老年人新型冠状病毒肺炎防治要点(试行)

新型冠状病毒人群普遍易感,有基础疾病的老年人更易感染,且老年患者重症率及病死率更高。免疫衰老是导致老年人容易出现危重新型冠状病毒肺炎的重要原因。老年人因合并基础疾病,可能导致临床表现、辅助检查及肺部影像学不典型,应特别注意。对老年患者进行诊治时需综合考虑全身状况。老年患者的治疗除一般治疗、氧疗、抗病毒治疗、呼吸支持等外,还应注意基础疾病的诊治、营养支持、排痰、预防并发症以及心理支持治疗。我们在文献回顾和专家研讨基础上,编写了《老年人新型冠状病毒肺炎防治要点》,以期有益于老年人新型冠状病毒肺炎的防治,减少新型冠状病毒对老年人群的危害。     

基于生物信息学分析miR-30a及相关炎症指标在脓毒症中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨miR-30a及相关炎症指标在脓毒症中的表达并分析其临床意义.方法:运用GEO数据库检索筛选基因芯片并分析miR-30a表达情况,采用miRecords网站数据库的预测软件预测其靶基因,并对其进行KEGG通路富集分析.收集2019年1月至2021年1月江苏大学附属医院收治的脓毒症患者64例,根据病情轻重分为脓...     

刘寄奴化学成分研究

目的 研究刘寄奴Artemisia anomala的化学成分.方法 采用溶剂法和多种柱色谱法进行分离纯化,并经波谱分析鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从刘寄奴95％乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯部位分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为(4aS,7S,7aR)-7-羟基-7-甲基-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-六氢环戊二烯[c]吡喃-4-羧酸甲酯(1)、rehmaglutin D(2)、(E)-6-羟基-2,6-二甲基辛-2,7-二烯酸(3)、金圣草酚(4)、木犀草素(5)、芹菜素(6)、对羟基苯丙烯酸(7).结论 其中化合物1为新的环烯醚萜,命名为刘寄奴醚萜;化合物2为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物3、4和7为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

HIV自我检测的应用现状

HIV自我检测(自检)是扩大HIV防治重点人群检测覆盖面的一大重要措施和策略,具有巨大的应用价值,并在重点人群中有很高的接受性。WHO于2016年发布了《HIV自检和性伴通知指南》,支持在HIV检测服务中实施HIV自检,并为各国建立相应公共卫生政策提供具体指导,以改善HIV诊断的可及性和利用程度。在此策略的推动下,HIV自检已在许多国家和地区得到应用并取得了巨大的防治成效。为进一步推动HIV自检,提高重点人群的检测率,本文综述了目前国内外自检政策、干预模式、自检方法、自检试剂的准确性和自检前后的咨询服务方面的应用,旨在为进一步推动我国HIV自检工作提供参考依据。     

Chronic stress exacerbates neuronal loss associated with secondary neurodegeneration and suppresses microglial-like cells following focal motor cortex ischemia in the mouse

Post-stroke patients describe suffering from persistent and unremitting levels of distress. Using an experimental model of focal cortical ischemia in adult male C57BL/6 mice, we examined whether exposure to chronic stress could modify the development of secondary thalamic neurodegeneration (STND), which is commonly reported to be associated with impaired functional recovery. We were particularly focused on the modulatory role of microglia-like cells, as several clinical studies have linked microglial activation to the development of STND. One month following the induction of cortical ischemia we identified that numbers of microglial-like cells, as well as putative markers of microglial structural reorganization (Iba-1), complement processing (CD11b), phagocytosis (CD68), and antigen presentation (MHC-II) were all significantly elevated in response to occlusion. We further identified that these changes co-occurred with a decrease in the numbers of mature neurons within the thalamus. Occluded animals that were also exposed to chronic stress exhibited significantly lower levels of Iba-1 positive cells and a reduced expression of Iba-1 and CD11b compared to the ‘occlusion-alone’ group. Interestingly, the dampened expression of microglial/monocyte markers observed in stressed animals was associated with significant additional loss of neurons. These findings indicate that the process of STND can be negatively modified, potentially in a microglial dependent manner, by exposure to chronic stress.     

刘寄奴化学成分研究

目的 研究刘寄奴Artemisia anomala的化学成分。方法 采用溶剂法和多种柱色谱法进行分离纯化,并经波谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从刘寄奴95%乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯部位分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为 (4aS, 7S, 7aR)-7-羟基-7-甲基-1, 4a, 5, 6, 7, 7a-六氢环戊二烯 [c] 吡喃-4-羧酸甲酯（1）、rehmaglutin D（2）、(E)-6-羟基-2, 6-二甲基辛-2, 7-二烯酸（3）、金圣草酚（4）、木犀草素（5）、芹菜素（6）、对羟基苯丙烯酸（7）。结论 其中化合物1为新的环烯醚萜,命名为刘寄奴醚萜;化合物2为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物3、4和7为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

团体心理干预对缓解城市空巢老人焦虑情绪的观察

目的观察团体心理干预对城市空巢老人焦虑情绪和幸福感的影响。方法将乌鲁木齐市雪莲小区102名60岁空巢老人随机分为2组,A组为团体心理干预组,B组为对照组,每组51例。对A组老人进行电话咨询和团体心理干预,B组仅进行电话咨询,共观察20周。比较2组干预前后汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和总体幸福感量表得分,评估2组间焦虑情绪和幸福感的变化。结果 20周后,A组老年人HAMA评分明显下降,与B组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。同时,A组幸福感评分明显升高,2组比较亦有统计学差异(P0.05或P0.01)。结论团体心理干预能帮助城市空巢老人缓解焦虑情绪,提升幸福感。     

Identification and verification of aging-related lncRNAs for prognosis prediction and immune microenvironment in patients with head and neck squamous carcinoma

Aging is highly associated with tumor formation and progression. However, little research has explored the association of aging-related lncRNAs (ARLs) with the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). RNA sequences and clinicopathological data of HNSCC patients and normal subjects were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas. In the training group, we used Pearson correlation, univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage/selection operator regression analyses, and multivariate Cox regression to build a prognostic model. In the test group, we evaluated the model. Multivariate Cox regression was done to screen out independent prognostic factors, with which we constructed a nomogram. Afterward, we demonstrated the predictive value of the risk scores based on the model and the nomogram using time-dependent receiver operating characteristics. Gene set enrichment analysis, immune correlation analysis, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration were also performed to reveal the different landscapes of TIME between risk groups and to predict immuno- and chemo-therapeutic responses. The most important LINC00861 in the model was examined in HNE1, CNE1, and CNE2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines and transfected into the cell lines CNE1 and CNE2 using the LINC00861-pcDNA3.1 construct plasmid. In addition, CCK-8, Edu, and SA-β-gal staining assays were conducted to test the biofunction of LINC00861 in the CNE1 and CNE2 cells. The signature based on nine ARLs has a good predictive value in survival time, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, and sensitivity to multiple drugs. LINC00861 expression in CNE2 was significantly lower than in the HNE1 and CNE1 cells, and LINC00861 overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferation and increased the senescence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. This work built and verified a new prognostic model for HNSCC based on ARLs and mapped the immune landscape in HNSCC. LINC00861 is a protective factor for the development of HNSCC.