旋光法测定地塞米松磷酸钠注射液的含量

本文用旋光法测定地塞米松磷酸钠注射液含量，平均回收率为１００．０８％，ＲＳＤ为０．３６％。     

旋光法测定盐酸地尔硫缓释片的含量

以甲醇、无水乙醇为混合溶剂，用旋光法测定盐酸地尔硫缓释片含量的方法。回收率为１００．０％，ＲＳＤ为０．４％。可使盐酸地尔硫溶解迅速完全。     

原发性开角型青光眼患者GDx Ecc、HRTⅡ测量参数间相关性的研究

目的 观察原发性开角型青光眼患者(POAG)GDx Ecc与HRTⅡ测量参数间的关系,并与单纯GDx Ecc检查异常者进行比较,探讨联合HRT Ⅱ提高GDx Ecc检查准确性的可能性.设计 病例对照研究.研究对象 原发性开角型青光眼患者32例(49眼),15例其他检查正常仅GDx Ecc检查异常者.方法 对所有患者进行视野、眼压、眼底立体照相、GDx Ecc与HRT Ⅱ检查.采用线性回归对GDx Ecc与HRTⅡ的参量参数进行分析.采用配对x2检验对GDx Ecc、HRTⅡ出现异常的部位是否存在对应关系进行分析.主要指标 GDx Ecc测量的视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度与HRT测量的视盘形态参数.结果 (1)HRTⅡ与GDx Ecc的测量参数间在POAG患者中存在相关性,以盘沿面积与神经纤维指数(NFI)值相关性最高(r=-0.68,P=0.000).两者在上方及下方象限也存在相关性,下方象限的相关性强于上方象限,颞侧与鼻侧象限的相关性偏低.两者出现异常的部位在空间上也存在对应关系(P=0.38).(2)单纯GDx Ecc检查异常者HRTⅡ与GDx Ecc参数问也存在相关桂,以盘沿面积与NFI值相关性最高(r=-0.79,P=0.001).但与POAG患者不同,两者出现异常的部位在空问上不存在对应关系(P=0.000).结论 POAG患者GDx Ecc与HRT Ⅱ出现异常的部位在空间上存在对应关系,而这种关系在单纯GDx Ecc检查异常者中并不存在,利用这种关系联合HRT Ⅱ进行诊断可提高GDx Ecc检查的准确性.     

Relation between size of optic disc and thickness of retinal nerve fibre layer in normal subjects

AIMS—To evaluate the relation between the optic disc size and the thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) in normal Japanese subjects by means of scanning laser polarimetry.
METHODS—Scanning laser polarimetry was performed in 60 normal subjects. One eye of each subject was randomly selected for study. Using a scanning laser polarimeter, the integral of RNFL thickness was measured totally and regionally within a circular band located 1.75 disc diameters from the centre of the optic disc. The correlation between the optic disc size and the integral of RNFL thickness was examined.
RESULTS—The optic disc size showed a significant correlation with the integral of RNFL thickness (R = 0.497, p <0.001). A significant negative correlation was observed between the optic disc size and the ratio of inferior integral to total integral of RNFL thickness (R = −0.274, p = 0.034).
CONCLUSIONS—The cross sectional area occupied by the RNF, measured by scanning laser polarimetry increased significantly with an increase in optic disc size while the ratio of inferior to total cross sectional area decreased significantly. These facts should be considered when one evaluates the RNFL thickness in patients with progressive optic neuropathies such as glaucoma.

Keywords: scanning laser polarimeter; normal subjects; optic disc; retinal nerve fibre layer     

Effect of cataract surgery on retinal nerve fiber layer thickness parameters using scanning laser polarimetry (GDxVCC)

Purpose:

To study the effect of cataract extraction on the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and assessment by scanning laser polarimetry (SLP), with variable corneal compensation (GDx VCC), at the glaucoma service of a tertiary care center in North India.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-two eyes of 32 subjects were enrolled in the study. The subjects underwent RNFL analysis by SLP (GDx VCC) before undergoing phacoemulsification cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (Acrysof SA 60 AT) four weeks following cataract surgery. The RNFL thickness parameters evaluated both before and after surgery included temporal, superior, nasal, inferior, temporal (TSNIT) average, superior average, inferior average, and nerve fiber index (NFI).

Results:

The mean age of subjects was 57.6 ± 11.7 years (18 males, 14 females). Mean TSNIT average thickness (μm) pre- and post-cataract surgery was 49.2 ± 14.1 and 56.5 ± 7.6 (P = 0.001). There was a statistically significant increase in RNFL thickness parameters (TSNIT average, superior average, and inferior average) and decrease in NFI post-cataract surgery as compared to the baseline values. Mean NFI pre- and post-cataract surgery was 41.3 ± 15.3 and 21.6 ± 11.8 (P = 0.001).

Conclusions:

Measurement of RNFL thickness parameters by scanning laser polarimetry is significantly altered following cataract surgery. Post the cataract surgery, a new baseline needs to be established for assessing the longitudinal follow-up of a glaucoma patient. The presence of cataract may lead to an underestimation of the RNFL thickness, and this should be taken into account when analyzing progression in a glaucoma patient.     

Relationship between the retinal thickness analyzer and the GDx VCC scanning laser polarimeter, Stratus OCT optical coherence tomograph, and Heidelberg retina tomograph II confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy

PURPOSE: To assess the relationship between the retinal thickness analyzer (RTA) parameters, and those of the GDx VCC scanning laser polarimeter (GDx VCC), Stratus OCT optical coherence tomography (Stratus OCT), and Heidelberg retinal tomograph II confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (HRT II). METHODS: Twenty-nine primary open-angle glaucoma patients were retrospectively included in this study. Measurements were obtained using the RTA, GDx VCC, Stratus OCT, and HRT II. We calculated the correlation coefficients between the parameters of RTA and those of the other studies. RESULTS: Among the optic disc parameters of RTA, the cup volume was best correlated with Stratus OCT (R=0.780, p<0.001) and HRT II (R=0.896, p<0.001). Among the posterior pole retinal thickness parameters, the posterior pole abnormally thin area (PPAT) of the RTA and the inferior average of the GDx VCC were best correlated (R=-0.596, p=0.001). The PPAT of the RTA and the inferior maximum of the Stratus OCT were best correlated (R=-0.489, p=0.006). The perifoveal minimum thickness (PFMT) of the RTA and the cup shape measurement of the HRT II were best correlated (R=-0.565, p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Many RTA optic disc parameters were significantly correlated with those of the Stratus OCT and HRT II. The RTA posterior pole retinal thickness parameters were significantly correlated with those of the GDx VCC, Stratus OCT and HRT II. The RTA optic disc and posterior pole retinal thickness parameters may be valuable in the diagnosis of glaucoma.     

PE341旋光计在食品分析中的应用与干扰因素的研究

目的：应用PE341旋光计分析味精中麸氨酸钠含量，以及蔗糖、葡萄糖、乳糖的纯度含量，并研究它们同时存在时相互干扰情况。方法：在味精中分别加入蔗糖、葡萄糖、乳糖；在蔗糖中分别加入味精、葡萄糖、乳糖；在葡萄糖中分别加入味精、蔗糖、乳糖；在乳糖中分别加入味精、蔗糖、葡萄糖进行分析。结果：味精中麸氨酸钠含量，以及蔗糖、葡萄糖、乳糖的纯度含量，回收率在98．5％～105．0％之间；样品中同时存在上述2种物质时，其中一种物质将干扰另一种被测物的分析结果。结论：该方法操作简便，没有干扰物质时，可以得到准确的科学数据。     

Morphometric evaluation of changes with time in optic disc structure and thickness of retinal nerve fibre layer in chronic ocular hypertensive monkeys

We examined the time course of changes in optic disc structure by means of a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph, HRT) in ocular hypertensive (experimental glaucoma) monkeys, and clarified the relationships between the histological RNFL thickness and HRT parameters. Further, the time course of changes in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in individual eyes was measured using a scanning laser polarimeter with fixed corneal polarization compensator (GDx FCC). In the present study, two separate experiments were carried out. A chronic intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation was induced by laser trabeculoplasty in the left eye in 11 cynomolgus monkeys. In Experiment 1, the HRT and GDx parameters were measured 12 weeks after the laser treatment in 10 eyes in five monkeys. In Experiment 2, the time course of changes in the HRT and GDx parameters was examined before and 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 weeks after the laser treatment in 12 eyes in six monkeys. The retardation values (thickness parameters) obtained from the GDx were used to derive thickness and ratio parameters in the superior, inferior, nasal and temporal quadrants. Ratio parameters were expressed as a ratio of superior and inferior quadrant to nasal quadrant. After the last measurements, each eye was enucleated, and retinal cross sections were prepared for histological analysis. In the left (hypertensive) eyes, IOP was persistently elevated throughout the observation periods in both Experiments 1 and 2. In the HRT measurements in Experiment 1, seven out of eight global topographic parameters (exception, disc area) were statistically different between the hypertensive and control eyes 12 weeks after the laser treatment. In Experiment 2, the HRT parameters changed in a time-dependent manner, but each of them almost plateaued at about 4 weeks after the laser treatment. Significant correlations were seen between the histological mean RNFL thickness at 1.5 disc diameters from the optic disc margin and the HRT parameters in 21 eyes from 11 monkeys in Experiments 1 and 2. Especially good correlations with histological mean RNFL thickness were seen for the rim volume and cup volume. In Experiment 1, good correlations were found between GDx ratio parameters and histological RNFL thickness in individual right control eyes (n=5). In individual left experimental glaucoma eyes of Experiment 2 (n=6), GDx ratio parameters declined in a time-dependent manner alongside the IOP elevation. In conclusion, alongside the IOP elevation, time-related changes in optic disc topography and RNFL thickness were demonstrated in monkey eyes using HRT and GDx. HRT (rim and cup) parameters showed good correlations with histological RNFL thickness, and significant interrelations.     

OCT和SLP定量检测视网膜神经纤维层的研究进展

研究表明青光眼的视网膜神经纤维层(retinal nerve fiber layer,RNFL)损害早于视野改变。视网膜神经纤维层结构性损害的检测是青光眼早期诊断的重要手段。现代激光及计算机技术可以作为青光眼监测的有效方式。本文对OCT和SLP在RNFL定量检测方面的临床研究进展情况进行了综述。