存活组（n=705）和死亡组（n=187）,比较两组患者的血清炎性反应指标[降钙素原（procalcitonin,PCT）、C反应蛋白（C reactive protein,CRP）、白细胞（white blood cell,WBC）计数]、凝血功能（D–二聚体、血浆黏度、血浆纤维蛋白）、血气指标[动脉血氧分压（partial pressure of arterial oxygen,PaO2）、动脉血二氧化碳分压（partial pressure of carbon dioxide,PaCO2）、pH值]的差异,分析这些指标在患者预后评估中的价值。结果 比较两组患者的PCT、CRP、WBC、D–二聚体、血浆黏度、血浆纤维蛋白、PaO2、PaCO2、pH值等指标,死亡组的PCT、CRP、WBC、D–二聚体、血浆黏度、血浆纤维蛋白、PaCO2明显高于存活组,而死亡组的PaO2和pH值明显低于存活组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。血清炎性反应（PCT、CRP、WBC）、凝血功能（D–二聚体、血浆黏度、血浆纤维蛋白）及血气（PaO2、PaCO2、pH值）指标对AECOPD预后均具有较好的评估价值,曲线下面积（area under the curve,AUC）分别为0.806、0.744、0.720、0.831、0.676、0.822、0.867、0.863、0.632,其中PaO2预测AECOPD预后的价值最高（AUC=0.867,P<0.001）。结论 血清炎性反应、凝血功能及血气指标对AECOPD患者的预后具有较好的评估作用,加强对血清炎性反应、凝血功能及血气指标的检测,对临床医生及早采取防治措施具有重要意义。     

New evidence for structural integration across the cartilage-vertebral endplate junction and its relation to herniation

BACKGROUND CONTEXT

The cartilaginous and bony material that can be present in herniated tissue suggests that failure can involve both cartilaginous and vertebral-endplates. How structural integration is achieved across the junction between these two distinct tissue regions via its fibril and mineral components is clearly relevant to the modes of endplate failure that occur.

主动服务与减少医患纠纷的相关性研究

目的了解2010年1月-2012年1月两年来开展主动服务与减少医患纠纷的相关性研究。为防范医疗纠纷,构建和谐医患关系提供有价值的参考依据。方法采取分层整群随机抽样调查的方法,对1627人进行问卷调查、电话回访等方式收集信息。结果开展主动服务以来,病人的满意度明显提高,达到99.12%;医疗纠纷发生显著减少,发生率为0.24%,显著低于国家统计数字。结论主动服务能提高医患互信,有利于构建和谐医患关系,能减少医患纠纷的发生,降低医患纠纷的发生率,有力于患者康复,有力于社会稳定;有利于树立医疗行业的行业形象。     

“ToxRTool”, a new tool to assess the reliability of toxicological data

Evaluation of the reliability of toxicological data is of key importance for regulatory decision-making. In particular, the new EU Regulations concerning the registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction of chemicals (REACH) and classification, labelling and packaging (CLP) according to the new globally harmonised system (GHS) rely on the integration of all available toxicological information. The so-called Klimisch categories, although well established and widely used, lack detailed criteria for assigning data quality to categories. A software-based tool (ToxRTool) was developed within the context of a project funded by the European Commission to provide comprehensive criteria and guidance for reliability evaluations of toxicological data. It is applicable to various types of experimental data, endpoints and studies (study reports, peer-reviewed publications) and leads to the assignment to Klimisch categories 1, 2 or 3. The tool aims to increase transparency and to harmonise approaches of reliability assessment. The tool consists of two parts, one to evaluate in vivo and one to evaluate in vitro data. The prototypes of the tool were tested in two independent inter-rater experiments. This approach allowed the analysis of the performance of the tool in practice and the identification and minimisation of sources of heterogeneity in evaluation results. The final version, ToxRTool, is publicly available for testing and use.     

气温和相对湿度与太原市麻疹发病的相关性分析

[目的]探讨太原市气候变化对麻疹流行的影响。[方法]采用Spearman相关性分析和Poisson回归模型分析太原市1994～2006年每月麻疹发病数与月平均温度、相对湿度的相关性。[结果]Spearman相关性分析结果,麻疹发病数与前1个月、前2个月的平均气温呈中度正相关（r=0．37、0．55,P〈0．01）,与当月的平均相对湿度呈中度负相关（r=0．42,P〈0．01）;Poisson回归分析得出较一致结论,表明,麻疹发病数与前2个月的平均气温呈正相关（β=0．93,P=0.01）,与当月的平均相对湿度呈负相关（β=1.95,P=0.01）。[结论]当月的相对湿度和前2个月的平均气温对麻疹发病具有明显的影响。     

EGF receptor activation by GPCRs: An universal pathway reveals different versions

About one decade ago has been demonstrated that G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are able to utilize the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) as signalling intermediate. Thereby GPCRs are enabled to regulate cell growth, differentiation, and migration. A molecular mechanism for this process has been proposed that involves the activation of a distinct set of metalloproteases and the subsequent generation and release of particular members of the EGF peptide family which in turn activate the EGFR in an autocrine/paracrine manner. This model that allows GPCRs direct access to the signalling network of the EGFR family has emerged as a valid concept in a variety of cell types including cancer cells.