香附水提剂对离体兔肠管活动的影响

目的：探讨香附水提剂对离体兔肠平滑肌的作用。方法：采用Magnus实验装置,使用二道仪描记离体兔肠平滑肌收缩曲线5min作为对照,然后观察药物对其作用25min后曲线变化,并与对照组比较。结果：给香附水提剂后5min离体平滑肌收缩频率及幅度降低较阿托品对照组明显;5-15min二者接近;25min后降低幅度为阿托品组1.3倍,二者比较差异显著（P＜0.01）。结论：香阳水提剂能明显抑制离体兔肠平滑肌的收缩幅度与频率,同时也能拮抗乙酰胆碱和氯化钡所致离体肠管平滑肌的兴奋作用。     

醋炙香附与生香附挥发油成分的比较

目的: 研究醋炙香附与生香附挥发油成分的差别,探讨中药炮制方法对药性的影响.方法: 利用GC-MS气质联用仪对香附炮制前后的挥发油进行成分分析.结果: 从香附生品提取物中鉴别出19种化合物,醋炙后香附的提取物中鉴别出16种化合物.结论: 醋炙香附挥发油的主要成分中各种烯类、酮类化合物含量高于生品中的含量,而酸类化合物的含量低于生品中的含量.醋炙香附挥发油的得率低于生香附.     

Hypolipidemic activity of a hydroalcoholic extract of Cyperus scariosus Linn. root in guinea pigs fed with a high cholesterol diet

Lipid-lowering and antioxidant activities of a hydroalcoholic extract of Cyperus scariosus Linn. root（HCS） were evaluated in guinea pigs fed with a high cholesterol diet. Serum lipid profile（total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and HDL-C）, atherogenic indices and serum enzymes（ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, and CK-MB） were performed in each group at 0 days and at the end of 60 days. Histological study of liver and kidney was done in groups 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7. The total phenolic and flavonoid content in HCS and its antioxidant activity were evaluated by the DPPH assay. Both doses of HCS decreased serum lipid profile and atherogenic indices（P 〈 0.05）. HCS has lipid lowering, immunosuppressive and antioxidant properties, and mays have value in atherosclerosis prevention. The higher dose of HCS also reduced serum AST, ALP, and LDH levels and rosuvastatin increased AST and ALP levels（P 〈 0.05）. Histology of the liver showed decreased lipid accumulation and improvement in hepatocytes in HCStreated animals. The antioxidant activity of HCS may be responsible for its lipid lowering and cytoprotective action. HCS had significant lipid lowering and antioxidant activity, which; may be due to the phenolic compounds. HCS may be a safe and cost effective alternative to current statin therapy for patients with dyslipidaemia.     

醋炙香附炮制工艺研究

目的优选香附的炮制工艺,为规范香附的炮制工艺提供技术参数。方法采用L9(34)正交表设计实验,以α-香附酮的含量为考察指标,筛选醋炙香附的最佳条件。结果醋炙香附的最佳条件是:醋的用量60%(质量分数),闷1h,加入饮片时的温度为150℃,炒10min。验证实验表明最佳炮制工艺合理。结论工艺稳定可行,对实现香附炮制的规范化、产业化有积极的意义。     

基于“寒凝血瘀”关键病机理论探讨新加良附方治疗胃癌的网络药理学研究

目的:通过网络药理学方法探讨新加良附方治疗胃癌的作用机制。方法:在中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)中获取高良姜、香附、穿山龙的有效成分及靶蛋白,通过Genecards、OMIM数据库筛选出胃癌的靶点,利用Venn软件获取共同靶点,使用Cytoscape3.7.2进行"化合物-靶点-疾病"的网络图构建。通过String数据库获取蛋白互作网络(PPI),最后进行GO功能、KEGG通路富集分析。结果:从新加良附方中筛选出高良姜素、槲皮素、木犀草素、薯蓣皂苷元等主要有效活性成分,作用于87个胃癌靶点,筛选出AKT1、MYC、CASP3、EGFR等关键靶点,并确定了PI3K-Akt信号通路、p53信号通路、Wnt信号通路等关键代谢信号通路,参与蛋白结合、转录因子活性、酶活性调节、受体活性等过程。结论:新加良附方通过多个靶点、多条通路发挥治疗胃癌的作用。     

原子荧光光谱法测定不同产地油莎豆中重金属含量

目的测定不同产地油莎豆中重金属含量。方法采用原子荧光光谱法测定油莎豆中Pb、Cd、As、Hg的含量。结果不同产地油莎豆中重金属含量存在一定差异,但均远低于《药用植物及制剂进出口绿色行业标准》(2001)中重金属的限量标准,符合标准规定。结论原子荧光光谱法快速、简便、准确,油莎豆中重金属含量的测定可为油莎豆的质量评价提供参考依据。     

Optimization and comparison of three methods for extraction of volatile compounds from Cyperus rotundus evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

The essential oil of Cyperus rotundus has multiple pharmacological activities. Therefore, the extraction with high yield and quality is very important for preparation of essential oil of C. rotundus. In this paper, three methods, namely hydrodistillation (HD), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), for extraction of volatile compounds from C. rotundus were optimized and compared by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Among eight identified compounds in C. rotundus, five components including alpha-copaene, cyperene, beta-selinene, beta-cyperone and alpha-cyperone were quantitatively determined or estimated using alpha-cyperone as standard, which showed that PLE had the highest extraction efficiency, while SFE had the best selectivity for extraction of beta-cyperone and alpha-cyperone. The contents of ingredients from C. rotundus extracted with HD, PLE and SFE are significantly different, which suggest that comparison of chemical components and pharmacological activities of different extracts is helpful to elucidate the active components in C. rotundus and control its quality.     

香附不同炮制品HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的：对生香附、醋制香附、酒制香附、香附炭的指纹图谱进行研究比较。方法：采用梯度洗脱法测定香附不同炮制品的HPLC指纹图谱,流动相为甲醇一水,梯度洗脱,检测波长为254nm,记录时间为60min。结果：香附经不同方法炮制后,不仅原有成分含量发生变化,而且有新成分生成。结论：香附不同炮制品成分差异显著。     

基于高效液相色谱法的建昌帮四制香附指纹图谱相似度评价

目的:研究建昌帮四制香附炮制过程中炮制品HPLC图谱,并与生品香附、醋制香附的HPLC图谱进行相似度评价,从指纹图谱中各成分峰的变化探索四制香附的炮制特色及炮制工艺。方法:选用色谱柱为Diamonsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:以甲醇-水二元梯度洗脱(0～10min:甲醇30%～70%,10～35min:甲醇70%～100%);检测波长:250nm;流速:1.0ml/min;进样量:20μl。采用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统2004A版"进行评价。结果:l2个香附样品指纹图谱与对照共有峰HPLC指纹图谱比较,中位数相关系数在0.806～0.979之间,均值相关系数在0.863～0.984之间。结论:香附不同炮制品指纹图谱相似度存在差异,综合比较分析含量、共有峰等因素可知建昌帮四制法为较优的炮制方法。     

基于化学计量学的不同产地香附中14种无机元素的含量比较

目的:建立香附药材中无机元素的含量测定方法,并比较不同产地香附中14种无机元素的含量,为该药材质量控制和优质资源开发提供理论基础。方法:采用微波消解法对样品进行处理,再采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定香附药材中Na、Mg、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Sr、Cd、Pb的含量,运用SPSS 23.0软件对数据进行主成分分析和聚类分析。结果:不同产地香附药材中上述14种无机元素的平均含量依次为168.62、753.71、6938.33、24.31、14.69、197.77、0.60、2.43、26.89、0.21、0.06、5.64、0.05、0.32 mg/kg。主成分分析结果显示,前4个主成分的累计方差贡献率为86.203%,可以反映原始数据的大部分信息;山东、江西、山西、湖北、云南所产香附的无机元素含量综合得分排在前5位。聚类分析结果显示,9个产地样品共聚为5类,呈现出按产区聚类的特点;从无机元素角度分析,华东、华中、华北、西南产区香附的质量优于华南产区样品。结论:香附药材中富含Na、Mg、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Sr等人体必需元素,含有少量Ni、As、Se、Cd、Pb元素;不同产地香附药材无机元素的含量差异与所在地理片区具有相关性。