Aspirin and nonaspirin nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use and occurrence of colorectal adenoma in Black American women

Evidence suggests that aspirin use reduces the occurrence of colorectal neoplasia. Few studies have investigated the association among Black Americans, who are disproportionately burdened by the disease. We assessed aspirin use in relation to colorectal adenoma among Black women. The Black Women's Health Study is a prospective cohort of self-identified Black American women established in 1995. Participants reported regular aspirin use on baseline and follow-up questionnaires. Beginning in 1999, participants reported undergoing a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, the only procedures through which colorectal adenomas can be diagnosed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between aspirin use and colorectal adenoma among 34 397 women who reported at least 1 colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy. From 1997 through 2018, 1913 women were diagnosed with an adenoma. Compared to nonaspirin users, regular users had 14% (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.95) lower odds of adenoma. The odds of adenoma decreased with increasing duration of aspirin use (≥10 years: OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.96). Initiating aspirin at a younger age was associated with a reduced adenoma occurrence (age < 40 years at initiation: OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.55-0.86). Regular aspirin use was associated with a decreased odds of colorectal adenoma in our study of Black women. These findings support evidence demonstrating a chemopreventive impact of aspirin on colorectal neoplasia and suggest that aspirin may be a useful prevention strategy among US Black women.     

A review on gentisic acid as a plant derived phenolic acid and metabolite of aspirin: Comprehensive pharmacology,toxicology, and some pharmaceutical aspects

Beneficial therapeutic effects of phenolic acids have been proven in various research projects including in vivo and in vitro studies. Gentisic acid (GA) is a phenolic acid that has been associated with useful effects on human health, such as antiinflammatory, antigenotoxic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, and especially antioxidant activities. It is an important metabolite of aspirin and also widely distributed in plants as a secondary plant product such as Gentiana spp., Citrus spp., Vitis vinifera, Pterocarpus santalinus, Helianthus tuberosus, Hibiscus rosa‐sinensis, Olea europaea, and Sesamum indicum and in fruits such as avocados, batoko plum, kiwi fruits, apple, bitter melon, black berries, pears, and some mushrooms. This study was undertaken to review the pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetic properties as well as toxicity and pharmaceutical applications of GA.     

Thirty Days of Aspirin for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Is Adequate Following Total Knee Arthroplasty,Regardless of the Dose Used

BackgroundThe optimal length of aspirin prophylaxis to minimize venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the timing of VTE after TKA in patients who received low and high dose aspirin, and determine if 30 days of prophylaxis remains adequate.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed records of 9208 patients undergoing primary TKA between 2010 and 2020 who received either low (81 mg twice daily, n = 4413) or high (325 mg twice daily, n = 4795) dose aspirin for VTE prophylaxis. Symptomatic VTEs occurring within 90 days of surgery were identified from medical records and phone call logs. Major bleeding events (MBE) within the first 30 days were also documented. Time to event was recorded.ResultsOverall, 88 patients (1.0%) developed symptomatic VTE, with no significant differences in incidence between the low (n = 40, 0.9%) and high (n = 48, 1.0%) dose groups (P = .669). The median time to VTE was 8 days (interquartile range [IQR] 2-15.5), median time to deep vein thrombosis was 12 days (IQR 5-18), and median time to pulmonary embolism was 5 days (IQR 1.5-15). There was a similar distribution in time to VTE in both the low and high dose groups. Aside from a single DVT occurring at day 44, all VTE occurred within 30 days of surgery. During the prophylactic time period, 41 patients (0.4%) developed MBE, which tended to occur more frequently (0.6% vs 0.3%, P = .018) and earlier in the high dose group.ConclusionBased on the findings, a 30-day low or high dose aspirin regimen remains optimal for prevention of VTE without increasing MBE in TKA patients.     

阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗进行性脑卒中的效果评价

目的观察进行性脑卒中患者使用阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗的临床效果。方法选取2015年6月—2016年6月某医院收治的进行性脑卒中患者108例作为研究对象,依据随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各54例。对照组使用阿司匹林药物进行治疗,观察组则使用阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷药物进行治疗,经过2周治疗后,对比两组患者临床疗效、神经功能缺损程度、日常自理能力以及不良反应。结果治疗后,观察组患者治疗总有效率(96.30%)高于对照组(83.33%),神经功能缺损程度评分(4.91±1.01)低于对照组(7.69±1.97),生活自理能力评分(86.52±4.36)高于对照组(74.69±4.83),不良反应发生率(7.41%)低于对照组(25.93%,P<0.05)。结论进行性脑卒中患者在接受氯吡格雷联合治疗后,临床效果显著提高,神经功能缺损程度降低,日常自理能力提高,不良反应较少。