辛味中药在治疗消渴证中的应用价值及中药五味理论现代研究的思考

辛味是中药五味学说中的重要性味之一,通常具有“发散”“行气”和“行血”的作用,且辛味中药在传统医学临床应用中占有较大比例。结合中药辛味的功效内涵及传统中医理论对消渴证的认识,阐述辛味中药与消渴证治疗之间的内在联系,总结辛味中药对“消渴三消”的治疗意义与价值。并在此基础上,对中药五味理论的现代研究趋势和发展方向进行思考,为同行研究提供参考。     

提升“湘九味”品牌价值 高质量发展湖南中药材产业

湖南省历经8年聚力打造“湘九味”中药材品牌，已逐渐形成品牌品种引领的产业链发展模式。为达成湖南省中药材产业链千亿发展目标，梳理了“湘九味”品牌培育历程，厘清并阐释了相关概念，分析了产业发展现状及问题，研判了大健康应用背景下未来的中药材产业的发展趋势，并提出相关发展建议。     

Parts‐based representations of perceived face movements in the superior temporal sulcus

Facial motion is a primary source of social information about other humans. Prior fMRI studies have identified regions of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) that respond specifically to perceived face movements (termed fSTS), but little is known about the nature of motion representations in these regions. Here we use fMRI and multivoxel pattern analysis to characterize the representational content of the fSTS. Participants viewed a set of specific eye and mouth movements, as well as combined eye and mouth movements. Our results demonstrate that fSTS response patterns contain information about face movements, including subtle distinctions between types of eye and mouth movements. These representations generalize across the actor performing the movement, and across small differences in visual position. Critically, patterns of response to combined movements could be well predicted by linear combinations of responses to individual eye and mouth movements, pointing to a parts‐based representation of complex face movements. These results indicate that the fSTS plays an intermediate role in the process of inferring social content from visually perceived face movements, containing a representation that is sufficiently abstract to generalize across low‐level visual details, but still tied to the kinematics of face part movements.     

16种植物挥发油对柏子仁黄曲霉菌的抑制作用考察

目的:从16种植物(香茅、香叶、松节、山苍子、薄荷、干姜、丁香、姜黄、红花椒、肉桂、罗勒、迷迭香、青花椒、竹叶花椒、八角茴香、肉豆蔻)挥发油中筛选出对黄曲霉菌生长有较好抑制效果的植物挥发油。方法:采用平板培养法从柏子仁药材表面分离得到黄曲霉菌,利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取16种植物挥发油,采用滤纸片熏蒸后测定黄曲霉菌的菌落直径,对16种植物挥发油抑制黄曲霉菌生长的效果进行研究。结果:采用性状、显微及DNA条形码鉴定的方法从柏子仁药材上成功分离了黄曲霉菌,上述16种植物挥发油对黄曲霉菌的抑菌率分别为2. 93%,0. 05%,0. 37%,76. 07%,0. 34%,0. 15%,50. 05%,8. 51%,1. 43%,58. 20%,0. 07%,2. 60%,8. 73%,100. 00%,52. 62%,0. 07%。结论:16种植物挥发油对黄曲霉菌均有着不同程度的抑菌活性,其中竹叶花椒挥发油、山苍子挥发油、肉桂挥发油的抑菌效果较好,可为柏子仁生长储藏过程中防治黄曲霉菌的污染提供参考,并为植物挥发油作为中药仓储过程中的抑菌剂提供应用依据。     

重庆大娄山脉毛茛科珍贵药用植物及民间验方

本文介绍在第四次全国中药资源普查中对重庆大娄山脉的调查,从民间收集珍贵的中草药传统使用经验及知识。通过访问并采集相关的植物标本,整理出8种毛茛科珍贵草药——金山铜骨七、金山拐枣七、金山绿升麻、金山拐子药、金山鸡爪连、溪边飞蛾七、金山岩乌头、雪上一枝蒿,并对其基源植物、凭证标本、采集加工、单验方进行梳理。     

南方红豆杉不同部位紫杉烷类含量累积规律分析

目的:测定南方红豆杉不同组织器官紫杉烷类物质的含量,优选出最佳采收部位,为其开发利用提供依据。方法:分别采集南方红豆杉植株主干树皮、侧皮、根皮、须根、茎、叶六个组织器官材料,运用HPLC法检测紫杉烷类物质含量,确定其最佳利用组织器官。结果:南方红豆杉四种紫杉烷类在组织中的分布明显地受组织分化的影响,其中10-脱乙酰巴卡亭Ⅲ在叶中最多,7-表-10-去乙酰基紫杉醇在侧皮中最多,紫杉醇、三尖杉宁碱则在根中最多。结论:叶是合成紫杉醇前体物质的主要器官,而皮与根则是合成及积累紫杉醇的主要组织器官。     

Academic–Industrial Collaboration: Toward the Consilience of Two Solitudes

Current major advances in drug discovery can be traced back to pioneering contributions originating from academics over a century ago. Living in a symbiotic yet noninvasive coexistence, the academic community and the pharmaceutical industry have strived, each in their own way, to develop the modern medicines that benefit humankind today. The subject is presented from a historical and personal perspective.     

中药对大鼠辐射损伤防护作用的实验研究

目的探讨中药当归、川芎、黄芪、丹参提取液对大鼠放射性骨髓损伤的防护作用.方法雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、中药组,每组6只,在相同条件下饲养2周,模型组和中药组大鼠给予6.0 Gy 60Co γ射线一次性全身照射,继续饲养1周处死全部动物并取材.用骨髓细胞计数法计数骨髓有核细胞数,用Western blot法测定血管内皮生长因子（vascularendothelialgrowth factor,VEGF）、血小板衍生生长因子（ptatelet derived growth factor,PDGF）的蛋白含量.结果与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠的骨髓有核细胞数、VEGF、PDGF蛋白含量明显减少（P＜0.01）,与模型组比较,中药组大鼠的骨髓有核细胞数、VEGF、PDGF蛋白含量明显增加（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）.结论中药当归、黄芪、川芎、丹参对大鼠放射性骨髓损伤有一定防护作用.     

Antioxidant properties and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects of Tamus communis L. root extracts

This study was conducted to search for xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors from the root extracts of Tamus communis L. traditionally used in folk medicine in Algeria. Root extracts with different solvents were screened for purified milk xanthine oxidase inhibition. The root extracts (methanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate) and proteins, obtained in distilled water, inhibited bovine, sheep and human milk XO from three species in a concentration-dependent manner, with an additional superoxide scavenging capacity, which reached its highest level with ethyl acetate extract (IC(50) = 0.15, 0.04 and 0.09 g/L) for bovine XO, sheep XO and human XO, respectively. The antioxidant potential was confirmed with the non-enzymatic method, total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP) assay, which showed that the Tamus communis L. extracts have a potential antioxidant activity in the same order obtained by using the reduction of cytochrome c, an enzymatic method, in which the antioxidant activity followed a decreasing order: ethyl acetate extract > chloroform extract > protein.