胃癌c-erbB-2过度表达与预后的关系

探讨c－erbB－2过度表达与胃癌预后的关系。方法：用免疫组化ABC法对103例胃癌手术标本及151个转移淋巴结进行c－erbB－2表达检测。结果：21．4％胃癌手术标本出现阳性表达．其中进展期胃癌、乳头状腺癌、高中分化胃癌及伴淋巴与肝转移的胃癌阳性率显著增高（P＜0．05与＜0．01）；转移淋巴结表达阳性率高于胃癌原发灶（X2＝3．7．P＞0．05）。高中分化胃癌伴c－erbB－2过度表达者5年生存率显著低于阴性者（P＜0．01）。结论：c－erbB－2过度表达可作为胃癌预后估计指标之一。     

Growth Factors in Metanephric Development

During embryonic life, renal morphogenesis is characterized by a defined period of intense cellular activity, inductive-transformation of undifferentiated cells to polarized epithelia, in-growth of capillaries into an intricate parenchvmal epithelial-mesenchvmal mass, and finally the maturation into an organ with diverse structural and biological functions. It should be emphasized that the interactions between various growth factors and their receptors, ECM glvcoproteins and proto-oncogenes are required for proper epithelial: mesenchymal interactions essential to the process of nephrogenesis. A balance between the activities of these macromolecules, whether essential or redundant, is needed to orchestrate the proper cell signals and responses to assure the progression of normal organogenesis. Finally, in spite of the enormous wealth of data in the literature, the process of renal development is so complex that a clear picture has yet to emerge of the precise coordinated and sequential events that result in the formation of a mature functioning kidney.     

Expression of resistance-related proteins in tumoral and peritumoral tissues of patients with lung cancer

Twenty tumoral and peritumoral tissues from patients with lung cancer were analyzed immunohistochemically for the drug resistance-related proteins P-glycoprotein (P-170), topoisomerase II (Topo-II), glutathione S-transferase-π (GST-π), metallothionein (MT), heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) and the putative regulators of resistance (ErbB1, Fos and Jun). Protein expression of Topo-II, GST-π, MT, HSP-70, ErbB1, Fos and Jun was elevated in tumor tissue in comparison to normal tissue. The different expression of the proteins between tumoral and normal tissues was statistically significant for Topo-II (P = 0.05), MT (P = 0.03), and HSP-70 (P = 0.01), whereas ErbB1 showed a borderline significance. The expression of the proteins was frequently increased in smokers in comparison to non-smokers. In general, the increase of the proteins of smokers corresponded in tumoral and non-tumoral tissue. Different expression was only found with MT and HSP-70 which were higher in tissues of smokers.     

Expression of the Proto-oncogene c-myc in Human Stenotic Aortocoronary Bypass Grafts

Proliferation and differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are central events in vascular pathobiology and play a major role in the development of stenotic and restenotic lesions [15, 27]. The proto-oncogene c-myc and other early cell cycle-regulating genes have been implicated in the induction of cell proliferation and differentiation under diverse pathophysiological conditions [11, 13]. In the present study we analyzed c-myc mRNAexpression by indirect nonradioactive in situ hybridization technique (NISH) in human stenotic venous bypass grafts (n = 32) retrieved during re-do operations of coronary artery disease and compared the results with 28 native veins (vena saphena magna) from the same patients.Stenotic bypass grafts showed enhanced c-myc expression located predominantly in VSMCin the media and neointima (severity score: ++–+++, 32/32 stenotic veins). In native veins we observed only low levels of – c-myc mRNA(severity score: +, 28/28 native veins), all signals were restricted to endothelial cells of either the innermost intimal layer or of the vasa vasorum.Our in situ hybridization studies demonstrate enhanced mRNAexpression of the proto-oncogene c-myc in stenotic venous bypass grafts. These results suggest that – in analogy to other pathophysiological conditions – c-myc exerts essential regulatory functions in cellular events operative during the initiation and progression of venous bypass graft disease.     

15个多发性内分泌腺瘤2A型家系的临床和RET基因突变研究

目的 研究15例多发性内分泌腺瘤2A型（MEN2A）先证者及其家系成员的临床表型和RET原癌基因突变情况。方法 收集15例MEN2A先证者家系的共119名家系成员,提取其外周血基因组DNA,分别对RET原癌基因第8、10、11、13、14、15、16外显子进行PCR产物直接测序。结果 在15个MEN2A家系中,共有49例检出RET原癌基因突变。其中37例有MEN2A临床表型,另12例为基因携带者,前者诊断MEN2A的年龄显著晚于后者[（43．0±13．9）岁比（9．8±7．4）岁,P〈0．01];37例MEN2A患者中甲状腺髓样癌（MTC）、嗜铬细胞瘤（PCC）和甲状旁腺增生或腺瘤（HPT）的发生率分别为91．9％,56．8％和10．8％;在15个MEN2A家系中,共检出5种基因突变类型,均位于RET原癌基因第11外显子634位点,分别为：C634W（13．3％）,C634Y（46．7％）,C634R（26．7％）,C634F（6．7％）,C634S（6．7％）。结论 15个MEN2A家系中,37例有临床表型的MEN2A患者平均确诊年龄高于国外相关报道;MEN2A患者MTC和PCC的发病率和国外文献报道的基本一致,而HPT则较低;所有MEN2A患者的RET原癌基因突变均位于634位点,较国外文献报道的单一。     

流动剪切力作用下细胞通透性和原癌基因的表达

采用膜片钳技术以全细胞方式在鼠脑微血管内皮细胞中记录到一种延迟外向电流.机械力作用下可引出一外向电流,膜电位为30mY时其大小为(54.12±53.23)pA,60mV时为(106.13±47.42)pA,90mA时为(154.01±53.22)mV.说明血管内皮细胞上存在机械敏感性通道,并且这种通道不同于以往在内皮细胞上发现的机械力激活的内向整流性通道.不同的流动剪切力对体外培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞c-fos和c-myc蛋白表达产生不同的影响.c-fos蛋白表达在静态时非常低,在4dynes/cm2和10dynes/cm2的剪应力都可诱导c-fos蛋白水平迅速增加,尤其是10dynes/cm2的剪应力.并随时间的增加而增加,到1.0h时达到高峰,随后下降,2.5h时接近基础水平.c-myc蛋白在静态时表达也非常低,经剪切力作用后缓慢增加.     

BCSG1-siRNA在乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤的表达

目的 探讨小分子干扰RNA(siRNA)对人乳腺癌移植瘤组织中乳腺癌特异性基因BCSG1表达的抑制作用.方法 根据BCSG1的已知cDNA序列,设计并体外转录合成4条特异性siRNA,分别导入载体质粒中,用脂质体介导分别转染人乳腺癌细胞系MCF7细胞中,以无关序列转染和未转染的MCF7细胞为对照.将用上述4条特异性siRNA和无关序列转染后的细胞连同未转染的MCF7细胞(共6组细胞)注入裸鼠皮下,构建裸鼠乳腺癌移植瘤模型,分析肿瘤生长抑制情况.采用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应和免疫组织化学SP法分别检测6组裸鼠移植瘤中BCSG1 mRNA和BCSG1蛋白的表达情况.3组人肿瘤组织(浸润性导管癌、癌旁乳腺导管增生组织和乳腺纤维腺瘤)同时用作对照.结果 BCSG1-siRNA转染的4组的抑瘤率均明显大于无关序列转染组及未转染对照组(P＜0.01);与无关序列转染组及未转染对照组相比,BCSG1-siRNA转染的4组肿瘤组织中BCSG1蛋白的表达明显减弱;未转染细胞对照组和无关序列转染组、人乳腺浸润性导管癌组均有大量BCSG1 mRNA阳性条带,而在BCSG1-siRNA转染的4组中,仅有少量BCSG1较弱的mRNA阳性条带,与未转染细胞对照组和无关序列转染组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 BCSG1-siRNA能有效抑制肿瘤的生长,下调裸鼠乳腺癌组织中BCSG1蛋白及mRNA的表达.     

白细胞介素-13对巨核细胞系-HEL细胞原癌基因c-mpl表达的影响

目的：研究重组人白细胞介素-13（rhIL-13）刺激巨核细胞系-HEL细胞的增殖是否与原癌基因c-mpl表达有关。方法：用MTT比色法和RT-PCR法分别观察了rhIL-13对HEL细胞增殖的影响和对c-mpl mRNA表达的影响。结果：rhIL-13促进了HEL细胞的增殖,上调了HEL细胞c-mpl mRNA的表达。结论：rhIL-13促进巨核细胞系-HEL细胞增殖,其部分机制可能是通过上调c-mpl的表达来实现。