In vitro susceptibility of Candida albicans isolates from apical and marginal periodontitis to common antifungal agents

The susceptibility of a total of 70 Candida albicans strains to five common antifungal agents was determined. Thirty-five of the strains were isolated from persistent cases of apical periodontitis and 35 from cases of marginal periodontitis. The susceptibility of the strains to amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine and three azoles: fluconazole, miconazole and clotrimazole, was tested. The antifungal agents and yeast inoculums were prepared according to the NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards) recommendations. The yeasts were incubated with ten different concentrations of antifungal agents at 35 degrees C for 48 h. Yeast growth was measured spectrophotometrically. All strains from both isolation sources were susceptible to low concentrations of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine, whereas the susceptibility to the three azoles varied, and three of the strains showed azole cross-resistance. These findings are in agreement with recent reports of increased azole resistance in Candida species in general and suggest the possibility that the oral cavity may act as a reservoir of resistant yeast isolates in systemic infections.     

Comparing the effects of Calendula officinalis and clotrimazole on vaginal Candidiasis: A randomized controlled trial

This triple-blind trial examined the effects of Calendula officinalis vaginal cream on the treatment of vaginal Candidiasis (primary outcome) and sexual function (secondary outcome). Married women aged 18–45 years with vaginal Candidiasis (n = 150) were recruited from April to October 2014 and randomized into Calendula and clotrimazole groups, using 5-g vaginal cream every night for seven nights. Clinical and laboratory assessments were conducted at 10–15 and 30–35 days after intervention and the female sexual function index was assessed at 30–35 days. Six women were lost to follow-up. The frequency of testing negative for Candidiasis in the Calendula group was significantly lower at the first (49% vs. 74%; odds ratio (OR) 0.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.16–0.67) but higher at the second (77% vs. 34%; OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.5–6.2) follow-up compared to the clotrimazole group. The frequency of most signs and symptoms were almost equal in the two groups at the first follow-up, but were significantly lower in the Calendula group at the second follow-up. Sexual function had almost equal significant improvement in both groups. Calendula vaginal cream appears to have been effective in the treatment of vaginal Candidiasis and to have a delayed but greater long-term effect compared to clotrimazole.     

克霉唑与制霉菌素治疗妊娠合并外阴阴道念珠菌病疗效比较

[目的]探讨克霉唑与制霉菌素治疗妊娠合并外阴阴道念珠菌病(VVC)的临床疗效和安全性.[方法]138例妊娠合并VVC患者随机分为克霉唑组与制霉菌素组.克霉唑组采取阴道放置克霉唑片(500mg/片)联合外阴涂抹克霉唑软膏进行治疗;对照组采用阴道放置制霉菌素片(10万U/片)治疗;分别于停药1周、4周后来院复查,比较两组临...     

阴道冲洗配合双唑泰栓治疗滴虫阴道炎疗效观察

目的:观察洁尔阴阴道冲洗联合双唑泰栓治疗滴虫阴道炎的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选择2007年7月～2009年7月在本院妇科门诊诊治的滴虫性阴道炎患者96例,随机将其分为观察组和对照组各48例。对照组应用双唑泰栓1枚,每日睡前将其塞入阴道后穹窿处;观察组在对照组基础上加用洁尔阴阴道冲洗,将洁尔阴原液兑入温开水,将其制成10%的溶液,早晚各冲洗阴道一次。2组患者均治疗7d,疗程结束后5～7d复查,评价疗效。结果:洁尔阴阴道冲洗联合双唑泰栓治疗滴虫阴道炎总有效率为85.42%,明显优于对照组66.67%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05):观察组对阴道滴虫的清除率为87.50%,优于对照组70.83%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05):在所有接受药物治疗的96例滴虫阴道炎患者在治疗过程中均未见明显不良事件和严重不良事件发生。结论:洁尔阴阴道冲洗联合双唑泰栓治疗滴虫阴道炎能够提高临床疗效,提高滴虫清除率,且有较好的安全性和耐受性,值得临床推广使用。     

口腔溃疡膜有效成分提取方法的考察及含量测定

目的 考察不同溶剂对口腔溃疡膜中有效成分地塞米松磷酸钠和克霉唑的提取率,优化有效成分含量测定方法。方法 采用不同提取溶剂(甲醇、水、70%甲醇)对口腔溃疡膜中的有效成分进行提取,用HPLC法进行含量测定,得到最佳提取方法。结果 纯水对口腔溃疡膜中地塞米松磷酸钠和克霉唑有最好的提取效果。地塞米松磷酸钠在0.482~16.328 μg/ml范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为（103.97±1.02）%;克霉唑在5.014 5~200.580 0 μg/ml范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0.999 8）,平均回收率为（104.23±0.63）%。结论 本研究建立的纯水提取方法操作简单,提取效率高,含量测定方法操作简便,准确性、重复性好。     

Single‐dose oral fluconazole versus topical clotrimazole in patients with pityriasis versicolor: A double‐blind randomized controlled trial

This study was designed to compare the therapeutic effects of topical clotrimazole and systemic fluconazole in pityriasis versicolor. A double‐blind randomized controlled trial was carried out in the dermatological clinic of Gorgan, northern Iran, between April 2006 and May 2007. All consecutive patients with pityriasis versicolor were included and randomly divided into two groups. In the first group (G1), patients underwent treatment with a single dose of fluconazole capsule (400 mg) and placebo cream. In the second group (G2), patients underwent treatment with clotrimazole cream (twice daily) and placebo capsule. The course of treatment was 2 weeks. All subjects were re‐evaluated 2, 4 and 12 weeks after the end of the therapeutic course. After 2 weeks, the rate of complete resolution of disease was significantly higher in G2 than G1 (49.1% vs 30%). After 4 weeks, 41 patients (81.2%) of G1 and 52 patients (94.9%) of G2 showed complete resolution. After 12 weeks, 46 patients (92%) in G1 and 45 patients (81.8%) in G2 showed complete resolution. Recurrence rate in G1 and G2 were 6% and 18.2%, respectively. No complications were seen in either group. In this study, clinical response at week 4 was greater in the clotrimazole group than the fluconazole group. Recurrence at week 12 after treatment was less with oral fluconazole than clotrimazole cream. So, for better evaluation, more studies need to be done.     

咪康唑,克霉唑与利福平联合应用的抗真菌作用

在联合应用利福平后,证明咪康唑和克霉唑的最低抑菌浓度比二药单独应用时分别降低60和16倍,显示利福平有增强上述二药的抗真菌作用。其中尤以对咪康唑的增强作用更为显著,为临床合理用药提供了实验依据。     

HPLC-RID法同时测定复方痱子粉中4种成分的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱-示差折光检测法测定复方痱子粉中樟脑、麝香草酚、薄荷脑和克霉唑4种成分的含量。方法采用示差折光检测器,C18色谱柱(150×4.6mm,5μm),以甲醇-水(78:22)为流动相,柱温30℃,流速为0.8mL/min,进样量为20μL。结果线性范围分别为樟脑0.210~0.631mg/mL,r=0.999 9;麝香草酚0.312~0.935mg/mL,r=0.999 8;薄荷脑0.207~0.621mg/mL,r=0.999 9;克霉唑1.389~4.166mg/mL,r=0.999 9。平均回收率为樟脑100.4%(RSD=0.5%),麝香草酚99.5%(RSD=0.7%),薄荷脑100.4%(RSD=0.6%),克霉唑100.3%(RSD=0.5%)。结论本法简便,快速,准确,可作为本品质量评价和生产工艺监控的有效方法。