Zhang Weishen: A Pioneer in the Development and Industrial Production of Penicillin in New China

The research and development of penicillin started with difficulty before 1949 and achieved certain results. In 1951, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhang Weishen, as the only Chinese scientist who had been trained and worked in a penicillin research and development center in the United States for many years, overcame many difficulties and returned to China. In 1953, with the efforts of Zhang Weishen and his colleagues, China realized the industrialized production of penicillin, alleviating the urgent needs of the masses. Antibiotics has also become the first discipline to achieve major scientific and technological achievements after the founding of the New China. In the mid-1950s, the technical breakthrough in the localization of lactose substitutes marked the localization of the raw materials of the penicillin-producing culture medium, which paved the way for the industrialized production of penicillin with Chinese characteristics. Antibiotics have become one of the most widely used and affordable drugs for hundreds of millions of patients in China, and China has since ended the humiliating history of the “Sick Man of East Asia".     

Preoperative Prophylactic Antibiotics in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: What,When, and How

Although there are numerous nonpatient-related factors that may help reduce infection risk, the proper use of prophylactic antibiotics is most responsible for reducing infection. The role of prophylactic antibiotics is to reduce early periprosthetic joint replacement, which is accomplished by having adequate antibiotic tissue levels at the time of skin incision. The goal of this section of the symposium is to review current antibiotic recommendations, how to manage patients with a self-reported penicillin allergy, review the use of dual antibiotics, discuss the use of antibiotics in the outpatient total joint setting, as well as very briefly discuss the administration of intraosseous antibiotics in knee arthroplasty.     

纤维支气管镜下肺泡灌洗联合注入抗生素对老年重症肺炎患者炎性因子水平的影响

目的观察纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗联合注入抗生素对老年重症肺炎患者炎性因子水平的影响。方法选取佛山市第五人民医院收治的78例老年重症肺炎患者作为研究对象,依据随机数字表法分成研究组(n=39)与对照组(n=39)。对照组行常规治疗,研究组行纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗联合注入抗生素治疗,比较两组临床疗效、治疗前及治疗后1个月炎性因子水平。结果研究组总有效率为92.31%,明显高于对照组的69.23%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,研究组降钙素原、C-反应蛋白及白细胞介素-6水平均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗联合注入抗生素治疗老年重症肺炎患者能提高治疗总有效率,降低炎性因子水平的效果优于常规治疗效果。     

肺胀宁煎联合抗生素治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期临床观察

目的观察肺胀宁煎治疗慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重期的临床疗效。方法选取2018年1月-2019年1月接受诊治的慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者共计60例,采用信封法分为2组,对照组30例,应用左氧氟沙星注射液静点配合对症治疗,试验组30例,在对照组的基础上应用肺胀宁煎,观察2组患者血常规及治疗前后肺功能变化情况。结果治疗后2组血常规情况:白细胞试验组为:(7.21±2.7)×10^9/L,对照组为:(8.25±0.29)×10^9/L,中性粒细胞百分比试验组为:(57.3±10.2)%,对照组为(64.8±11.2)%,数据比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后肺功能水平试验组:(70.1±6.5)%对照组为:(61.4±8.6),明显高于对照组,2组数据比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),结论慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者通过应用肺胀宁煎联合抗生素及对症支持治疗,可有效降低肺内炎性表现,有效恢复患者肺功能水平,提高临床疗效,控制病情,降低耐药性,临床疗效优异,值得临床推广。