对构建德智体美劳全面发展的新医科人才体系的思考

通过分析"新医科"发展趋势以及目前我国医疗供给侧改革的内在需求与人的全面发展之间的紧密联系,提出立德树人、以智启人、以体育人、以美成人、以劳塑人是"新医科"对医学人才培养的主要途径。在此要求之下,医学高等院校应适应全民健康的目标和社会保健服务的需求,坚持本科教育服务地方经济社会的理念,加强大健康教育与全面素质教育,着力培养符合社会需要的、全面发展的新医科人才。     

基于子宫内膜异位症与恶性肿瘤的相关性探析补肾化瘀法作用机制及中医理论依据

子宫内膜异位症其异位内膜组织虽然在形态学上呈良性表现，却具有类似恶性肿瘤的生物学特性。中医学一般认为，“正虚伏邪”为恶性肿瘤的病机特点；那么，肾虚血瘀既属于“正虚伏邪”的范畴，又体现了EMs发病学和疾病发生、发展过程中的主要特点。在“病证相应”的中医治则之下，补肾化瘀法的临床疗效主要表现为：缓解痛经症状、提高受孕率，以及调整月经周期。本文基于EMs与恶性肿瘤的相关性，通过分析补肾化瘀法治疗EMs的理论依据及其抑制异位内膜侵袭的调控机制，主要包括解除免疫抑制、阻断局部微血管新生等，旨在阐明其疗效显著的原因，为临床推广提供可靠的基础研究证据。     

远志地上部分正丁醇部位化学成分研究

目的 研究远志Polygala tenuifolia Wild.地上部分的化学成分。方法 远志地上部分70%乙醇提取物的正丁醇萃取部位采用硅胶、中压十八烷基键合硅胶（ODS）色谱柱和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和核磁共振波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从远志地上部分70%乙醇提取物的正丁醇萃取部位中分离得到13个化合物,分别为顺式丁香苷（1）、长春花苷Ⅱ（2）、2-苯乙醇-β-D-葡萄糖苷（3）、吐叶醇（4）、4-C-[β-D-呋喃芹菜糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]-1,3,6-三羟基-7-甲氧基氧杂蒽酮苷（5）、蚱蜢酮（6）、3-羟基-1-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)丙烷-1-酮（7）、polygalatenoside A（8）、刺槐林素（9）、3′,5′-二甲氧基双苯基-4-醇（10）、拟茎点霉内酯A（11）、莽吉柿酮D（12）和玫红穗状霉胺A（13）。结论 化合物2、4、6、7、9~13均为首次从远志科植物中分离得到。     

黄芪和蜜炙黄芪中糖类组分和非糖类组分的差异性研究

目的 比较研究黄芪蜜炙后多糖、单糖、寡糖及非糖类小分子成分的整体变化。方法 结合糖组学和代谢组学,运用超高效液相-二极管阵列检测器(ultra high performance liquid-photodiode array detector,UPLC-PDA)、高效液相-蒸发光散射检测器(ultra high performance liquid-evaporative light scattering detector,HPLC-ELSD)、高效凝胶渗透色谱-蒸发光散射检测器(high performance gel permeation chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector,HPGPC-ELSD)和超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbit-trap high resolution mass spectrometr,UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap...     

桔梗叶绿体比较基因组学分析及系统发育研究

目的 以桔梗Platycodon grandiflorus为材料,分析其叶绿体基因组特征,探究不同地区桔梗叶绿体基因组的差异及桔梗科其他物种的系统发育关系。方法 利用Illumina NovaSeq测序平台对桔梗叶绿体全基因组进行测序,完成其组装、注释和特征分析,采用生物信息学方法对不同地区桔梗进行比较基因组分析和系统发育分析。结果 桔梗叶绿体基因组全长172 770 bp,呈现典型的环状四分体结构,总GC含量为38.10%,注释到139个基因,其中蛋白质编码基因95个,核糖体RNA 8个和转运RNA 36个。经序列分析鉴定出139个SSR位点,大部分重复由A和T组成。该叶绿体基因组密码子偏好性A/U大于G/C。边界分析表明,不同地区桔梗的JLA边界区域存在差异。对比不同地区桔梗叶绿体基因组序列发现21个变异区间,包括ycf1、psbC、rps18和rpoB等编码区以及rpl32-trnL、trnS-psbZ和trnN-ycf1等非编码区。基于最大似然法（maximum likelihood method,ML）对桔梗及其他17种桔梗科植物进行系统发育分析,发现桔梗科物种形成一个单系群,各属物种聚为一束,支持率达100%。结论 桔梗科物种聚为一支与传统相符合,不同地区桔梗叶绿体基因组序列存在显著差异,为后期开展分子鉴定及群体遗传学研究提供提供科学依据。     

“四个回归”对医学本科教育的启示

回归常识、回归本分、回归初心、回归梦想，这“四个回归”是对高等教育发展基本规律和基本逻辑的通俗表达，对医学本科教育具有十分重要的启示。医学生通过读“国情书”“群众书”、专业经典、人文经典等强化责任意识、培育新时代的家国情怀、掌握扎实的专业功底以及内化高尚的精神追求。高等医学院校老师要做到“德高”“学高”“艺高”，以高尚的师德与医德熏陶医学生，以深厚的专业素养培育医学生，以高超的教学艺术成就医学生。高等医学院校通过思想政治素质、医学专业素质、医学人文精神教育培养“精诚”兼备，又红又专的医疗卫生事业接班人。医学高等教育应该适应全民健康的目标和社会保健服务的需求，提高医学本科教育质量。坚持本科教育服务地方经济社会的理念，加强大健康教育与创业教育，着力培养适应社会需要的新时代医学应用型人才。     

DIP-microhaplotypes: new markers for detection of unbalanced DNA mixtures

International Journal of Legal Medicine - The identification of a suspect in a degraded and unbalanced DNA mixture has been a challenge for the standard short tandem repeat polymorphisms (STR)...     

Synthesis,characterization, and catalytic application of hierarchical nano-ZSM-5 zeolite

Hierarchical nano-ZSM-5 zeolites (Z5-X) with different grain sizes were synthesized by varying amounts of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-560) in the hydrothermal synthesis strategy. Moreover, the conventional ZSM-5zeolite(Z5), which was prepared without KH-560, was used as the reference sample. The crystalline phases, morphologies, porous characteristics, Si/Al molar ratios and acidic properties of all fresh catalysts were characterized using the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N₂ adsorption–desorption, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP) and temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (NH₃-TPD) techniques. Results show that the grain size and strong acid amount of zeolite decreased with the increasing amount of KH-560. The micropore surface areas and the corresponding volume of Z5-X changed less compared with Z5. Consequently, the high shape-selectivity of zeolite was preserved well under the addition of KH-560. However, the mesopore surface areas and the corresponding volume increased significantly with the increasing amount of KH-560. Benefiting from the abundant hierarchical structure, the Z5-X catalysts exhibited a larger coke capacity than the Z5 catalyst. The coke depositions of all the deactivated catalysts were characterized by the thermogravimetric technique (TG), and the results are indicative of the decreased average rate of coke deposition with an increasing amount of KH-560, which could result from the gradually reduced strong acid amount and the nano-sized crystallites. The catalytic performance of methanol-to-aromatics (MTA) indicates that the Z5-0.12 catalyst exhibited higher catalytic activity and selectivity of BTX as the reaction was prolonged, which could result from the synergistic effect among the proper strong acid amount, the smaller zeolite grain size, and the abundant hierarchical structure.

The crystal size and strong acid amounts of ZSM-5 decrease and the mesopores increase with increasing of KH-560. High MTA catalytic performance could be obtained under synergistic effect of proper strong acid amount, smaller crystal size and abundant hierarchical structure.     

An aptasensor for the label-free detection of thrombin based on turn-on fluorescent DNA-templated Cu/Ag nanoclusters

A highly sensitive thrombin aptasensor was constructed based on the alteration of the aptamer conformation induced by the target recognition and the turn-on fluorescence due to the proximity of two darkish DNA-templated copper/silver nanoclusters (DNA-Cu/Ag NCs). Two DNA templates were designed as the functional structures consisting of the Cu/Ag NC-nucleation segment located at two termini or one terminus and the aptamer segment in the middle of a DNA template. Two darkish DNA-Cu/Ag NCs came close to each other when the aptamer combined with the target due to the conformational alteration of the aptamer structure, resulting in an increased fluorescence signal readout. Thrombin was sensitively determined as low as 1.6 nM in the range of 1.6–8.0 nM with a high selectivity. Finally, this sensor succeeded in detecting thrombin in a real fetal bovine serum.

A highly sensitive thrombin aptasensor was constructed based on the alteration of the aptamer conformation induced by the target recognition and the turn-on fluorescence due to the proximity of two darkish DNA-templated copper/silver nanoclusters (DNA-Cu/Ag NCs).