HOPFIELD网络的联想记忆性质

本文首先给出了有关联想记忆的一系列概念，通过计算机模拟验证了网络的某些固有性质，同时指出了它的固有问题，并仿真研究了Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ网络中参数间的关系。     

QuickCheck检测加速器的能力测试与评估

目的：在改变测量条件和标准条件的情况下进行测量，对比测量结果，检测QuickCheck的性能，为加速器的晨检及检测结果判读提供依据。方法：通过改变输出剂量、射野大小、SSD、准直器角度和机架角，评估QuickCheck的检测能力。QuickCheck检测的射野参数与三维水箱等测量进行对比。结果：输出剂量增大1 cGy或减小6 cGy，射野改变≥0.2 cm；SSD减小2 cm或增大1 cm，准直器旋转≥2 o，机架角旋转≥6 o，检测结果超过阈值。与三维水箱测量的结果相比，平坦度、对称性（G/T）和（L/R）及剂量率分别相差3.84%、0.67%、0.47%，1.2 MU/min。结论：QuickCheck在检测输出剂量、射野大小、准直器角度、平坦度、对称性及剂量率方面准确度很高，能够满足日常加速器质量保证的需要。在检测SSD、机架角偏差方面能力较弱。     

湖南省县级血吸虫病诊断网络实验室能力建设调查

目的调查湖南省县级血吸虫病诊断网络实验室建设水平和运行情况,为完善全省血吸虫病诊断网络体系提供参考依据。方法按照国家县级血吸虫病诊断网络实验室建设标准和要求,采用自查、自评和现场评审相结合的方式,对湖南省县级血吸虫病诊断网络实验室的建设水平与运行情况进行评估。结果湖南省依托41个国家级血吸虫病监测点建设的县级血吸虫病诊断网络实验室中,有36个符合国家血吸虫病诊断网络实验室建设要求,获得了省级血吸虫病诊断网络实验室准入资质。3家县级血吸虫病诊断网络实验室参加的6批次国家血吸虫病诊断参比中心室间比对均获得"完全一致"评价;血清学和病原学检测样品复核检测符合率分别达98.40%和100%。结论湖南省已初步建成血吸虫病诊断网络实验室体系并有效运行,但其建设水平仍待进一步完善和加强。     

Capability: How is it recognised in student nurses undertaking postgraduate studies in neonatal intensive care?

Historically, nursing practice has been evaluated by assessing competence. While competence is a necessary component of clinical practice it does not provide an holistic picture of performance in practice; Capability is more comprehensive. This paper presents the findings from research, using the iterative principles of grounded theory to gather qualitative data to elicit nuances implying Capability in neonatal nurses. Semi-structured interviews with experienced mentors of students enrolled in any Postgraduate Certificate in Neonatal Intensive Care (PG Cert NIC) in Australia were undertaken to clarify what it is that students demonstrate, which provides evidence of being Capable in practice. The implications drawn from these interviews is that Capability is evaluated through various verbal and non-verbal behavioural cues. Although this research focuses on registered nurses in Australia undertaking PG Cert NIC, ideally these findings could be applied internationally, to any post-registration qualification in the specialty area of neonatal intensive care nursing.     

军队驻京医疗机构放射防护工作现状与分析

目的 对军队驻京部分医疗机构开展放射防护工作的情况进行调查和分析。方法 通过现状调查、现场实验测量的方式。结果 近几年军队放射防护工作不断加强,但仍存在检测能力不足、防护设计不合理、规章制度不完善等问题。结论 加强军队医疗机构放射防护工作,需进一步提高技术服务机构检测能力水平,健全医疗机构放射防护管理组织,并完善各项规章制度,加强放射防护法规、标准和规范的学习,建立坚固的技术支撑体系。     

Why do we not want to recommend influenza vaccination to young children? A qualitative study of Australian parents and primary care providers

IntroductionInfluenza vaccination has been shown to be safe and effective against influenza and in the prevention of complicating secondary respiratory illnesses. However, its uptake in young children remains low. This study explored the views, attitudes and practices of parents and primary care providers (PCPs) on their knowledge and acceptance of influenza vaccination in children under 5.MethodsUsing a cross-sectional qualitative research design, we conducted 30 in-depth interviews with PCPs (i.e., general practitioners, practice nurses, maternal and child health nurses, and pharmacists) and five focus groups with parents (n = 50) between June 2014 and July 2015 in Melbourne, Australia. Data were thematically analysed.ResultsParents thought the vaccine could cause influenza, and influenza vaccination was not necessary for their children as they needed to build their own ‘immunity’. Parents said that they would consider vaccinating their children if recommended by their GP and if the influenza vaccine was part of the immunisation schedule. PCPs also expressed concerns regarding the efficacy of the vaccine as well as out-of-pocket costs incurred by families, and uncertainty regarding the mortality and morbidity of influenza in otherwise healthy children. However, they said they would recommend the vaccine to high-risk groups (e.g. children with chronic disease(s), and asthma).ConclusionDespite the established safety of influenza vaccines, barriers to uptake include concerns regarding the iatrogenic effects of vaccination, its administration schedule, and knowledge of influenza severity. Updated information on influenza and the efficacy of the vaccine, and incorporating influenza vaccination into the immunisation schedule may overcome some of these barriers to increase influenza vaccination in this vulnerable cohort.     

The Importance of Voluntary Behavior in Rehabilitation Treatment and Outcomes

Most rehabilitation treatments are volitional in nature, meaning that they require the patient’s active engagement and effort. Volitional treatments are particularly challenging to define in a standardized fashion, because the clinician is not in complete control of the patient’s role in enacting these treatments. Current recommendations for describing treatments in research reports fail to distinguish between 2 fundamentally different aspects of treatment design: the selection of treatment ingredients to produce the desired functional change and the selection of ingredients that will ensure the patient’s volitional performance. The Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS) is a conceptual scheme for standardizing the way that rehabilitation treatments are defined by all disciplines across all areas of rehabilitation. The RTSS highlights the importance of volitional behavior in many treatment areas and provides specific guidance for how volitional treatments should be specified. In doing so, it suggests important crosscutting research questions about the nature of volitional behavior, factors that make it more or less likely to occur, and ingredients that are most effective in ensuring that patients perform desired treatment activities.     

初中生“基本认知能力测验”信效度分析

目的初中生"基本认知能力测验"信效度分析。方法以中国社会科学院心理研究所基本认知能力测验系统(2.0版)为工具,对分层随机抽取的300名初中生进行认知能力测试。结果①各分量表重测信度比较高,其相关系数分别是:数字拷贝0.90,汉字比较0.73,心算0.75,汉字旋转0.62,数字工作0.91,双字词再认0.59,无意义图形再认0.56,均达到显著水平(P0.05);②因素分析发现基本认知能力测验有6个纬度,分别是:数字拷贝、双字词再认、数字加工、数字工作、汉字比较、心算。结论基本认知能力测验信效度较好,能很好的反映初中生的认知状况。     

An assessment of the construct validity of the descriptive system for the ICECAP capability measure for older people

BACKGROUND: The index of capability (ICECAP) was developed using in-depth interviews with 40 older people and comprises five attributes: attachment, security, enjoyment, role and control. This paper explores the construct validity of these five capability attributes. METHODS: An interview survey was conducted with individuals aged 65 and over located across the UK. Data were analysed in six categories (socio-demographic variables and general well-being, contact with others, health, nature of the locality and environment, social support and participation) using chi-squared tests (for categorical variables) or one-way analysis of variance (for continuous variables). RESULTS: About 315 individuals were interviewed (response rate 66%). Relationships were generally as anticipated with, for example: strong relationships between age and capability and well-being and capability, but no relationships between capability and either sex or social class; strong relationships between physical measures of health and role, enjoyment and control, and between mental health measures and attachment and enjoyment. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides some early evidence for the construct validity of the ICECAP measure. Where anticipated relationships were not observed this might in part be explained in that the ICECAP index asks about capability, but the factors with which associations were examined were largely and inevitably measures of function.     

XT-2000i全自动血液分析仪临床应用评价

目的:评价XT-2000i全自动血液分析仪的性能。方法:根据美国国家实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)文件和国际血液学标准化委员会(ICSH)文件要求对常用血液指标进行检测。结果:XT-2000i全自动血液分析仪的重复性在允许范围内:线性良好;互染率较低;与XE-2100相比较有满意的相关性。结论:XT-2000i全自动血液分析仪结果可靠、准确,可用于大、中型医院临床标本的常规监测。