顺铂聚乳酸微球的药物释放特性及肝动脉栓塞研究

对顺铂聚乳酸微球进行了体外药物释放和家犬肝动脉栓塞研究。该微球粒径范围为50～200μm,平均粒径为115.76±35.94μm,顺铂含量为37.16%(W/W);体外药物释放机制符合Higuchi方程;肝动脉栓塞后8h,肝组织顺铂浓度高达21.55±12.18μg/g,明显高于肝动脉灌注顺铂组:3.16±0.09μg/g(P<0.05);肝动脉栓塞组的顺铂血浓峰值、各取血点浓度及曲线下面积AUC皆低于肝动脉灌注顺铂组。可望达到提高栓塞部位的药物疗效,降低全身毒副反应的作用。     

高脂血症时血清二乙基对硝基苯磷酸酯酶活性的变化

目的 :研究tritonWR 13 3 9致小鼠高脂血症时血清二乙基对硝基苯磷酸酯酶 (ParaoxonaseI ,PON 1)活性的变化及PON 1活性与血浆脂质含量之间的关系。方法 :在小鼠尾静脉注射tritonWR13 3 9后的 3h ,6h ,12h ,2 4h ,48h ,72h ,眼球摘除术取血 ,用酶标法测定小鼠血浆总胆固醇 (TC) ,甘油三酯 (TG ) ,高密度脂蛋白 -胆固醇 (HDL -C) ,载脂蛋白AI (ApoAI) ,载脂蛋白B (ApoB含量 ) ,并计算出ApoAI/ApoB ,HDL -C/TC比值 ,用分光光度计法测定PONI活性。结果 :TritonWR 13 3 9尾静脉注射后 3h ,小鼠血浆TC和TG含量即急剧增高 ,与对照组相比 ,P <0 .0 1,分别在注射后 2 4h和 3h达到峰值 ,随后逐渐下降 ,其中血浆TG含量在注射后 48h即恢复正常水平。tritonWR13 3 9尾静脉注射后 3h ,小鼠血浆HDL -C和ApoB含量急剧增高 ,与对照组相比 ,P <0 .0 5,分别在注射后 2 4h和 6h达到峰值 ,随后逐渐下降 ,分别在注射后 48h和 72h恢复正常水平。tritonWR13 3 9尾静脉注射后 3h ,小鼠血浆ApoAI含量即急剧降低 ,与对照组相比 ,P <0 .0 5,随后逐渐增高 ,在注射后 6h即恢复正常水平。tritonWR 13 3 9尾静脉注射后 3h ,小鼠血浆ApoAI/ApoB和HDL-C/TC比值减少 ,与对照组相比 ,P <0 .0 1,随后逐渐增高 ,其中ApoAI/ApoB比值在 72h恢复     

REPERFUSION FOLLOWING MYOCARDIAL ISCHAEMIA ENHANCES INOSITOL PHOSPHATE RELEASE IN THE ISOLATED PERFUSED RAT HEART

1. Global myocariial ischaemia (MI) for periods greater tan 5 min caused an inhibition of phosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase C (PtdIns-PLC) activity. 2. Two min reperfusion following a 20 min MI period, a time point associated with reperfusion-induced arrhythmias, resulted in an activation of PtdIns-PLC activity, dependent on endogenous noradrenaline and mediated via al-adrenoceptors. 3. This 2 min reperfusion response, in contrast to healthy myocardium, resulted in: (i) enhanced PtdIns-PLC activity; (ii) increased sensitivity to endogenous noradrenaline; (iii) rapid increases in inositol(1,4,5)trisphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P3); and (iv) PLC hydrolysis primarily of PtdIns(4,5)P₂, such that the majority of InsP isomers derive from Ins(1,4,5)P₃. 4. Together, these data suggest a functional role for Ins(1,4,5)P3 under postischaemic reperfusion conditions, and provide a possible link between al-adrenoceptor stimulation of the PtdIns turnover pathway and reperfusion injury.     

视网膜分支静脉阻塞和新生血管形成

分析视网膜分支静脉阻塞240例245只眼(5人为双眼)，其中主干分支阻塞208只眼，黄斑分支阻塞37只眼。79只眼产生了新生血管，占总数的32.2%，占主干分支阻塞的37.9%．玻璃体出血39只眼，占分支阻塞的15.9%，占新生血管的49.4%。新生血管的危险因素是无灌注区形成、动脉灌注不良、阻塞处静脉严重受压．新生血管的发生随病程时间延长而增高，病程5年以上者高达83.3%。分支静脉阻塞盲目者20只眼占8.2%，其中因新生血管及并发症致盲者14只眼，占盲目的70%，占分支静脉阻塞的5.7%. （中华眼底病杂志，1994，10：67-70）     

Illustrations of neurosurgical techniques in early period of Ottoman Empire by Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu

Summary   Background. Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu (A.D. 1385–1468) was the author of the first illustrated surgery atlas Cerrahiyyetü’l Haniyye (Imperial Surgery), which was written in Turkish in 1465. The purpose of this report is to present his unique contribution to modern neurological surgery. Methods. Cerrahiyyetü’l Haniyye consists of 412 pages in three chapters, in which there are a total of 191 sections dealing with a variety of surgical specialties, including neurosurgery. In each section of the book, a sentence written in rhyme and meter gives the diagnosis, classification and surgical technique in detail. Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu describes medical and surgical management of neurological diseases such as spinal trauma, epilepsy, migraine, facial palsy, hemiplegia, low back pain, cranial fracture, hydrocephalus and abscesses of the head in his textbook. Conclusions. Şerefeddin Sabuncuoğlu was a great surgeon in Turkish medical history and the sections on neurological diseases in Cerrahiyyetü’l Haniyye are of great importance in neurosurgery. Today, he is justified as a pioneer of surgery, an investigator and a medical illustrator in the early period of Ottoman Empire. His atlas is a modification of original contributions from earlier treatises.     

单开门颈椎管扩大椎板成形术对颈椎运动的影响

目的：研究单开门颈椎管扩大椎板成形术对颈椎运动功能的影响及相关因素。方法：对52例因脊髓型颈椎病接受单开门颈椎管扩大椎板成形术患者进行回顾性研究，平均随访37．5个月，在颈椎过屈、过伸侧位X线片上比较手术前后颈椎总的运动范围(总活动度)、各椎体间活动度。结果：术后3年颈椎总活动度、总屈曲及总仰伸角度均减小(P≤0．001)，与术前相比平均下降15％，其中42例伴有颈部僵硬、疼痛等症状。颈椎总活动度的改变与神经功能的改善无相关性。各椎体间的屈伸运动范围从C2至C6均明显减小，而C6／7却稍有增加；椎体间滑移在C3／4、C4／5两个节段明显减少(P≤0．05)。结论：单开门颈椎管扩大椎板成形术可以使颈椎总活动度和各椎体间活动度均减少并伴有颈部僵硬和疼痛。术后短期围领制动并早期主动伸、屈颈部的锻炼可能有助于减少颈部僵硬和疼痛的发生。