上海市黄浦区社会办医疗美容机构《医疗美容管理办法》知晓情况调查

目的了解上海市黄浦区社会办医疗美容机构的管理人员和医师对《医疗美容管理办法》相关内容的掌握情况,发现存在的问题并提出改善建议.方法采用现场调查与现场问卷调查相结合的方式,对在上海市黄浦区开展医疗美容科目的所有社会办医疗机构(共计38家)进行全覆盖现场调查,并对其中的管理人员41人、相关医师31人进行问卷调查.结果38家社会办医疗美容机构中,美容外科和美容皮肤科的开展率较高,分别为96.8%和97.2%,而美容牙科开展率为52.4%,美容中医科开展率最低(25.0%).管理人员关于非主诊医师可在主诊医师指导下工作的知晓率仅68.3%.关于美容外科、皮肤科、中医科、牙科主诊医师应具备的工作年限,管理人员答对率为90.2%,医师答对率为72.0%,二者有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论社会办医疗美容机构中的二级科目设置需进一步优化,以减少资源空置.应加强对医疗机构管理人员和医师的法律培训,改变经营模式,制定明确的准入与退出机制,从而减少违法违规行为的发生.     

Thermotherapy in dermatology

Heat has been used as a medicinal and healing modality throughout human history. Today, thermotherapy is being studied in the treatment of many diseases. Although the exact anti-infective mechanism of thermotherapy is yet to be solved, this historically important healing method has shown significant results in the treatments of a variety of dermatological infectious diseases ranging from simple acne to bacterial, parasitic and viral infections, in modern medicine. Induction of cellular apoptosis in medium doses and necrosis in high doses has made thermotherapy an important modality in the treatment of malignant tumors. Especially in dermatology, significant results have been achieved in the treatment of Bowen’s disease, melanoma and simple warts. Thermotherapy, which today has also shown advancements in cosmetology, can be delivered by liquid nitrogen in the form of hypothermia and a variety of ways ranging from hot water pads to ultrasound and even to lasers, in the form of hyperthermia. In this article, the place of this historically important treatment method in modern medicine, especially in dermatology, has been reviewed by an extensive search of the literature.     

纳晶微针的促渗透作用及安全性实验研究

目的探讨纳晶针作用于皮肤后,可在皮肤表面形成开放给药通道,从而促进外用药物经皮渗透和吸收的价值及安全性。方法 (1)扫描电镜观察纳晶针作用后在皮肤表面形成针孔的存在和闭合;(2)以0.125%荧光素钠为模型药物,在荧光显微镜下对比观察纳晶针+荧光素钠和单纯外用荧光素钠后,荧光在大鼠皮肤的分布情况。结果 (1)纳晶针可在皮肤表层形成给药通道,该通道在20 min左右即可闭合;(2)经过纳晶针处理过的大鼠皮肤可见耀眼的荧光(+++);而未经纳晶针处理的大鼠皮肤仅在角质层可见明确的线状荧光(+),其他部位可见微弱荧光(-)。结论纳晶针对外用药物有明显的促进渗透作用,且安全简便。     

肾与中医美容的关系

肾为先天之本，是五脏六腑之精气生成的根本场所。肾精充沛，则五脏气血旺盛，功能正常，使人容貌不枯，肌肤丰盈柔滑，延年驻颜。文章认为肾在美容的生理、病理中占有重要的位置；肾的功能失调则会导致许多损关性疾病；因此，无论在日常生活中还是对损美性疾病治疗方面都要顾肾保肾。故补肾益精为美容的重要手段之一。     

72所基层专科医疗整形美容机构医院感染管理现状与对策

目的 了解北京市基层专科医疗整形美容机构医院感染管理现状,为加强医院感染管理工作,逐步提高基层医疗美容机构医院感染控制能力探讨对策.方法 根据医院感染管理的相关文件、法规制定统一评估表,对北京市72所基层专科医疗整形美容机构进行现场评估.结果 基层专科医疗整形美容机构医院感染管理现状不容乐观,72所受检机构中合格28所,限期改进44所,合格率仅为38.9%,存在发生医源性感染的隐患.结论 重视医院感染管理工作,加强对基层医务人员医院感染控制知识培训,卫生行政部门加大监管力度,是规范基层医疗机构医院感染管理工作的关键.     

The dominant diseases of modernized societies as omega-3 essential fatty acid deficiency syndrome: Substrate beriberi

About 1900, modern food selection and processing caused widespread $\text{epidemics}$ of the B vitamin deficiency diseases of beriberi and pellagra which, for genetic reasons, often expressed as different diseases ranging from bowel and heart disease to dermatoses and psychoses. But the B vitamins merely help convert essential fatty acids (EFA) into the prostaglandin (PG) tissue regulators and it now turns out that, through hydrogenation, milling and selection of w3-poor southern foods, we have also been systematically depleting, by as much as 90%, a newly discovered trace Nordic EFA (w3) of special importance to primates and sole precursor of the PG3(4) series, even as a concurrent fiber deficiency increases body demand for EFA. Since substrate EFA is processed by many B vitamin catalysts, an EFA deficiency will mimic a $\text{panh}$ypovitaminosis B, i.e., a mixture of $\text{substrate}$ beriberi and $\text{substrate}$ pellagra resembling vitamin beriberi and pellagra but exhibiting as even more diverse $\text{endemic}$ disease. This would consitute a second stage of the Modern Malnutrition and explain why some workers now hold the dominant diseases of modermized societies to be new, nutritionally based, pellagraform yet lipid-related and to range, once again, from heart disease to psychosis. It is an assumption that our dominant diseases are unrelated to each other or are merely revealed by our diagnostic acumen and therapeutic success; and that hydrogenating millions of tons of food oils annually, to destroy the rancidity producing w3-EFA, is safe for $\text{primates}$. Extensive beriberiform disease is reported here in 32 typical cases taken from medical practice which responds strikingly to linseed oil supplements (60% w3-EFA) in confirmation of identical results in Capuchins.     

美容手术与CO2激光治疗睑黄瘤对比研究

目的:探讨睑黄瘤的理想治疗方法。方法:对46例睑黄瘤患者采用美容手术切除治疗,并与CO2激光治疗相对比。结果:两组全部治愈,治愈率100%.随访6个月无复发。美容手术治疗组优、良率各为23.91%、60.87%;激光组优、良率各为4.35%、17.39%,经统计学处理有显著性和十分显著性差异(P<0.05、P<0.01)。结论:美容手术治疗睑黄瘤美容效果好,患者满意率高,明显优于CO2激光。     

关于口腔医学美容学的哲学思辨

目的从哲学的视角对口腔医学美容学进行思考和辨析。方法查阅口腔医学、美容医学相关文献并进行口腔医学美容学相关资料的Meta分析。结果未发现以口腔医学美容学为独立学科建制的针对性强的文献资料,其内容散渗在口腔医学、美容医学之中。结论口腔医学美容学是一门新兴的边缘性交又学科,既有口腔医学的内容,又有医学美容学的内容,二者互为渗透;口腔医学美容学有着强劲的发展动力和广阔的发展前景,在不久的将来一定会发展成为一门具有独立学科建制的临床学科。     

关于我国医学美容兴盛的人文思考

我国医学美容蓬勃发展,是经济发展?生活改善?文化多元及学科进展的必然?医学美容事业具有提升人文?发展经济?融洽医患?创新技术及培养人才等重要价值?面对发展中的问题,需要医学美容机构?政府和社会以及医学院校共同努力,引导这项社会事业进入良性发展轨道?     

整形及医疗美容医患纠纷处理探讨

整形与医疗美容是一门既要治疗又需要把美学相结合的专业学科,是有别于一般医疗行为的,整形患者的心理特点与其它专科的患者的心理特点也有着很多的不同。如何妥善处理整形美容专业的医疗事故和纠纷？已成为当今医疗美容界研究的课题。本文总结分析了整形和医疗美容发生医疗纠纷的特点、原因和处理医疗纠纷应注意的相关问题。