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1.
目的探讨洗涤回收式自体输血对膝关节、髋关节置换术患者血栓弹力图及免疫功能的影响。 方法选取2019年1月至12月甘肃省中医院骨科收治的膝关节、髋关节置换术中出血400~1 000 ml,回收输血量400~600 ml的患者186例为观察组,并选择同期只接受异体输血的患者162例为对照组。对两组患者输血前与输血后1 d、5 d的血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞计数(RBC)、红细胞比容(HCT)、血小板(PLT)、血栓弹力图[包括凝血反应时间(R)、最大振幅(MA)、血凝块形成时间(K)、凝固角度(α)]及细胞免疫功能(包括CD3+CD4+T细胞、CD3+CD8+T细胞、CD16+CD56+NK细胞)水平进行检测并比较。 结果输血后1 d,观察组Hb(112.57±14.32)g/L、HCT(34.10±3.32)%、RBC(3.12±0.53)×1012/L、PLT(125±31)×109/L与对照组Hb(108.35±12.84)g/L、HCT(33.52±3.04)%、RBC(2.91±0.42)×1012/L、PLT(123±40)×109/L比较,均差异无统计学意义(t=0.36,1.21,1.37,1.94;均P>0.05);输血后5 d,观察组Hb(122.52±13.70)g/L、HCT(40.12±3.80)%、RBC(3.91±0.45)×1012/L、PLT(135±39)×109/L与对照组Hb(118.31±13.91)g/L、HCT(35.50±3.70)%、RBC(3.14±0.61)×1012/L、PLT(127±31)×109/L比较,均差异有统计学意义(t=7.01,5.58,5.72,7.61;均P<0.05)。输血后1 d,观察组R(5.97±0.31)min、MA(56.73±2.24)mm、K(2.57±0.10)min、α(59.88±1.73)°与对照组R(6.07±0.30)min、MA(57.68±1.78)mm、K(2.70±0.52)min、α(61.12±3.09)°比较,均差异无统计学意义(t=2.02,0.90,0.66,0.99;均P>0.05)。输血后5 d,观察组R(6.62±0.59)min、MA(63.81±0.86)mm、K(2.95±0.19)min、α(61.12±2.36)°与对照组R(6.82±1.21)min、MA(62.99±1.88)mm、K(2.82±0.18)min、α(60.50±2.07)°比较,均差异无统计学意义(t=1.70,1.04,1.33,0.56;均P>0.05)。流式细胞分析表明,输血后1 d,观察组患者CD3+CD4+T细胞的水平(33.66±2.10)高于对照组(29.88±1.97),差异有统计学意义(t=3.72,P<0.01);输血后5 d,观察组CD3+CD4+T细胞(35.92±0.79)、CD3+CD8+T细胞(21.82±1.61)、CD16+CD56+NK细胞(1.68±0.14)水平均高于对照组(29.83±2.11、20.53±2.71、1.03±0.13),均差异有统计学意义(t=7.66,6.57,9.58;均P<0.01)。 结论与异体输血比较,洗涤回收式自体输血不影响膝关节置换、髋关节置换患者血栓弹力图R、MA、K、α,可以提高患者的细胞免疫功能。  相似文献   
2.
目的探讨换血治疗对新生儿高胆红素血症血液检验指标的影响。方法选取本院2018年1月~2020年9月进行换血治疗的94例新生儿为研究对象,收集并记录新生儿的一般资料、换血前后血液检验指标及出现的不良反应情况。结果94例换血治疗患儿,均是间接胆红素显著升高,其中ABO溶血病28例(29.8%),颅内出血和头皮血肿14例(14.9%),新生儿败血症等感染13例(13.8%),葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症7例(7.4%),Rh溶血病4例(4.3%),红细胞增多症3例(3.2%),其他综合因素高胆红素血症25例(26.6%)。换血后常规生化指标TBIL、IBIL、DBIL、TP、ALB、ALT、AST、GGT、ALP、CREA、UREA、CysC、LDH、CK、CK-MB水平均较换血前有显著下降(P<0.05);血常规指标WBC、Hct、Hb、Plt较换血前有显著下降(P<0.05);血气、电解质和凝血指标pH、HCO3、BE、Na+、Cl、Ca2+水平有显著降低(P<0.05),pO2、K+、Glu、Lac、PT、INR水平较换血前有显著上升(P<0.05);而URIC、pCO2、RBC计数和APTT换血前后差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。94例患儿换血后,发现低钙血症33例、血小板减少症55例、高血糖83例、代谢性酸中毒41例、高钾血症5例。结论换血疗法是治疗新生儿高胆红素血症的一种有效的方式,可快速清除血清胆红素,但会引起部分血液指标的显著变化和出现一定的换血后不良反应,应在换血过程中密切观察血液检验指标的变化和临床表现,以保障换血安全与疗效。  相似文献   
3.
IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in severe ongoing blood shortages across the US, despite employment of numerous blood-conservation measures. Massive transfusion protocols (MTP) are one resource-intensive practice that utilize significant amounts of blood products. Alterations to the composition of MTP parameters to conserve scarce biologic resources have hitherto not been examined during the pandemic.MethodsAn anonymous 18-question survey was administered to 115 hospitals with valid email contact information. Survey questions addressed whether institutions have altered their MTPs due to the COVID-19 pandemic and blood shortages, and if so, what adjustments they have made. Additional details concerning potential differences in the number and cycles of MTPs and blood product wastage during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the year prior were assessed.Results50 responses were received (43 % response rate). 10 % (5/50) of institutions altered their MTPs utilizing a variety of approaches in attempt to conserve blood during the COVID-19 pandemic. Four additional institutions intend to alter them if it becomes necessary. Following onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, 24 % of institutions (12/50) reported an increase in monthly MTP activations, while 16 % (8/50) reported decreased activations compared to prior to the pandemic. 22 % (11/50) of institutions experienced increased blood wastage, whereas 16 % (8/50) reported decreased waste compared to pre-pandemic.DiscussionThe results of this survey highlight a variety of mechanisms by which institutions have attempted to conserve blood via altering MTPs. Whether an institution adjusted their MTP does not correlate with changes in blood product wastage compared to pre-pandemic.  相似文献   
4.
ObjectiveThe current study has been conducted to identify the risk factors associated with blood transfusion in women undergoing cesarean section (C-section). A detailed account of the risk factors associated withblood transfusion will ultimately prevent unnecessary crossmatching in hospitals , leading to the conservation of declining blood supplies and resources without subjugating the quality of care.Material and methodsWe performed a rigorous literature search using electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Embase, for studies evaluating the risk factors for blood transfusion in C-section published until March 31, 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was deployed to assess the methodologic quality of the included studies. Mean differences (MD) and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Review Manager version 5.3.ResultsThe search yielded 1563 records, 22 of which were eligible for inclusion, representing 426,094 women (10,959 in the transfused group and 415,135 in the non-transfused group). Participants in the transfused group had lower mean preoperative hematocrit (MD = ?3.71 [?4.46, ?2.96]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 88%). Placenta previa (OR = 9.54 [7.23, 12.59]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 88%), placental abruption (OR = 6.77 [5.25, 8.73]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 72%), emergency C-section (OR = 1.92 [1.42, 2.60]; p < 0.0001; I2 = 75%), general anesthesia (OR = 8.43 [7.90, 9.00]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 72%), multiple gestations (OR = 1.60 [1.24, 2.06]; p = 0.0003; I2 = 85%), preterm labor (OR = 3.34 [2.75, 4.06]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 85%), prolonged labor (OR = 1.68 [1.44, 1.96]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 78%), unbooked cases (OR = 2.42 [1.22, 4.80]; p = 0.01; I2 = 80%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (OR = 1.81 [1.72, 1.90]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 71%), and fibroids (OR = 2.32 [1.55, 3.47]; p < 0.0001; I2 = 72%) were significantly higher in the transfused group compared to the non-transfused group. Chronic hypertension (OR = 0.67 [0.29, 1.55]; p = 0.36; I2 = 90%), maternal age (MD = 0.09 [?0.27, 0.45]; p = 0.62; I2 = 50%), maternal body mass index (MD = ?0.14 [?0.81, 0.53]; p = 0.67, I2 = 86%), diabetes (OR = 0.93 [0.75, 1.15]; p = 0.51; I2 = 52%), and malpresentation (OR = 0.65 [0.38, 1.11]; p = 0.13; I2 = 64%) were not significantly associated with an increased risk of blood transfusion in C-section in the two groups.ConclusionPlacenta previa, placental abruption, emergency C-section, booking status, multiple gestations, and preoperative hematocrit were the risk factors most significantly associated with blood transfusion, while a prior C-section did not increase the risk of transfusion.  相似文献   
5.
BackgroundPlatelet transfusion therapy is widely used to prevent hemorrhage in patients with thrombocytopenia and platelet disorders. The platelet concentrate (PC) quality is affected by increased storage time, as reflected in the decreased number of platelets, morphological changes, and impaired functions. This study aimed to analyze the impact of 5 days storage on platelets count and the expression of CD63, and Annexin V as activation markers during PC storage.MethodsFifty PCs collected from single donors were tested for platelet count on days 0, 3, and 5 using a Sysmex blood counter. CD61, CD63, and Annexin V expression was analyzed by a multicolor Navios flow cytometer.ResultsThere was a significant decrease in platelet count during 5 days of storage. There was a direct relationship between storage time and degree of platelet activation. CD63 had almost double increased expression on day 5 than day 3. Annexin V showed significantly increased expression on day 3 with minor differences between days 3 and 5.ConclusionAccording to standard blood bank conditions, PC stored for 5 days showed a degree of in vitro activation as evidenced by CD63 and Annexin V expression, may lead to reduced therapeutic efficacy. Flow cytometry monitoring platelet activation in PC offers a better understanding of the changes during PC storage and may help improve platelet products.  相似文献   
6.
目的探讨RhD阴性孕妇产前免疫球蛋白(Ig)G抗体效价监测对新生儿溶血病(HDN)的诊断意义、Rh-HDN血清学试验及临床换血疗法治疗情况。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年8月该院产科门诊收治的209例RhD阴性孕妇IgG抗体及同期在该院分娩的新生儿血清学试验检测结果及患儿临床资料。结果209例孕妇中IgG-抗A(B)效价>64的有80例,IgG-抗D阳性49例;临床确诊ABO-HDN 39例,全部为O型孕妇,确诊Rh-HDN 7例,O型孕妇1例、A型4例、B型2例;Rh-HDN特异性抗体鉴定结果为抗D 6例,抗D/抗C 1例;Rh-HDN溶血三项试验全部为强阳性;7例Rh-HDN有4例进行了换血治疗,黄疸及贫血症状得到明显改善。结论孕妇产前IgG抗体效价监测和血清学试验对于预防和及时治疗HDN具有重要意义,采用输液泵外周静脉自动换血术治疗高胆红素血症,防止核黄疸发生的效果显著。  相似文献   
7.
Gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD) is a materno-fetal alloimmune disorder that targets the fetal liver and often causes neonatal liver failure. GALD most commonly presents as neonatal hemochromatosis (NH), which is a severe neonatal liver injury confirmed by extra-hepatic iron accumulation at various sites. With the discovery of the alloimmune mechanism of GALD, exchange transfusion and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) administration are being used as novel treatments. Here, we present a rare case of an 11-day-old female infant who presented with marked hyperbilirubinemia. Laboratory findings showed significantly elevated direct and indirect bilirubin, high ferritin and alpha fetoprotein levels, high transferrin saturation, and severe coagulopathy. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging revealed markedly reduced T2 signal intensity in the liver and pancreas compared to the spleen, suggesting iron deposition. The infant was diagnosed with NH and successfully treated with exchange transfusion and four doses of IVIG.  相似文献   
8.
BackgroundA predictive model that can identify patients who are at increased risk of intraoperative blood transfusion could guide preoperative transfusion risk counseling, optimize health care resources, and reduce medical costs. Although previous studies have identified some predictors for particular populations, there is currently no existing model that uses preoperative variables to accurately predict blood transfusion during surgery, which could help anesthesiologists optimize intraoperative anesthetic management.MethodsWe collected data from 582 patients who underwent elective liver resection at a university-affiliated tertiary hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020. The data set was then randomly divided into a training set (n = 410) and a validation set (n = 172) at a 7:3 ratio. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operating regression model was used to select the optimal feature, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to construct the transfusion risk model. The concordance index (C-index) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the discrimination ability, and the calibration ability was assessed with calibration curves. In addition, we used decision curve analysis (DCA) to estimate the clinical application value. For external validation, the test set data were employed.ResultsThe final model had 8 predictor variables for intraoperative blood transfusion, which included the following: preoperative hemoglobin level, preoperative prothrombin time >14 s, preoperative total bilirubin >21 μmol/L, respiratory diseases, cirrhosis, maximum lesion diameter >5 cm, macrovascular invasion, and previous abdominal surgery. The model showed a C-index of 0.834 (95% confidence interval, 0.789–0.879) for the training set and 0.831 (95% confidence interval, 0.766–0.896) for the validation set. The AUCs were 0.834 and 0.831 for the training and validation sets, respectively. The calibration curve showed that our model had good consistency between the predictions and observations. The DCA demonstrated that the transfusion nomogram was reliable for clinical applications when an intervention was decided at the possible threshold across 1%–99% for the training set.ConclusionWe developed a predictive model with excellent accuracy and discrimination ability that can help identify those patients at higher odds of intraoperative blood transfusion. This tool may help guide preoperative counseling regarding transfusion risk, optimize health care resources, reduce medical costs, and optimize anesthetic management during surgery.  相似文献   
9.
目的探讨胎儿宫内输血治疗的临床应用情况,分析宫内输血治疗与短期妊娠结局的相关性。方法回顾性分析2017年1月~2021年5月于广东省妇幼保健院收治并进行宫内输血治疗的病例,分为胎儿存活组和非存活组,比较两组宫内输血的原因、输血量、输血次数、首次宫内输血孕周及宫内输血前后胎儿血红蛋白浓度(Hb)、红细胞比容(HCT)和大脑中动脉收缩期血流峰值流速(MCA-PSV)的变化情况。运用SPSS13.0统计软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果共纳入34例宫内输血治疗病例,其中胎儿存活19例,非存活15例;共进行了63次宫内输血,主要输血原因为:原因不明性贫血、双胎输血综合征、母胎血型不合和胎盘血管瘤;输血后两组胎儿的Hb和HCT都显著升高,MCA-PSV较输血前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,首次宫内输血孕周(OR=1.49,P=0.041)和宫内输血次数(OR=6.72,P=0.025)是胎儿存活的保护因素。结论宫内输血应用范围广,可显著改善胎儿贫血情况。  相似文献   
10.
IntroductionExchange transfusion (ECT) is one of effective treatments for rapid reduction of the bilirubin serum levels. The main purpose of this study was to offer greater insights into the effects of ECT on the hematologic factors and bilirubin in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on 380 neonates over 35 gestational weeks, and 2–14 days old with a bilirubin of above 17 mg/dl who had undergone ECT at Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad in Iran from 2011 to 2021. Blood samples were examined before, immediately after, 6 h and 60 h after ECT for complete blood cell count (CBC), platelet count and bilirubin serum level analysis.ResultsIn this study, the mean age of neonates was 5.21 ± 3.55 days with a mean birth weight of 2810 ± 710 gr. The mean platelet count (PLT), white blood cell (WBC) and the serum level of bilirubin were estimated at 260,000/mm2, 12,400/mm2, 23 mg/dl before ECT and 97,000/mm2, 7370//mm2 and 12.6 mg/dl immediately after ECT, respectively (P-value <0.001).ConclusionThe results indicated that the mean serum levels of bilirubin, platelets, and leukocytes dropped to 55%, 30%, and 60% of their baseline levels before ECT, respectively, but they all spiked after ECT.  相似文献   
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