严重烧伤混合植皮后异体真皮染色体核型分析

两例严重烧伤女病人，在切痂术和覆盖大张打洞异性异体皮嵌植自体皮１０９ｄ和５０７ｄ后，对所取移植皮片中的异体真皮进行了体外成纤维细胞的培养和染色体核型分折，在染色体标本中，均找到了ＸＹ性染色体的细胞。表明：移植皮片中仍存有供体来源的细胞．结果提示异体真皮的长期存在，并不是全身性因素影响的结果，可能是被嵌入的自体皮岛所具有的一种局部保护性机制。     

免疫抑制剂在异体造血干细胞移植中的应用

异体造血干细胞移植的重要并发症是移植物抗宿主病(GVHD),免疫抑制剂是有效防治GVHD的一类药物.在异体造血干细胞移植后应用免疫抑制剂,使得GVHD发生率下降,严重程度减轻.本文对几类主要的免疫抑制剂的作用机理以及在异体造血干细胞移植中作为预防和治疗GVHD的应用作一综述.     

大鼠卵巢经培养前后异体移植的实验研究

目的：为恢复失去卵巢功能妇女体内性激素的作用,本实验将大鼠卵巢异体皮下移植,观察移植效果。方法：分别将SD大鼠新鲜卵巢及培养后卵巢异体皮下移植。通过观察阴道脱落细胞、子宫重量的变化,移植物的组织形态学及测定血清雌二醇(E2)水平了解卵巢移植鼠体内激素分泌状况。结果：新鲜移植组,3／10只受体鼠阴道脱落细胞显示有雌激素作用,子宫重量及血清E2显著高于去势组,移植物表面无明显血管网形成,组织切片可见大量原始卵泡和及少量发育卵泡。培养后移植组,6／10只受体鼠阴道脱落细胞显示有雌激素作用,子宫重量及血清B水平显著高于去势组,与新鲜移植组无显著差别。移植物表面可见少量微血管分布,组织切片可见较多的发育卵泡。结论：异体皮下移植可降低组织的免疫源性,而经体外培养后可进一步降低免疫源性,利于移植物存活,为临床组织器官同种异体移植提供实验依据。     

Commercially available bone graft substitutes: the impact of origin and processing on graft functionality

Abstract

Development of effective and cost-efficient bone tissue engineering grafts has been the key area of research for regenerative medicine, yet an ideal grafting material has remained elusive due in large part to the highly dynamic nature of bone. A wide array of materials, both natural and synthetic, have been implemented as potential candidates for commercially available products, yet the gold standard for grafting material still remains autogenous bone. We review currently commercially available bone graft materials and relevant graft characteristics that impact the effectiveness of tissue repair, emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages of materials based on composition and origin. Examined materials were selected through a web-based search for readily accessible and clinically applicable graft materials. Grafts were then categorized according to material source to examine advantages and disadvantages associated with allogenic, xenogeneic, synthetic materials. Lastly, the application of bioactive molecules onto these basal grafts is explored to illustrate the enhancement and regulative capacity of these additives on traditional osteobiologic materials.     

去白细胞输血对恶性血液病患者免疫活性细胞的影响

目的：观察应用输血治疗的恶性血液病化疗患者外周血T细胞亚群及NK细胞活性，探讨去白细胞输血对恶性血液病患者免疫活性细胞的影响。方法：将120例化疗期间需要接受输血治疗的恶性血液病患者分为2组：A组59例接受去白细胞输血；B组61例接受常规输血。2组每次的输血量、输血次数及化疗方案基本相同。对2组治疗前后的T细胞及NK细胞活性进行检测，并与对照组进行比较。结果：①恶性血液病患者各项免疫活性细胞表达均低于对照组（P〈0．01）；②治疗前A、B2组免疫活性细胞表达差异无统计学意义，治疗后A组的NK细胞活性明显高于B组（P〈0．01）；A组治疗后CD^3-、CD4^＋、CD4^＋／CD8^＋、NK细胞活性明显高于治疗前（P〈0．05）；③B组发生非溶血性发热反应（NHFTR）率明显高于A组（P〈0．01）。结论：T细胞亚群、NK细胞活性在恶性血液病患者中受到明显抑制；与常规的输血治疗方法相比，去白细胞输血能明显改善恶性血液病患者的细胞免疫功能，尤其是对NK细胞，并能有效预防NHFTR。     

The atrial appendage as a suitable source to generate cardiac‐derived adherent proliferating cells for regenerative cell‐based therapies

Cardiac‐derived adherent proliferating (CardAP) cells obtained from endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) with known anti‐fibrotic and pro‐angiogenic properties are good candidates for the autologous therapy of end‐stage cardiac diseases such as dilated cardiomyopathy. However, due to the limited number of CardAP cells that can be obtained from EMBs, our aim is to isolate cells with similar properties from other regions of the heart with comparable tissue architecture. Here, we introduce the atrial appendage as a candidate region. Atrial appendage‐derived cells were sorted with CD90 microbeads to obtain a CD90^low cell population, which were subsequently analysed for their surface marker and gene expression profiles via flow cytometry and micro array analysis. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays for vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin‐8 as well as tube formation assays were performed to investigate pro‐angiogenic properties. Furthermore, growth kinetic assays were performed to estimate the cell numbers needed for cell‐based products. Microarray analysis revealed the expression of numerous pro‐angiogenic genes and strong similarities to CardAP cells with which they also share expression levels of defined surface antigens, that is, CD29⁺, CD44⁺, CD45^?, CD73⁺, CD90^low, CD105⁺, and CD166⁺. High secretion levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin‐8 as well as improved properties of vascular structures in vitro could be detected. Based on growth parameters, cell dosages for the treatment of more than 250 patients are possible using one appendage. These results lead to the conclusion that isolating cells with regenerative characteristics from atrial appendages is feasible and permits further investigations towards allogenic cell‐based therapies.     

同种异体大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞共培养及多向分化潜能鉴定

目的 探讨同种异体大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞在体外的共培养,并行多向分化诱导鉴定。方法 分别通过全骨髓直接培养法及密度梯度法分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,各传至第3代后,取等量细胞,混合后共培养,共培养之细胞再次传代后,分别进行成骨细胞、成脂肪细胞诱导,并分别行碱性磷酸酶、Von Cossa及油红染色鉴定。结果 全骨髓直接培养法原代细胞形态不均一,但是增殖能力好;密度梯度法分离得到的细胞较为均一,但增殖力不如全骨髓直接培养法。经过3代传代后,细胞均可获得相对纯化。共培养细胞增殖力较好,细胞形态较为均一,且未出现因免疫排斥导致的细胞死亡。共培养之大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞分别经诱导分化为成骨细胞和脂肪细胞形态（分别经碱性磷酸酶、Von Cossa染色和油红染色证实）。结论 采用全骨髓直接培养及密度梯度离心法,经3-5代培养后均可获得相对纯化之骨髓间充质干细胞。同种异体大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞共培养生长良好,不发生免疫排斥,证实该类细胞的免疫原性极低。在体外,大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞可诱导分化为成骨细胞、脂肪细胞,表明它具有多向分化潜能。     

非清髓异基因外周造血干细胞移植治疗老年重型再障报告

目的 :探讨非清髓异基因外周造血干细胞移植 (NAST)治疗老年重型再生障碍性贫血 (SAA)的方法及疗效。方法 :采用非清髓预处理的异基因外周造血干细胞移植治疗老年 SAA患者1例。供受者 HL A配型及红细胞 ABO血型完全相合。预处理方案主要由环胞霉素 A(Cs A)、抗淋巴细胞球蛋白 (ATG)和环磷酰胺组成。用环胞霉素 A和霉酚双酯 (MMF)预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)。采用 STR- PCR定量方法检测供者细胞植入情况。结果 :该例老年 SAA患者顺利度过移植后造血抑制期 ,于移植后第 8天外周血 WBC升至 0 .8× 10 9/ L,第 14天血象三系恢复 ,于移植后第 14天、30天、90天及 180天时检测供者细胞植入率均为完全植入。患者未出现移植物抗宿主病 ,现己无病存活 31个月。结论 :非清髓异基因外周造血干细胞移植简便安全 ,并发症少 ,疗效好 ,为老年 SAA的治疗提供了新手段     

复合皮移植在关节部位深度烧伤中的临床应用

目的观察J-1型脱细胞异体真皮＋自体刃厚皮片（复合皮）移植治疗关节功能部位深度烧伤中的应用效果。方法我科近几年采用J-1型脱细胞异体真皮＋自体刃厚皮片复合移植治疗关节功能部位深度烧伤创面病人11例,其中包括颈部、手部、腕部、肘部、膝部、踝部共26处。结果11例病人26处部位通过复合皮移植,全部成活,无排异反应,创面收缩轻,外观平整,色素成着轻,质地较软,关节功能恢复良好,供区无增生疤痕。结论J-1型脱细胞异体真皮＋自体刃厚皮片复合移植修复深度烧伤创面不失为一种较理想的材料。