“中国科技期刊卓越行动计划”领军期刊与对标期刊的指标特征分析与发展建议

【目的】 通过比较2019年获得“中国科技期刊卓越行动计划”领军期刊项目资助的期刊(以下简称“领军期刊”)与其对标期刊,探索我国科技期刊缩小与世界顶级期刊差距的对策,为我国一流科技期刊建设提供参考和借鉴。【方法】 利用Web of Science (WoS) 数据库和期刊官网,检索并总结领军期刊与其对标期刊的各项指标数据,分析领军期刊最近5年来的发展情况。【结果】 22种领军期刊的主要指标数据明显上升。2020年领军期刊共发表Article 和Review文章4025篇,比2019年的2630篇增长53.0%,2020年刊均载文量为183篇,比2019年的120篇增长53.0%;领军期刊总被引频次由2019年的99767 次大幅增长至2020年的153610次,增幅达54.0%;2020年领军期刊的平均被引半衰期为3.73年,而对标期刊的平均被引半衰期为9.35年。2020年,16种领军期刊跻身JCR学科排名前10%,10种领军期刊跻身JCR学科排名前5%。【结论】 领军期刊应构建良性的期刊发展生态、动态调整期刊的发展目标、紧扣国家战略和重大需求布局期刊发展方向、重视人才发展与储备、构建自主可控的国际传播平台与渠道,以完成引领行业发展的使命任务,实现可持续发展,从而带动我国期刊行业的整体发展与进步。     

他山之石 何以攻玉:从脑出血国际临床研究现状看我国的规范化治疗

自发性脑出血病死率和病残率较高,但缺乏有效的治疗策略。我国的脑出血相关研究与国际先进水平存在一定差距。近年国际上一系列临床研究从不同角度探讨脑出血的治疗方式,对我国脑出血研究和规范化治疗具有十分重要的参考价值。我国的脑出血临床治疗经验和研究成果要想走向世界,必须开展高质量的临床试验。四川大学华西医院神经外科正在开展INTERACT3试验,以及准备开展STICHⅢ试验,希望能够推动中国脑出血研究事业的进步。     

批准用于奶牛的抗菌药物分析

我国奶牛养殖规模不断扩大,奶业产值比重逐步提高,给奶牛疫病防治带来巨大压力。奶牛乳房炎及细菌性肺炎等呼吸系统疾病和细菌性肠炎等消化系统疾病最为常见,抗菌药物的使用成为主要防治手段。但抗菌药物的不当使用易使细菌产生耐药性,增加临床治疗的成本和难度,危害我国奶牛产业发展。本文对截至2021年7月我国和美国、英国、日本、欧盟批准用于奶牛的抗菌药物产品进行整理、统计与分析,包括抗菌药物的分类、剂型以及适应证等,旨在为我国奶牛用抗菌药物管理、合理用药和新兽药开发提供参考。     

Cost-effectiveness of breast cancer screening programme for women in rural China

In low and middle-income countries mammographic breast cancer screening is prohibitively expensive and a cheaper alternative option is to use ultrasound as the primary screening test. In 2009, China launched a breast cancer screening programme for rural women aged 35–64 years with clinical breast examination coupled with ultrasound as the primary tool. Our study aimed to analyse the cost-effectiveness of breast screening compared to no screening among Chinese rural women. We developed a Markov model to estimate the lifetime costs and effects for rural women aged 35 years from a societal perspective. Asymptomatic women in the intervention arm were screened every 3 years before age 64 years. Breast cancer in the non-screening arm can only be diagnosed on presentation of symptoms. Parameter uncertainty was explored using one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Compared to no screening, breast cancer screening cost $186.7 more and led to a loss of 0.20 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Breast screening was more expensive and did harm to health among rural women with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $-916/QALY. The sensitivity analysis identified utility loss from false positives as the factor that most influenced the results, but this did not affect the conclusions. In a rural setting with such low breast cancer incidence, screening for asymptomatic disease is not cost-effective with current screening tools. Priority should be given to ensure that symptomatic women have proper access to diagnosis and treatment at an early stage as this will lead to mortality reductions without the usual screening harms.     

Characteristics and outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest in adults hospitalized with acute coronary syndrome in China

AimsThis retrospective study aims to analyze and explore the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and in-hospital outcomes - including return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to discharge - of hospitalized patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) suffering cardiac arrest.MethodsACS patients admitted to three tertiary hospitals in Fujian, China, were evaluated retrospectively from January 1, 2012 to December 30, 2016. Data were collected, based on the Utstein Style, for all cases of attempted resuscitation for IHCA. We analyzed patient characteristics, pre-event variables, event variables, and the main outcomes, including ROSC and survival to discharge, and identified the influencing factors on the outcomes.ResultsThe total number of ACS admissions across the three hospitals during this study period was 21,337. Among these admissions, 320 ACS patients experienced IHCA (incidence: 1.50%); 134 (41.9%) patients experienced ROSC; and 68 (21.2%) survived to discharge. The findings indicated that four factors were associated with ROSC, including age <70 years-old, shockable rhythm, duration of resuscitation (≤15 min and 16–30 min), and PCI. Five factors were associated with survival to discharge, including age <70 years-old, shockable rhythm, the duration of resuscitation (≤15 min and 16–30 min), Killip ≤ II, and CCI ≤ 2.ConclusionYounger age, shockable rhythm, and shorter duration of resuscitation were all factors demonstrated to be a predictor of ROSC and survival to hospital discharge.