Intérêt du test HPV dans le dépistage primaire du cancer du col en milieu rural à Madagascar

Background

Testing for high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) is an effective approach to the prevention of cervical cancer. This study in the Atsinanana area of Madagascar aimed to compare the management of women screened by visual inspection after coloration with acetic acid (VIA) and the management of women screened by HPV with VIA as a triage test.

A proposal for classification of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Morphology and status of HPV by immunohistochemistry and molecular biology

The current three-tier grading system (well, moderate and poorly differentiated) used to morphologically classify head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is inadequate for categorisation of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) owing to the lack of prognostic value. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of a classification system for OPSCC based on morphology and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection status. Haematoxylin and eosin slides of 121 patients (100 M, 21 F, age range 40-89 years) with OPSCC were reviewed and categorised as histological types I, II and III. The presence of HPV was assessed by immunohistochemistry with p16 and RNAscope In situ hybridization (ISH). The follow-up period was 36 months. Ninety-six patients were p16+ and clinical stage I. Patient survival with types I, II and III was 93%, 50% and 96%, respectively. Twenty-five patients were p16−: 10 clinical stage I and 15 stage III. Amongst this group, no type I morphology was identified. At follow-up, 65% of type II and 75% of type III patients were alive. All p16+ cases were also positive for E6/E7 mRNA high-risk HPV by ISH, while 23 p16− cases were negative and two were positive. Cox regression identified three predictors of mortality: older age (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.06-1.23, P = .001); female gender (HR = 0.22.95% CI 0.05-0.88, P = .033); and type II morphology (HR = 13.1, 95% CI = 1.09-157.0, P = .043). OPSCC morphological classification in three sub-types, along with HPV infection status, seems to reflect the outcome of patients with OPSCC.     

超声在膀胱内翻性乳头状瘤和尿路上皮癌鉴别诊断中的价值

目的 探讨超声多参数综合分析对膀胱内翻性乳头状瘤(IPB)与尿路上皮癌(BUC)鉴别诊断的价值。方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的26例IPB和59例BUC的超声表现。结果 IPB病灶的最大径、基底宽径、基底宽径与最大横径比值(B/T)及阻力指数(RI)要小于BUC,而纵径与最大横径比值(L/T)值及纵径与基底宽径比值(L/B)值大于BUC；条带状肿瘤、肿瘤内细点状强回声、0级或Ⅰ级血流信号在IPB中更常见,而BUC则更多表现为肿瘤内粗大强回声和Ⅲ级血流信号；上述差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 超声多参数综合分析有助于IPB与BUC的鉴别诊断。     

派特灵与奥平栓治疗宫颈高危型、低危型HPV感染的疗效及对免疫功能的影响

目的探讨派特灵与奥平栓用于宫颈高危型、低危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染中的疗效及对免疫功能的影响。方法选取于无锡市第五人民医院就诊的HPV感染患者,根据HPV检测结果,分别按照随机数字表法分为高危型的观察组和对照组各54例和低危型的观察组和对照组各30例。对照组予奥平栓治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合使用派特灵,对比患者HPV病毒载量、治疗有效率、免疫因子表达水平及不良反应发生情况。结果经治疗,各组HPV病毒载量水平均较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05),且高危型和低危型观察组的HPV病毒载量均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);高危型与低危型观察组患者治疗有效率普遍高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=2.170,P=0.030;χ^2=2.160,P=0.031);经治疗,各组Th17、Treg、骨髓来源的抑制性细胞(MDSC)水平均较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05),且高危型与低危型观察组Th17、Treg、MDSC水平均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);高危型与低危型观察组患者不良反应总发生率普遍低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=2.110,P=0.035;χ^2=2.050,P=0.040)。结论派特灵与奥平栓可提高宫颈高危型、低危型HPV感染患者治疗效果,提高免疫功能。     

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in northern Sweden: Clinical characteristics and practical guidance

Conclusion: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) patients with high surgical treatment frequency (≥ 1/year, HF) were significantly younger and had a more widespread laryngeal disease compared to a low frequency treated group (< 1 treatment/year, LF). This study confirms the existence of a clinical RRP group, not primarily related to HPV sub-type, but more care-intensive and in need of more vigilant follow-up. Objectives: RRP is associated with high morbidity due to its influence on breathing and voice. The purpose of this study was to characterize RRP patients in northern Sweden and investigate possible predictor factors affecting therapeutic needs. Method: Patients from the regional referral area (northern Sweden) were categorized for age, disease duration, juvenile or adult onset, profile of disease development, number of surgical sessions in relation to disease duration, laryngeal deposition of papilloma, gender, and HPV sub-types, in order to identify patients with increased need for frequent surgical treatment. Results: The median age of the RRP patients (n = 48) was 44.5 years; 34 (71%) were males and 14 (29%) females, most were infected with HPV 6. Patients with high surgical treatment frequency/year were significantly younger and showed more widespread papillomatous vegetation in the larynx, compared to the low frequency treated group.     

鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤的临床分期及术式选择

鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤(sinonasal inverted papilloma,SNIP)是鼻腔最常见的良性肿瘤,三个特征使SNIP与其它鼻腔肿瘤有很大的不同:局部破坏性大,复发率较高,有癌变可能。SNIP分期至关重要,其在SNIP术式选择以及预后评估方面具有公认的价值,但目前还没有普遍接受的分期系统。手术是SNIP首选治疗方式,术式可分为鼻外入路、鼻内镜入路以及联合入路,但是切除SNIP的最佳术式仍然存在争议。本文对SNIP分期系统以及术式管理的最新进展进行综述。