D6S1043、D12S391基因座与主动攻击行为的关联研究

目的:探讨D6S1043、D12S391基因座的基因多态性对主动攻击行为的影响。方法:应用聚合酶链反应技术结合毛细管电泳法对114例男性主动攻击行为者(研究组)及120名健康男性(对照组)进行D6S1043、D12S391基因座的基因型及等位基因检测,分析D6S1043、D12S391基因座多态性与主动攻击行为的相关性。结果:研究组D6S1043基因座中12~19基因型频率(13.16%)明显高于对照组(1.67%)(P0.05);两组等位基因频率差异无统计学意义;两组D12S391基因座的基因型及等位基因频率差异无统计学意义。结论:D6S1043基因座中12~19基因型可能主动攻击行为有关。     

中西医结合治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作临床观察

目的研究中西医结合治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的效果。方法选取2018年11月-2019年11月就诊的60例慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者作为此次研究的对象,其中2018年11月-2019年4月到院的30例患者归为对照组,予以常规西医给药治疗;2019年4月-2019年11月到院的30例患者归为观察组,在对照组的基础身上予以清化止咳汤治疗,对比2组的临床疗效、不良症状改善的时间变化情况及不良反应的发生情况。结果观察组患者的临床总有效率(93.33%)显著高于对照组(73.33%)(P<0.05)。观察组患者不良症状改善的时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者的不良反应发生率(6.67%)显著低于对照组(26.67%)(P<0.05)。结论予以慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者中西结合治疗,能够有效的减轻其临床症状,使不良症状能够更快速的得到改善,并且减少不良反应的发生现象,进一步提高患者身体健康的恢复。     

Japanese Versus Non-Japanese Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Stroke: Subanalysis of TIA registry.org

BackgroundTIAregistry.org is an international cohort of patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke within 7 days before enrollment in the registry. Main analyses of 1-year follow-up data have been reported.⁵ We conducted subanalysis on the baseline and 1-year follow-up data of Japanese patients.MethodsThe patients were classified into 2 groups based on Japanese ethnicity, Japanese (345) and non-Japanese (3238), and their baseline data and 1-year event rates were compared. We also determined risk factors and predictors of 1-year stroke.ResultsCurrent smoking, regular alcohol drinking, intracranial arterial stenosis, and small vessel occlusion; and hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, and extracranial arterial stenosis were more and less common among Japanese patients, respectively. Stroke risk was higher and TIA risk was lower at 1-year follow-up among Japanese patients. The baseline risk factors for recurrent stroke were diabetes, alcohol drinking, and large artery atherosclerosis. Independent predictors of 1-year stroke risk were prior congestive heart failure and alcohol consumption.ConclusionsThe two populations of patients featured differences in risk factors, stroke subtypes, and outcome events. Predictors of recurrent stroke among Japanese patients included congestive heart failure and regular alcohol drinking. Strategies to attenuate residual risk of stroke aside from adherence to current guidelines should take our Japanese-patient specific findings into account.     

The association of post-stroke neurological improvement with risk of subsequent deterioration due to stroke events

We sought to simultaneously confirm that substantial recovery at day 1 and day 7 after acute ischaemic stroke onset is associated with subsequent neurological deterioration in patients of the Acute Stroke Therapy by Inhibition of Neutrophils randomized clinical trial. Substantial recovery was assessed by improvement in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS). Neurological deterioration was defined as any stroke event or NIHSS worsening from recovery assessment to day 90. After adjusting for age, t-PA and day 1 NIHSS, there was a non-significant tendency of substantial (pre-specified as 75%) recovery at day 1 to be associated with later deterioration [odds ratio (OR) 2.47; 95% CI, 0.95–6.50]. The corresponding OR for substantial (pre-defined as 65%) recovery at day 7 was 1.84 (0.85–3.96). Other thresholds for recovery were significantly associated with later deterioration: >50%, 80%, 90% and 100% for day 1 and >50%, 60%, 70%, 90% and 100% for day 7. The effect of recovery at day 1 was more important than that of later recovery. This study confirms the association between recovery and subsequent neurological deterioration and is the first to indicate the greater importance of acute recovery at day 1 in comparison with later recovery.     

缺血性脑血管病患者血清基质金属蛋白酶水平及影响因素分析

目的 比较急性脑梗死、短暂脑缺血发作(TIA)和陈旧脑梗死患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平并分析其影响因素.方法 缺血性脑血管病患者136例,分为急性脑梗死组57例,TIA组22例,陈旧脑梗死组57例,进行神经功能评分及血压、血常规、血脂、血糖检查.依据ELISA法进行血MMP-9测定.结果 MMP-9水平分别为急性脑梗死患者(444.13±418.46)ng/ml,TIA患者(374.36±278.31)ng/ml,陈旧脑梗死患者(231.11±367.43)ng/ml.急性脑梗死和TIA患者血MMP-9水平明显高于陈旧脑梗死患者(P＜0.05).MMP-9水平与血白细胞水平(r=0.192,P=0.025)、低密度脂蛋白(r=0.261,P=0.002)、收缩压(r=0.232,P=0.006)呈正相关;与高密度脂蛋白(r=-0.219,P=0.011)和血糖(r=-0.254,P=0.003)呈负相关.MMP-9与收缩压(β=0.259,P=0.001)、血白细胞(β=0.209,P=0.008)、低密度脂蛋白(β=0.586,P=0.000)、胆固醇(β=-0.458,P=0.007)和血糖(β=-0.200,P=0.014)具有线性关系.结论 MMP-9水平在急性脑梗死及TIA时升高,收缩压、血白细胞和低密度脂蛋白均可能为其影响因素.     

短暂性脑缺血发作患者血浆中TXB2和PGF1α含量检测

本文用放射免疫法测定47例短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者血浆中血栓素B_2(TXB_2)和6酮-前列腺F_(1α)(PGF_(1α))的含量。结果发现TIA患者血浆中TXB_2含量增高,PGF_(1α)降低;头颅CT或MRI示有小灶性梗塞者及TIA发作持续时间长于30min者TXB_2升高和PGF_(1α)降低更显著。治疗3个月后,血浆PGF_(1α)显著增高。TXB_2和PGF_(1α)在体内的失平衡是急性脑血管疾病发病的重要机理之一。     

改进时间差攻击疗法治疗多重耐药阴沟肠杆菌的探究

[目的]研究利用改进的时间攻击疗法治疗多重耐药阴沟肠杆菌引起的感染的效果，并考究其与亚胺培南/西拉司丁治疗及传统时间攻击疗法的药物经济学成本/效果比。[方法]将38例明确诊断为产ESBLs阴沟肠杆菌感染且药敏结果皆为：对哌拉西林、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、左旋氧氟沙星、庆大霉素、妥布霉素、头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、替卡西林/克拉维酸等皆耐药，而对亚胺培南/西拉司丁敏感的患者随机分为改进组、对照组、传统组。改进组患者先与磷霉素4g＋5%葡萄糖100ml于30min静脉滴注完毕后，再过30min立即给予阿米卡星0.4g＋0.9%NS250ml静脉滴注，上述治疗每日1次。对照组患者给予亚胺培南/西拉司丁1g＋0.9%NS250ml静脉滴注，每日3次。传统组患者先与磷霉素2g＋5%葡萄糖50ml静脉给予1h完毕后，立即给予阿米卡星0.2g＋0.9%NS100ml静脉滴注，上述治疗每日2次。疗程最长限为10d，其余检查治疗3组相同。考察3组的细菌清除率以及细菌清除所需的药物费用、不良反应的比较。[结果]改进组细菌清除率与对照组、传统组差异无统计学意义，并且改进组、传统组无不良反应，对照组有1例二重感染；而且改进组与对照组、传统组的细菌清除药物治疗费用差异有统计学意义。[结论]利用磷霉素＋阿米卡星的改进时间攻击差疗法能很好的治疗多重耐药的阴沟肠杆菌引起的感染，并且与采用亚胺培南/西拉司丁治疗方案及传统的时间攻击疗法相比具有较好的成本/效果比。     

Recurrent sleep attacks associated with a craniopharyngioma

Symptomatic narcolepsy, once regarded as common, is now believed to be very rare. A 32-year-old man had a history of recurrent sleep attacks. A magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed a third ventricle tumor. The tumor was totally removed, and the histology was a craniopharyngioma. The symptoms ceased after the operation. The chronological correlation and the anatomical location of the tumor suggest that the patient had a symptomatic narcolepsy caused by the tumor. This is the first report that documents the cessation of narcolepsy attacks after tumor removal.     

TIA磁共振弥散加权成像异常的相关因素分析

目的探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)异常的相关因素。方法对2006年1月～2006年12月临床诊断为TIA的住院患者45例进行回顾性分析,比较DWI异常组和正常组的临床特征,并采用Logistic回归分析判定与DWI异常有关的独立因素。结果DWI异常14例(31%);多元回归分析提示TIA症状持续时间≥1h(OR=2.5,95%CI:1.3～8.6)和症状表现为失语伴运动障碍(OR=8.9,95%CI:2.1～36.5)与DWI异常独立相关。结论TIA患者DWI异常与TIA症状持续时间和症状表现为失语伴运动障碍有关。     

椎动脉形态学异常对后循环短暂性脑缺血发作症状持续时间的影响

目的 探讨椎动脉形态学异常对后循环TIA症状持续时间的影响。
方法 回顾性分析2015年10月-2018年3月在中国科学院大学重庆仁济医院神经内科完成头颈部DSA
或CTA的后循环TIA住院患者临床资料，根据症状持续时间分为<10 min组、10～59 min组和≥60 mi n组，
比较椎动脉形态异常各亚型在3组间的差异。通过多因素Logistic回归分析明确椎动脉形态异常与后
循环TIA症状持续时间之间的关系。
结果 共纳入237例患者，其中症状持续时间<10 min组109例（45.99%）、10～59 min组71例（29.96%）
和≥60 min组57例（24.05%）。一般临床资料的比较显示，性别、椎动脉和基底动脉狭窄率≥50%
在3组间差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。椎动脉形态异常中，动脉粥样硬化性椎动脉狭窄（狭窄
率1%～99%）在3组间的差异具有统计学意义（P =0.004），而一侧迂曲、双侧迂曲、一侧优势、一
侧优势合并迂曲和起源异常在3组间差异均无统计学意义；多因素Logi sti c回归分析显示椎动脉
狭窄（OR 2.500，95%CI 1.381～4.525，P =0.002）、基底动脉狭窄率≥50%（OR 12.066，95%CI
1.446～100.668，P =0.021）是TI A症状持续时间延长的独立影响因素。
结论 椎动脉狭窄和基底动脉狭窄率≥50%是影响后循环TIA症状持续时间延长的独立影响因素。