累及气道的嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎1例

本文报道1例累及气道的嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎,以“咳嗽、发热4天”入院。入院后行支气管镜检查,活检病理提示大量嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,完善进一步检查后确诊为嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎。治疗上予糖皮质激素联合免疫抑制剂治疗,复查肺部CT病灶明显吸收,症状缓解,目前随访病情稳定。     

清肝安神汤联合右佐匹克隆治疗失眠(肝郁化火)随机平行对照研究

[目的]观察清肝安神汤联合右佐匹克隆治疗失眠(肝郁化火)疗效。[方法]使用随机平行对照方法,将86例门诊患者按就诊顺序号方法随机分为两组。对照组43例右佐匹克隆,3mg/次,1次/d,睡前口服。治疗组43例清肝安神汤(柴胡、龙胆草、栀子、夜交藤各30g,泽泻、木通、酸枣仁、柏子仁各20g,远志、茯苓各15g,生地黄、玄参各20g,生牡蛎、生龙骨各25g),水煎400mL;右佐匹克隆治疗同对照组。连续治疗1个月为1疗程。观测临床表现、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、失眠严重程度指数、不良反应。治疗1疗程(1个月),判定疗效。[结果]治疗组痊愈24例,显效9例,有效7例,无效3例,总有效率93.02%;对照组痊愈18例,显效7例,有效8例,无效10例,总有效率76.74%;治疗组疗效优于对照组(P0.05)。PSQI、ISI两组均有改善(P0.01),治疗组改善优于对照组(P0.01)。[结论]清肝安神汤联合右佐匹克隆治疗失眠(肝郁化火),疗效满意,无严重不良反应,值得推广。     

四川省三州地区卫生人力资源配置与公平性评价分析

目的:了解2011-2017年四川省三州地区卫生人力资源配置现状,为三州地区卫生人力资源的合理配置提供参考。方法:利用千人卫生人力资源拥有量指标、基尼系数和卫生人力资源密度指数(HRDI)分析卫生人力资源配置现状及其公平性。结果:三州地区千人卫生人力资源拥有量呈增长趋势;基尼系数大多超过0.4,仅护士按人口分布的基尼系数较小;卫生人力资源密度指数较小,需要量、缺乏量及缺乏比例均较大。结论:三州地区卫生人力得到一定程度改善;但配置公平性较差,尤其按地理、经济分布很不均衡;医护人员短缺,需要重点投入。     

Microinjection of a growth factor cocktail affects activated microglia in the neocortex of adult rats

Microglia, as the resident immune cells in the central nervous system, play important roles in regulating neuronal processes, such as neural excitability, synaptic activity, and apoptotic cell clearance. Growth factors can activate multiple signaling pathways in central nervous system microglia and can regulate their immune effects, but whether growth factors can affect the morphological characteristics and ultrastructure of microglia has not been reported. After microinjecting 300 nL of a growth factor cocktail, including 10 μg/mL epidermal growth factor, 10 μg/mL basic fibroblast growth factor, 10 μg/mL hepatocyte growth factor and 10 μg/mL insulin-like growth factor into adult rat cortex, we found that the number of IBA1-positive microglia around the injection area increased significantly, indicating local activation of microglia. All CD68-positive labeling co-localized with IBA1 in microglia. Cell bodies and protrusions of CD68-positive cells were strongly attached to or were engulfing neurons. Characteristic huge phagosomes were observed in activated phagocytes by electron microscopy. The phagosomes generally included non-degraded neuronal protrusions and mitochondria, yet they contained no myelin membrane or remnants, which might indicate selective phagocytosis by the phagocytes. The remnant myelin sheath after phagocytosis still had regenerative ability and formed "myelin-like" structures around phagocytes. These results show that microinjection of a growth factor cocktail into the cerebral cortex of rodents can locally activate microglia and induce selective phagocytosis of neural structures by phagocytes. The study was approved by the Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences(approval No. IACUC-AMMS-2014-501) on June 30, 2014.     

心力衰竭合并肺部感染患儿基质金属蛋白酶变化及与心肌功能的关系

目的探讨心力衰竭合并肺部感染患儿基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)、中性粒细胞CD_(64)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)、白细胞介素-21(IL-21)水平变化及与心肌功能的关系。方法选取2016年1月-2018年8月于天津市儿童医院进行治疗的心力衰竭合并肺部感染患儿148例为感染组。选择同期于医院进行治疗的150例心力衰竭未合并肺部感染患儿为非感染组。比较两组MMPs、心肌酶谱及其他血清因子水平变化。同时比较感染组MMPs、CD_(64)、IL-17、IL-21与心肌功能的关系。结果感染组MMP-2、MMP-9以及MMP-10,IL-17、TNF-α水平均高于非感染组,且两组间差异显著(P<0.001)。感染组CK、AST、CKMB以及LDH水平,CD_(64)、PCT水平均高于非感染组,且两组间差异显著(P<0.001)。感染组NYHA-Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级的MMP-2、MMP-9、MMP-10、CD_(64)以及IL-17水平均低于NYHA-Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级(P<0.05或P<0.001),IL-21水平两组间比较无统计学差异。结论MMPs、CD_(64)、IL-17、IL-21水平在心力衰竭合并肺部感染患儿中变化灵敏,能够反映机体心肌功能以及肺部感染程度,对指导病情具有一定的临床价值。