Recruitment and PEEP level influences long‐time aeration in saline‐lavaged piglets: an experimental model

Objectives: To evaluate aeration/ventilation in saline‐lavaged piglets during a 3‐h follow‐up after a recruitment maneuver (RM)/PEEP titration compared with PEEP 10 cmH₂O without a RM. Background: Lung recruitment and PEEP titration are used to find a PEEP preventing repetitive opening/collapsing of lung. Methods: Twenty‐one lung‐lavaged piglets, mean age 7 weeks and mean weight 10 kg; a RM‐group and a PEEP10‐group, were ventilated at PEEP 5 cmH₂O (baseline) followed by zero PEEP ventilation. In the RM‐group, tidal elimination of CO₂ and dynamic compliance (Cdyn) guided recruitment and PEEP titration, respectively. A final 3‐h ventilation followed using PEEP 2 cmH₂O above the first decline of Cdyn and end‐inspiratory pressure (EIP) for a target tidal volume (V_T) of 10 ml·kg^?1. In the PEEP10‐group, PEEP 10 cmH₂O without a RM was used during the final 3‐h ventilation. CT scans and blood gases were repeated every 30 min. Airway pressures, Cdyn and hemodynamics were continuously recorded. Results: Aeration improved without differences between groups. The RM‐group PEEP level of 10 ± 0.6 cmH₂O did not differ from the PEEP10‐group. Compared to baseline EIP was lower in the RM‐group after 3‐h ventilation. In both groups, driving pressure (DP) was lower and Cdyn higher than baseline. In the RM‐group, final EIP and DP were lower and Cdyn higher than in the PEEP10‐group. Conclusions: Both RM/PEEP titration and PEEP elevation resulted in improved aeration without differences between groups at the end point. Lung aeration was achieved at lower EIP and DP and higher Cdyn in the RM‐group than in the PEEP10‐group.     

电导滴定法测定氨基化磁性微球表面氨基含量

目的建立电导滴定法测定磁性微球表面微量氨基的化学计量点选择新方法,定量分析其氨基含量,为其表面修饰及偶联奠定基础。方法观察不同因素对滴定结果准确度的影响,在此基础上采用电导滴定法对磁性微球表面氨基进行定量测定,比较曲线拟合及电导率的变化率(ΔK)确定化学计量点2种不同方法对滴定结果的影响。结果建立了更为直接、客观的电导滴定法测定磁性微球表面微量氨基的新方法。利用滴定曲线拟合计算氨基化磁性微球表面氨基含量为(35.05±14.18)μmol/g(RSD=40.47%,n=5);而用ΔK确定化学计量点计算氨基化磁性微球表面氨基含量为(51.38±2.91)μmol/g(RSD=5.66%,n=5),后者的测定精度明显高于前者。结论利用电导率的变化率(ΔK)确定滴定拐点更为直接客观,降低了主观误差,测定精度较高。     

不同治疗方案对急性脑出血合并高血糖患者神经功能预后的影响

目的探讨不同治疗方案对急性脑出血合并高血糖患者神经功能预后的影响。方法共纳入78例我院急性脑出血合并高血糖患者,采用随机数字法平均分为观察组与对照组,观察组给予胰岛素滴定,控制血糖4.4~8.3mmol/L,对照组给予常规治疗,控制血糖4.4~10.0mmol/L。于治疗前、治疗后1d、3d、7d、14d空腹抽取静脉血,检测血清髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、血清胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF?α)水平,并对其神经功能进行评价。结果观察组血糖水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但低血糖发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。与治疗前相比,治疗后1d、3d2组患者血浆MBP、GFAP、TNF?α水平均明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后7d、14d患者血浆MBP、GFAP、TNF?α水平较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后1d、3d、7d、14d,观察组的血浆MBP、GFAP、TNF?α水平均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组有效率92.3%明显高于对照74.4%,且NIHSS评分亦低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胰岛素滴定治疗可更好控制患者血糖水平,降低MBP、GFAP、TNF?α水平,进而改善患者的神经功能及预后,值得临床推广应用。     

滴定液研究进展

目的：通过分析研究国内外滴定液发展现状,得出滴定液研究过程的重要意义,为之后滴定液的发展奠定一定基础。方法：分析总结国内外对滴定液的研究现状,比较分析《中国药典》与GB/T 601-2016中对滴定液的异同标准。结果：对滴定液的研究分析可为滴定液领域进一步发展奠定重要意义。结论：通过分析滴定液研究发展现状,对之后滴定液的深入研究存在重要意义。     

Study of the Adhesion of Neurodegenerative Proteins on Plasma-Modified and Coated Polypropylene Surfaces

Abstract

The inner polymeric surface of an ELISA titration well is plasma-modified and coated with different surfactant molecules. The titration of neurodegenerative proteins markers (prion, Tau and β-synuclein), previously demonstrated as more efficient with such modified tubes, is related to the adhesion behaviour of these proteins and their corresponding capture antibodies. The adhesion process is studied in terms of anchoring and specific mechanisms. The proteins and antibodies binding onto such modified surfaces is related to the substrate hydrophilic character calculated from the angle contact measure, to the polymer surface charge measured through the streaming potential determination at different pH and the inner surface roughness determined from AFM images. Furthermore, the influence of the blocking agent used during the ELISA titration is also studied.     

剩余滴定法测定蔗糖八醋酸酯的含量

目的建立蔗糖八醋酸酯的含量测定方法。方法采用剩余滴定法，蔗糖八醋酸酯与NaOH反应后，用H2SO4滴定过量的NaOH。结果回收率为100．1％，RSD=0．2％。结论本法简便可行、重复性好，可用于蔗糖八醋酸酯的的质量控制。     

Thermodynamics of clayedrug complex dispersions: Isothermal titration calorimetry and high-performance liquid chromatography

An understanding of the thermodynamics of the complexation process utilized in sustaining drug release in clay matrices is of great importance.Several characterisation techniques as well as isothermal calorimetry were utilized in investigating the adsorption process of a model cationic drug(diltiazem hydrochloride,DIL)onto a pharmaceutical clay system(magnesium aluminium silicate,MAS).X-ray powder diffraction(XRPD),attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATRFTIR)and optical microscopy confirmed the successful formation of the DIL-MAS complexes.Drug quantification from the complexes demonstrated variable behaviour in the differing media used with DIL degrading to desacetyl diltiazem hydrochloride(DC-DIL)in the 2 M HCl media.Here also,the authors report for the first time two binding processes that occurred for DIL and MAS.A competitor binding model was thus proposed and the thermodynamics obtained suggested their binding processes to be enthalpy driven and entropically unfavourable.This information is of great importance for a formulator as care and consideration should be given with appropriate media selection as well as the nature of binding in complexes.