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1.
目的 探讨领悟社会支持与心理弹性在临床护士心理应激与职业倦怠间的中介作用。方法 使用领悟社会支持量表、心理弹性量表、心理应激自评量表、职业倦怠量表对1 052名临床护士进行调查。结果 心理应激与心理弹性、领悟社会支持呈显著负相关,与职业倦怠呈显著正相关(r=-0.38,P<0.01;r=-0.41,P<0.01;r=0.66,P<0.01);心理弹性、领悟社会支持与职业倦怠呈显著负相关(r=-0.62,P<0.01; r=-0.60,P<0.01);领悟社会支持与心理弹性呈显著正相关(r=0.60,P<0.01)。领悟社会支持—心理弹性在临床护士心理应激与职业倦怠间具有链式中介作用,间接效应值为0.12,间接效应占总效应比值为15.2%。结论 心理应激既可以直接预测临床护士的职业倦怠,又可以分别通过领悟社会支持、心理弹性的中介作用,以及领悟社会支持—心理弹性的链式中介作用间接预测临床护士的职业倦怠。  相似文献   
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IntroductionEmergency nurses experience occupational stressors resulting from exposures to critical clinical events. The purpose of this study was to identify the critical clinical events for emergency nurses serving 3 patient populations (general, adult, pediatric) and whether the resilience of these nurses differed by the patient population served.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional survey design. A total of 48 emergency nurses were recruited from 3 trauma hospital-based emergency departments (general, adult, pediatric). Clinical Events Questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience scale, and an investigator-developed demographic questionnaire were used to collect data from respondents.ResultsAll respondents were female (n = 48, 100%), and most were White (n = 46, 96%). The average age of participants was 39.6 years, the average number of years as a registered nurse was 12.7 years, and the average number of years as an emergency nurse was 8.8 years. Clinical events considered most critical were providing care to a sexually abused child, experiencing the death of a coworker, and lack of responsiveness by a colleague during a serious situation. The least stress-provoking event was incidents with excessive media coverage. Nurses were less affected by the critical events they experienced more frequently at work. Nurses in the 3 trauma settings had high level of resilience, with no statistically significant differences between groups.DiscussionThe occupational stress from exposure to significant clinical events varied with the patient population served by emergency nurses. It is important that interventions be adopted to alleviate the effect of work-related stressors and promote the psychological health of emergency nurses.  相似文献   
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IntroductionThe emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic in Cameroon, as in Africa and around the world, was marked by a suddenness and unpredictability that fascinated the imagination. The considerable psychic and social repercussions of the pandemic mobilized a significant anguish of death. The sudden onset of the pandemic was followed by spectacular, high-profile deaths that fascinated the imagination, listing it in the order of traumatic events, provoking reactions of astonishment, flight and avoidance.GoalThe objective of this study is to determine the symptomatology of post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as the resilience, associated with the Covid-19 pandemic in the Western Region of Cameroon.MethodologyThe research was carried out following the model of general population mental health surveys. The availability of area frames (sampling) made it possible to opt for probabilistic calculations. First and second year master's students in clinical psychology from Dschang University were involved in data collection. They benefited from a two-day seminar on data collection techniques in the general population. The calculated sample size is 384 households. The anticipated response rate, set at 90%, made it possible to increase robustness and to anticipate a total sample of 424 households, spread over 3 districts of Bafoussam and Dschang, according to the choice previously made. The study followed the ethical provisions of the Helsinki Protocol. The data collection tools used are: the Impact of Event Scale-Revised and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.Results409 subjects were recruited, representing a completion rate of 106.5%. 70.7% of subjects exhibited symptoms of PTSD. These symptoms are more often mild (40.9%) or moderate (25.6%). Women are more affected (73.7%) by PTSD than men (67.9%). In addition to sex and age, area of residence and marital status, appear to be significantly associated with symptoms of PTSD: subjects under 35 years of age have a significantly higher prevalence rate than those over 35; the rate of PTSD is significantly higher in subjects living in urban areas than in those living in rural areas; single subjects are more affected by PTSD (40.1%) than married subjects (26.7%). The average score recorded on the CD-RISC is 64.3, the standard deviation is 15.3 and the coefficient of variation is 24%. This average falls into the second quartile of the distribution, indicating average resilience. CD-RISC scores are not affected by gender, age, marital status, level of education, or occupational status. These characteristics are therefore not factors of resilience.ConclusionThe Covid-19 pandemic has had a psychological impact in Cameroon which has made it a major psychosocial stressor. More than 6 in 10 people have symptoms of PTSD. But this symptomatology is often weak or moderate, testifying to an effective resilience, to balance the traumatic effects of the pandemic.  相似文献   
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目的 探讨脑瘫患儿主要照顾者的疾病不确定感现状,及其与社会支持、心理弹性的相关性。 方法 采取方便抽样,选取300例脑瘫患儿的主要照顾者进行疾病不确定感量表、社会支持评定量表和心理弹性量表的调查。 结果 脑瘫患儿主要照顾者的疾病不确定感得分为(71.25±8.38)分,社会支持得分为(28.12±5.56)分,心理弹性得分为(62.98±4.22)分;疾病不确定感总分及信息缺乏维度与社会支持总分及支持利用度维度,与心理弹性总分及乐观性维度均呈负相关(P<0.05)。 结论 脑瘫患儿主要照顾者的疾病不确定感处于中等水平。医护人员在关注脑瘫患儿治疗和护理时,需评估患儿主要照顾者的社会支持状况和心理弹性状况,引导其建立有效的社会支持系统,降低疾病不确定感。  相似文献   
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ObjectivesConfronted with the potentially traumatic experience of a patients intensive care unit hospitalisation, family members may show positive changes associated with growth in addition to negative impact. This study aimed to identify the level of posttraumatic growth of the family members of neurosurgical intensive care unit patients and to explore its relation to positive personality characteristics, such as gratitude, resilience and hope.Design and settingA cross-sectional study involving 340 family members of patients admitted to the neurosurgical intensive care unit at a general tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China.MethodsBefore the patients’ hospital discharge, the participants completed questionnaires, assessing posttraumatic growth (PTG Inventory), social support (Social Support Rating Scale), resilience (Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale), hope (Herth Hope Index) and gratitude (Gratitude Questionnaire Six-Item Form).ResultsThe mean total posttraumatic growth score was 73.38 (14.02). Hope, gratitude, resilience and social support showed a positive correlation with the posttraumatic growth Inventory scores. There were significant differences in the posttraumatic growth scores of the family members of neurosurgical intensive care patients with respect to their different religious beliefs, payment methods, family relationship quality and presence of chronic diseases among family members. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gratitude, resilience and social support were independent predictors of the posttraumatic growth Inventory score.ConclusionFamily members may experience some degree of posttraumatic growth during hospitalisation of patients in the neurosurgical intensive care units. Gratitude, social support and resilience are predictive factors for posttraumatic growth.  相似文献   
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目的 探讨全膝关节置换患者术前心理弹性现状并分析其影响因素。 方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2021年3月—7月在上海市某三级甲等医院关节外科住院的183例择期行全膝关节置换术的患者作为调查对象。基于心理弹性模型选定潜在影响变量,采用一般资料调查表、西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数、康纳戴维森心理弹性量表、慢性病自我效能量表、希望指数量表、心理困扰量表、社会支持评定量表、医学应对方式问卷进行调查。采用多元线性回归进行心理弹性影响因素分析。 结果 全膝关节置换患者术前心理弹性水平为(59.98±9.20)分。多元线性回归分析显示,患者文化程度(β=0.202,P<0.001)、自我效能(β=0.319,P<0.001)、希望(β=0.363,P<0.001)、屈服应对(β=-0.149,P=0.010)可影响全膝关节置换患者术前心理弹性,共解释68.20%的总变异。 结论 全膝关节置换患者术前心理弹性整体水平较低,临床实践中应重视健康教育与心理辅导,提高患者的自我效能和希望水平,避免消极应对方式,促进患者的手术预后。  相似文献   
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IntroductionThere is limited understanding of how burn injuries at different ages are associated with normal growth and development as well as the burn recovery process. This study provides new useful insights by comparing social participation outcomes among burn survivors injured in childhood compared with injuries sustained in middle age, and older adulthood.MethodsItems from the development of the LIBRE profile were administered to 601 adult burn survivors with ≥5% TBSA burned or burns to critical areas (hands, feet, face, or genitals). Each item was answered on a 5-point Likert scale with higher scores denoting better outcomes. Mean scores for the 6 LIBRE profile scales (sexual relationships, family and friends, social interactions, social activities, work and employment, and romantic relationships) were compared between those burned as children (<18 years) and those burned as adults (≥18 years). Regression analyses were used to assess differences between groups with adjustment for demographic and clinical characteristics.ResultsOf the 597 burn survivors having complete data on age at injury, 165 (27.6%) sustained burn injuries as a child. Those burned as children were more frequently female than those burned as adults (57% vs 47%) and were also more frequently white non-Hispanic (89% vs 77%). Marital status and education level were similar in the two groups. Those who were burned as children had slightly higher scores on the social activities, work and employment and romantic relationships scales. However, these differences did not persist in adjusted regression analyses.ConclusionsBurn survivors who sustained injuries as a child fared at least as well as those burned as adults in a broad range of long-term social participation outcomes. The impact on long-term social participation outcomes of burn survivors was not significantly different between individuals with burns sustained during important developmental stages at young ages and those injured later in life.  相似文献   
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In nursing students, resilience is recognised as a critical quality that will enable them to face and solve the challenges encountered in their studies and future careers. This mixed-methods study aimed to develop a resilience-building module for university nursing students and evaluate its effects on resilience, well-being and mindfulness. We recruited a convenience sample of 195 nursing students and delivered a resilience-building module comprising three 90-minute workshops on the following topics: resilience and emotion regulation, stress management and mindfulness, and burnout and depression. The participants' views and perceptions of the module were explored using pre-test and post-test questionnaires and focus group interviews. No significant changes in outcomes were observed from the pre-test to the post-test. However, a multivariable linear regression analysis indicated that mindfulness was significantly associated with resilience. A qualitative data analysis revealed that the resilience-building module evoked the participants’ awareness of resilience and was considered an enjoyable learning experience. In conclusion, although the quantitative results demonstrated no significant changes in outcomes after the module, the qualitative results suggested that the resilience-building module could have beneficial effects if included in the undergraduate nursing curricula. Finally, better mindfulness was identified as important for enhancing resilience among undergraduate nursing students.  相似文献   
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目的 系统评价有关癌症患者心理韧性发展的真实体验,为更好地制定心理韧性干预方案提供理论依据。方法 计算机检索Cochrane Library、Medline、CINAHL、Embase、PubMed、Web of Science、Psyc INFO以及中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、维普、万方数据库从建库至2019年6月相关的质性研究。采用澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准(2016)对文献进行评价,采用汇集性整合方法进行结果整合。结果 共纳入10篇文献,提炼42个明确的结果,形成8个类别,汇总成3个整合结果。①心理韧性发展是动态循环的过程:危机负性期,调节成长期,积极转化期,循环强化期;②心理韧性的阻碍因素:个体(消极应对,错误认知,症状和体象困扰),环境(传统社会文化,医疗环境,家庭负担);③心理韧性的保护因素:个体(积极心理与应对方式,复原经历,宗教信仰,自我表露,利他主义与行为),环境(家庭因素,医疗照护,人际支持)。结论 心理韧性的发展是动态循环过程,受个体和环境因素影响,医护人员应根据不同阶段的影响因素给予针对性护理措施,促进患者心理韧性的形成和发展,提高患者的生活质量。  相似文献   
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