Spouse Concordance for Alcohol Dependence and Heavy Drinking: Evidence from a Community Sample

Using data from a community sample of 586 married couples, levels of spouse concordance for lifetime and current alcohol dependence and heavy drinking were estimated. In addition, marital quality ratings in concordant and discordant couples were compared. Spouse concordance was significant for lifetime alcohol dependence and for both lifetime and current heavy drinking. Marital quality varied as a function of current heavy drinking and alcohol dependence such that members of couples in which neither spouse drank heavily reported better marital quality than other couples. Furthermore, although marital quality did not differ significantly between concordant and discordant couples, couples concordant for current heavy drinking consistently reported poorer marital quality than other couples.     

婚姻质量与人格特质的相关分析

目的　探究夫妻人格特质与婚姻质量的相关以及夫妻间人格特质的相关性 ,为婚姻咨询提供帮助。方法　用 OL-SON婚姻质量问卷 ( ENRICH)和艾森克人格问卷 ( EPQ) ,对 1 0 0对夫妻进行测试和调查。结果　精神质特质、神经质特质与婚姻质量总分存在极显著负相关 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,掩饰维度与婚姻质量总分存在极显著正相关 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,精神质和神经质均与婚姻质量的 8个因子存在极显著负相关 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,丈夫的神经质与妻子精神质特质间存在显著性正相关 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ,与妻子的掩饰维度存在显著性负相关 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论　婚姻质量与人格关系极为密切。     

神经症的性压抑与心理因素的相关性研究

研究神经症患者潜在人格与性压抑和情绪的相关性.方法:对124例神经症患者进行了婚姻质量问卷(性生活、婚姻质量部份)、抑郁自评量表(以下简称SDS)、焦虑自评量表(以下简称SAS)及自编的性生活调查问卷、主题统觉测验(以下简称TAT)测评.结果:1、神经症伴性障碍组TAT潜在人格与对照组相比,在支配、性、援助、躯体社会攻击、财产破坏欲求、自我攻击、情绪变化欲求和情绪言语攻击性、躯体社会攻击、引诱、缺乏、丧失、灾害、丧失支持、躯体伤害压力上均较对照组显著增高,而成就欲求下降(P<005-001);与神经症无性障碍组相比,神经症伴性障碍组的成就、支配、教养、性欲求得分显著增高,情绪言语攻击欲求得分下降(P<001～005);2、神经症伴性障碍组的性生活质量低,性频度、性后快感均低.3、SDS、SAS与TAT中的负性欲求呈明显的相关性,性行为调查与婚姻质量量表中的性行为呈正相关.结论:神经症的性压抑与其潜在人格有密切的相关性.     

高年级医学生性观念和婚恋观调查分析

目的 了解高年级医学生婚恋观和性观念。为健康教育和心理咨询提供依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法。对广东某医学院476名三、四年级学生进行问卷调查。结果 97.90%的学生对大学期间谈恋爱持赞成态度,84.87%的学生认为恋爱是婚姻的基础。59.87%学生认为恋爱目的是选择人生伴侣,在选择配偶时考虑的前5位条件是：诚实可靠（83.19%)、富有感情（82.56%)、受过良好教育（75.42%)、身体健康（75.00%)、长相好（50.84%)。67.44%的学生认为当今社会贞操仍然重要,70.80%的学生接受婚前性行为,32.14%的学生接受婚外性行为,多数观念存在男女差别。调查时32.58的男生和50.60%的女生处恋爱或恋爱前期状态。结论 高年级医学生大多有正确的婚词类观和性观念。但应加强教育。     

中国人口婚姻挤压状况及对生育保健的挑战

目的分析中国1985-1999年的婚姻挤压方向、程度及变化趋势，为生育保健策略的制定提供依据。方法利用中国2000年第五次人口普查资料，计算男女终身不婚率及婚姻挤压指数。结果中国人口在19851999年15年间一直呈现为男性婚姻挤压，且挤压程度从1991年开始有所升高。结论应重视不能成婚的男性这一弱势群体，开展可行、有效的男性保健；同时，应针对女性开展防范性暴力的健康教育。     

Les nouvelles dispositions pour la reconnaissance de nullité du mariage catholique selon le Droit Canon et le rôle de l’expertise psychiatrique

Recent events are indicative of the rapid changes concerning marriage as conceived by our contemporaries. A personalist approach at the end of the 20th century contributed to the development of a subjective perception of marital reality. As far as the Catholic Church is concerned, it stablely defines a doctrine of marriage, but whose expression has evolved through a Christian anthropology that takes into account the humanities. The practice of Catholic marriage is translated into law, the same is true for civil marriage but the nature or essence of marriage is deeper and richer than can be said and translated into positive, civil, or canonical law. This right has developed and evolved over the centuries through multiple sources. These texts are of various authorities from the founding source, which is the Revelation of the Old Testament and the New Testament. Multiple sources were codified in 1917 and 1983 by the Latin Church, with codifications for the Eastern Rite Churches. This adaptation and modernization of the law owes much to the spirit of classification and simplification introduced by the Napoleonic code. The 1983 Code of Canon Law reflects the evolution of theological thought, particularly with regard to nature, the role of the Church, which is the subject of ecclesiology. Societal evolution emphasizes the prevalence of the subject's desire for love. One of the causes of recognizing the nullity of the matrimonial commitment is therefore the defect of consent, that is, the lack of capacity to make such a commitment, either or both spouses. Consent defects are defined by the Code of Canon Law. The pontifical motu proprio (act taken by the Roman Pontiff on his own initiative) Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesus, published in September 2015, made significant changes to the procedure in the finding of nullity of marriage including the implementation of the procedure known as the Process Brevior (or shorter trial).     

配偶参与式正念认知行为训练对阴道感染患者病情控制及心理状态的影响

目的:探讨配偶参与式正念认知行为训练对阴道感染患者病情控制及心理状态的影响。方法:选取2016年12月1日~2019年3月31日收治的64例阴道感染患者作为研究对象,按照1∶1配对随机分为对照组和观察组各32例;对照组采取常规护理干预,观察组在常规护理干预基础上接受配偶参与式正念认知行为训练;比较两组症状改善情况(采用Nugent评分量表)、正念认知水平[采用正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)]、自我感受负担[采用自我感受负担量表(SPBS)]、自我效能感评分[采用自我效能感量表(GSES)]、应对方式[采用医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)]、婚姻质量(采用Olson婚姻质量调查问卷)、患者及配偶护理满意度。结果:两组训练后Nugent评分、SPBS评分、MCMQ中屈服和回避维度评分及总分均低于训练前(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.01);两组训练后MAAS评分、GSES评分、MCMQ中面对维度评分、Olson婚姻质量评分、患者及配偶护理满意度均高于训练前(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:配偶参与式正念认知行为训练,能减轻阴道感染患者不适症状,提高正念认知水平,促进患者积极应对疾病,增强自我效能感,降低自我负担,提升婚姻质量,增强患者及家属对护理工作的满意度。     

不孕不育夫妇的婚姻质量和性状况的研究

目的:为不孕不育夫妇身心健康干预措施的制定提供依据,有效提高其婚姻生活质量.方法:本文采用文献回顾的方法,对有关不孕不育夫妇的婚姻质量和性状况的相关研究进行分析和探讨.结果:不孕不育的诊断及其治疗会影响不孕不育患者及其伴侣的婚姻满意度和婚姻调适,并对其性状况产生影响;此外,不孕不育夫妇在性状况方面的变化也会对其婚姻质量产生影响.结论:在不孕不育夫妇的健康照顾中,应关注夫妇双方在婚姻关系中的适应状态,并深入分析性状况的变化对亲密关系、婚姻满意度和婚姻调适等方面的影响,进而为改善不孕不育夫妇的婚姻质量提供针对性的依据.     

不同微导管超选择插管对于子宫肌瘤介入后生活质量的影响分析

目的:探讨不同微导管超选择插管对于子宫肌瘤介入后生活质量的影响。方法:子宫肌瘤育龄女性180例根据随机抽签方法分为治疗组与对照组各90例,都给予导管插管栓塞治疗,治疗组选用聚乙烯醇颗粒进行插管栓塞,对照组选择平阳霉素碘化油乳剂插管栓塞。结果:治疗后治疗组与对照组的有效率分别为96.7%和94.4%,两组疗效都比较高,对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组治疗前后的血清FSH、LH与E2值对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05),同时组间对比差异也无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后经过观察,治疗组的盆腔感染、闭经、恶心呕吐等并发症总体发生率明显少于对照组。治疗组的躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑评分明显高于对照组,对比差异都有统计学意义(P0.05)。所有患者治疗后随访1年,经过观察,治疗组的半年复发率明显低于对照组,对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:介入治疗在改善子宫肌瘤症状以及缩小肌瘤方面有着显著的疗效,对内分泌激素影响小,采用聚乙烯醇颗粒进行导管插管的安全性更加好,短期复发率低。     

How experiences and attitudes relating to female circumcision vary according to age on arrival in Britain: a study among young Somalis in London

Objective. To examine the association between age on arrival in Britain and experiences and attitudes relating to female circumcision among young, single Somalis living in London.

Design. The study population consisted of single male and female Somalis aged 16–22 years living in the Greater London area. Quantitative data were collected using a cross‐sectional survey based on snowball sampling aiming to obtain data on 100 males and 100 females. Qualitative data were collected from 10 males and 10 infibulated females.

Results. Quantitative data were obtained for 94 females and 80 males. Living in Britain from a younger age was associated with increased assimilation in terms of language, dress and socialising. Seventy per cent of the females reported being circumcised with two‐thirds of operations being infibulation. Those who were living in Britain before the usual age range for circumcision (before age six) were less likely to be circumcised (42%) than those who arrived after the usual age range for circumcision (11 or older) (91%). During in‐depth interviews, health and sexual problems due to female circumcision were described with great emotion and interviewees acknowledged the association between the importance of virginity for marriage and circumcision. Half of males who arrived aged 11 or older wanted a circumcised wife compared with less than a quarter of those who arrived at a younger age. Eighteen per cent of female respondents and 43% of males intended to circumcise any daughters. Females were less likely than males to agree with the assumptions about sexuality and religion that underpin the practice. Substantial proportions of respondents perceived that their parents' expectations in terms of marriage and circumcision were more traditional than their own.

Conclusion. Living in Britain from a younger age appears to be associated with abandonment of female circumcision and with changes in the underlying beliefs on sexuality, marriage and religion that underpin it. Groups identified with more traditional views towards female circumcision include males, older generations, new arrivals and those who show few signs of social assimilation.