药学干预对喹诺酮类药物应用影响

目的 探索药学干预对喹诺酮类药物应用的影响.方法 选取2016年3月—2017年3月到医院接受喹诺酮类药物治疗的患者进行研究,分为药物干预前、干预后两组,喹诺酮类药物使用过程中采用药学干预的方法 进行护理,对比干预前后喹诺酮类药物的耐药率、不合理用药率和不合理使用情况.结果 药学干预后,喹诺酮类药物对肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌的耐药率降低,且不合理联合用药、不合理用法用量和用药禁忌等不合理用药率也显著降低,不合理使用情况也在逐渐减少(P<0.05).结论 药学干预对喹诺酮类药物的应用效果显著.     

湿温汗下润忌宜及儿科临床

<温病条辨>上焦篇湿温门云:"头痛恶寒,身重疼痛,舌白不渴,脉弦细而濡,面色淡黄,胸闷不饥,午后身热,状若阴虚,病难速已,名日湿温,汗之则神昏耳聋,甚则目瞑不欲言,下之则洞泄,润之则病深不解".     

Left-Atrial-Appendage Occluder Migrates in an Asymptomatic Patient

Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA) is a new approach to the prevention of cardioembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation. We implanted an LAA occlusion device (Amplatzer™ Cardiac Plug) in a 70-year-old woman via a transseptal approach. Upon her discharge from the hospital, a transthoracic echocardiogram showed stable anchoring of the device; 6 months after implantation, a routine transthoracic echocardiogram revealed migration of the occluder into the left ventricular outflow tract, in the absence of symptoms. We surgically removed the device from the mitral subvalvular apparatus and closed the LAA with sutures. This case shows that percutaneous LAA occlusion can result in serious adverse events, including device migration in the absence of signs or symptoms; therefore, careful follow-up monitoring is mandatory.     

《内经》刺禁初探

《内经》对刺禁论述颇多,如《素问·刺禁论篇》、《灵枢经·五禁》篇有专门论述,其他多篇也均有涉及。内容包括部位刺禁——五脏、血脉、形体诸窍刺禁,穴位刺禁,操作刺禁——留针禁忌、补泻禁忌、深浅禁忌、时间禁忌、病者刺禁等。这类刺禁产生的原因有重要脏器禁刺、针具落后、缺乏消毒措施、师传经验等。从现代医学知识来看,刺禁理论确有一定的科学性,涉及到针刺禁忌、针刺注意事项及针刺不当造成的危害,不仅有较高的理论价值,而且对针灸临床有广泛的指导意义。     

不同疾病导致意识障碍患者高压氧治疗时机的把握

目的：探讨不同疾病导致意识障碍患者高压氧（HBO）治疗时机的把握。方法：116例接受HBO治疗的意识障碍患者,根据原发疾病的不同分为急性中毒组（A组）、重型颅脑损伤组（B组）、心肺复苏后急性缺血缺氧性脑病组（C组）及脑血管病组（D组）,比较各组开始HBO治疗的时间和有效率,并分析其影响因素。结果：A组开始HBO治疗的时间最早,与其他组比较,有效率最高97.4%（P〈0.01）。C组与D组有效率较低,分别为52.6%、41.2%。B组与D组开始HBO治疗的时间较晚,平均〉1个月。结论：各组患者早期HBO治疗都有其不同的特点,治疗时机不仅与原发疾病有关,还与气管切开、肺部感染有关。意识障碍患者行HBO治疗,应合理把握时机,尽量早期开始。     

Clinical contraindications to allergen immunotherapy: an EAACI position paper

Clinical indications for allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in respiratory and Hymenoptera venom allergy are well established; however, clinical contraindications to AIT are not always well documented. There are some discrepancies when classifying clinical contraindications for different forms of AIT as ‘absolute’ or ‘relative’. EAACI Task Force on ‘Contraindications to AIT’ was created to evaluate and review current literature on clinical contraindications, and to update recommendations for both sublingual and subcutaneous AIT for respiratory and venom immunotherapy. An extensive review of the literature was performed on the use of AIT in asthma, autoimmune disorders, malignant neoplasias, cardiovascular diseases, acquired immunodeficiencies and other chronic diseases (including mental disorders), in patients treated with β‐blockers, ACE inhibitors or monoamine oxidase inhibitors, in children under 5 years of age, during pregnancy and in patients with poor compliance. Each topic was addressed by the following three questions: (1) Are there any negative effects of AIT on this concomitant condition/disease? (2) Are more frequent or more severe AIT‐related side‐effects expected? and (3) Is AIT expected to be less efficacious? The evidence, for the evaluation of these clinical conditions as contraindications, was limited, and most of the conclusions were based on case reports. Based on an extended literature research, recommendations for each medical condition assessed are provided. The final decision on the administration of AIT should be based on individual evaluation of any medical condition and a risk/benefit assessment for each patient.     

General and local contraindications for endosseal implants - an epidemiological panoramic radiograph study in 65-year-old subjects

Abstract In order to evaluate general and local contraindications for implantation for 65-yr-old subjects from a medium-sized Finnish city, 431 such persons were examined anamnestically and by means of panoramic radiographs. The population represents 61% of the total age group in the city (born in 1923). It was shown that several degrees of cardiac problems and increased blood pressure followed by pulmonary diseases and diabetes were the most commonly encountered relative contraindications for implantation. Eleven percent of the patients said that they smoked regularly and the bone quality was estimated to be less suitable for implantation in 21% of the cases. Implantation was evaluated according to the Bonefit® system (implant lengths between 6 and 16 mm) in 10 regions in the maxilla and 6 regions in the mandible and was shown to be possible in 38% of the regions in the partially edentulous maxillae and 50% of those in the partially edentulous mandibles, the corresponding figures for the edentulous jaws were 55% in the maxilla and 61% in the mandible.     

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection with Cardiac Tamponade

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome. Clinical presentation ranges from chest pain alone to ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation, and sudden death. The treatment of patients with spontaneous coronary artery dissection is challenging because the disease pathophysiology is unclear, optimal treatment is unknown, and short- and long-term prognostic data are minimal.We report the case of a 70-year-old woman who presented with an acute ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction secondary to a spontaneous dissection of the left anterior descending coronary artery. She was treated conservatively. Cardiac tamponade developed 16 hours after presentation. Repeat coronary angiography revealed extension of the dissection. Medical therapy was continued after the hemopericardium was aspirated. The patient remained asymptomatic 3 years after hospital discharge. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of spontaneous coronary artery dissection in association with cardiac tamponade that was treated conservatively and had a successful outcome.