关胆囊结石的CT定量诊断

目的 评价第三代CT定量诊断胆囊结石的准确率及敏感性.方法 120例胆囊结石的病人在使用第三代CT检查后7天内施行胆囊切除手术,术后剖开胆囊,进行结石计数和最大结石的最大径线测量.结果 120例胆囊结石患者,其中87例有确切结石计数和测量结果（72.5%）;33例CT检查未发现胆囊结石（27.5%）.CT图像中显示的胆囊结石的数目：均数±标准差＝3±15个;范围为2～82个与手术发现的数目：均数±标准差＝68±316个;范围为2～1326个,两者比较具有显著性差异（P＜0.001）.CT图像发现的胆囊内最大结石的最大径线值：均数±标准差＝1.08±1.06cm,范围为0～2.4cm;与手术测量值均数±标准=1.68±0.14cm范围为0.67～3.1cm,两者比较有显著性差异（P＜0.001）.结论 用第三代CT进行胆囊结石的定量诊断不够准确,敏感性也有不足.     

几种谷物,鱼肉及贝肉中DNA含量测定

核酸是遗传的物质基础。近年来的某些研究表明，外源核酸在促进和改善大脑，骨髓，肠粘膜及血细胞等组织器官的代及功能活动上具有重要作用。本文采用经典的紫外分光光度法对几种谷物和几种鱼肉及贝肉中的ＤＮＡ含量进行了测定，为外源核酸的材料选择提供了参考。     

药品数量管理与医保系统的关系

原因信息系统与医保系统实现有效接口,促进了药品的数量管理和医生工作站的推广,降低了错误处方的发生率,使医院服务更加顺畅。     

The effects of feeding an Asian or Western diet on sperm numbers, sperm quality and serum hormone levels in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) injected with testosterone enanthate (TE) plus depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA)

The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of an Asian diet compared to a Western diet on sperm numbers and quality, and serum hormones in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) injected with testosterone enanthate (TE) plus depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). Thirty male monkeys were divided into three groups of ten animals each. The first group (control) was fed with standard diet 'monkey chow' (9% fat, 13% protein, 78% carbohydrate); the second group was fed an 'asian' diet (15% fat, 15% protein, 70% carbohydrate); the third group was fed a 'Western' diet (35% fat, 25% protein, 40% carbohydrate). These diets were administered from the beginning (adaptation) until the experiment was terminated. Three months after the adaptation period, all groups were injected with 20 mg TE (once per week) and 25 mg DMPA (once every 6 weeks) for 18 weeks, while TE injections were continued for another 6 weeks. There were no differences in sperm numbers and quality, or in hormone levels between the first and second groups. In both of these groups azoospermia was achieved in 100% of animals, while in the third group only 70% achieved azoospermia. In all 3 groups, spermatozoa were once again detectable by week 33. However, by the end of the study at week 39, sperm numbers in the first and second groups reached only severe oligozoospermia (two animals remained azoospermic in the first group) while in the third group, numbers had returned to normozoospermia. The quality of spermatozoa during and after the treatment in the third group was better than in the first and second groups. Hormone concentrations decreased more rapidly in both the first and second groups, compared to the third group, while the recovery period was slower in the first and second groups, compared to the third group. It is concluded that different formula diets result in differential decreases in sperm numbers and quality, and in hormone concentrations in M. fascicularis injected with TE in combination with DMPA. Animals fed with either monkey chow or an Asian diet exhibited more severe and prolonged decreases in these parameters than did animals fed with a Western diet.     

医院工作质量的灰色综合评判

目的介绍改进的灰色综合评判法，并用该法评判医院工作质量，为提高医院的管理、服务水平提供科学依据。方法选用9项指标和不同的权重，利用灰色综合评判法对医院工作质量进行综合评价。结果综合评判出了医院不同年度的医疗质量水平，找出了差异及原因。结论应用灰色综合评判法评判医院工作质量，原理简单，计算简捷，结果客观可靠。     

球花石斛茎中香豆素类成分的定位与相对定量

目的探讨不同生长年限、不同部位球花石斛 (Dendrobium thyrsiflorum Rchb. f.)茎中香豆素类(coumarins)成分的分布与相对含量变化，为合理评价及利用药用石斛提供科学依据。方法利用激光共聚焦显微技术(laser scanning confocal microscopy, LSCM)观察二月份采收的球花石斛1-3龄茎的基部、中部和顶部的香豆素类成分。所记录数据经正态性、方差齐性检验后进行方差分析(ANOVA)，并使用Tukey′s检验作多重比较。结果 香豆素类成分主要分布在球花石斛茎的维管束部位并以维管束外侧纤维的壁较多。统计分析显示香豆素类成分的含量在不同年龄茎的各个部位之间差异极显著或显著，显著值分别为：基部P=0.004(<0.01)；中部P=0.009(<0.01)；顶部P=0.036(<0.05)。结论若以利用香豆素类成分为目的，建议二月采收时，宜选择2龄茎。     

利咽润喉含片的制备与质量控制

目的：对利咽润喉含片的制备工艺和质量标准进行研究。方法：采用水提、喷雾干燥法制备利咽润喉含片;采用化学方法对游离羟基蒽醌、薄层色谱法对大黄素和熊果酸分别进行定性鉴别;采用HPLC法对虎杖中大黄素进行定量分析,色谱柱为Hedera ODS-2 C18（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,流动相为甲醇-水（78∶22）,流速为1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长为254 nm。结果：制备工艺简便可行;薄层色谱斑点清晰,专属性强;大黄素进样量在0.204-2.04μg范围内线性关系良好（r=1.0000）,平均回收率为99.61%,RSD%为0.78%。结论：所建立的定性定量方法简便、准确、重复性好,可作为利咽润喉含片的质量控制方法。     

浅析承淡安先生对针灸量学的探索

作为一种物理刺激疗法,针灸刺激量与疗效之间存在着一定的对应关系。我国传统针灸理论对针灸刺激量方法的把握,多局限于定性认识,定量阐述不足。承淡安先生承前启后,对如何有效量化针灸刺激量进行了探索。本文从疏简针刺取穴数量、规范毫针规格材质、明确把握针刺强度、关注针刺间隔时间,以及强调灸疗需有适宜刺激量并因人而异、规范灸疗刺激量化标准等方面,阐述了承淡安的针灸量学观点。     

六月青皂苷抗鸭乙型肝炎病毒及保护肝细胞的研究

目的:观察六月青皂苷(the saponins of Liuyueqing,TLYQ)抗鸭乙型肝炎病毒(duck hepatitis Bvirus,DHBV)与保护肝细胞的作用。方法:将DHBV-DNA阳性麻鸭随机分为TLYQ高、中、低剂量治疗组、拉米夫定组和模型组,分别给予相应药物进行干预。用药前、后7 d,14 d及停药后7 d,取静脉血,检测DH-BV-DNA拷贝量和ALT/AST变化情况。结果:TLYQ大剂量组给药后d 7,d 14即能明显抑制DHBV-DNA,停药后仍有一定的抑制作用。中、低剂量组与模型组比较,有一定的病毒抑制作用。在用药后d 14,停药后d 7,ALT/AST较模型组明显下降,有显著性差异。结论:TLYQ具有有效抑制DHBV-DNA和保护肝细胞的作用。     

基于UPLC特征图谱和Q-Marker量值传递评价经典名方半夏白术天麻汤颗粒剂的关键生产工艺

目的基于特征图谱相关性和质量标志物(quality markers,Q-Marker)转移率评价半夏白术天麻汤(Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction,BBTD)颗粒剂的生产环节,明确关键控制点。方法采用Acclaim^TM RSLC Lot Validation-120 C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.2μm)进行分离,流动相为乙腈-水溶液,梯度洗脱,体积流量0.3 mL/min,检测波长235 nm,柱温30℃。以BBTD基准样品为参比,建立3批中试样品的UPLC指纹图谱,并进行相似度评价,分析Q-Marker在各生产环节的损失,评价生产工艺的合理性。结果与BBTD基准样品相比,提取液、浓缩液、干膏粉、颗粒剂中均存在对应特征峰,以10种指标性成分及其总量表征的3批BBTD中试样品关键质量属性与其基准样品基本保持一致。结论基于特征图谱和Q-Marker在各环节之间的量值传递,为经典名方BBTD制备工艺评价和质量控制提供了的理论依据。