Accurate detection of reemergent anti-donor ABO antibody is crucial for safe transfusion in ABO major incompatible HSCT patient after achieved the stages of full switch to donor type

Dynamic monitoring ABO chimera including erythroid ABO antigen and anti-A/B is crucial to not only assess the status of erythroid engraftment but also achieve personalized safety transfusion in patients post ABO incompatible hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transfusion support for ABO incompatible (ABOi) HSCT patients after achieved complete alteration to donor origin still remains cautious because the instant hematopoietic status on these transplant patients possibly returned to patient origin derived from early disease relapse and graft loss or failure. We reported that reemergent anti-B in a female patients (donor/patient: B/O) at the early phase after achievement complete donor type were not effectively found from partial automatic ABO blood grouping systems, which directly resulted in differential judgement of transplantation stage for about 15 days and disturbed the optimal recommendation on transfusion support. Meanwhile, the solely alteration of ABO chimera was found and earlier than changes of other markers such as MRD diagnosis, chimerism analysis by STR-PCR and sex chromosome assays, which can be an available predictors for bad transplant outcomes such as graft failure.     

An economic analysis of the cost of survival of micro preemies: A systematic review

ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically review the current literature on the economic costs of micro preemie as well as evidence on the cost-effectiveness of interventions to improve outcomes for micro preemie babies with a birth weight of ≤500 g.MethodWe searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, ECONLIT, Business Source Premier and Cochrane Library for studies reporting costs of micro preemie from January 2000. Costs were inflated to 2019 United States dollars (US$). All full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and a quality assessment of included articles was conducted using the Drummond and the Larg and Moss checklists.ResultsThe search identified three studies that met the inclusion criteria; two cost-of-illness studies and one cost-effectiveness study. Across studies, the mean healthcare spending per micro preemie survivor (in 2019 US$) ranged from US$61,310 (birth admission) to US$263,958 (inpatient and outpatient for the first six months of life). One modelling study reported exclusive human milk diet for micro preemies at birth was more cost-effective compared to the standard approach with cow milk diet from the third-party payer and societal perspectives.ConclusionDespite significant advances in perinatal care and expanded access to life-saving equipment to improve survival outcomes of micro preemie, there remains a paucity of research on economic costs associated with these babies. No study has utilised quality-adjusted life-years as an outcome measure. Given the chronic conditions and long-term neurologic disability associated with micro preemie survivors, an estimate of the lifetime cost to the individual, healthcare providers and society would provide a benchmark of the potential cost-savings that could accrue from cost-effective interventions to improve the survival rate of micro preemies.     

LncRNAs作为ceRNAs在肺癌中的研究进展

长链非编码RNAs(Long noncoding RNAs,lncRNAs)是一类长度在200~100000bp的非编码RNAs,蛋白编码能力缺乏或有限。近几年的研究表明,lncRNAs可通过竞争内源性RNAs(Competing endogenous RNAs,ceRNAs)的机制参与肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡,在肿瘤的发生发展中发挥重要的调控作用。而肺癌是发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,严重威胁人类健康和生命安全。因此本文就lncRNAs形成的ceRNAs网络调控机制在肺癌方面的研究进行简要综述,为肺癌的诊断及治疗提供依据。     

翻转课堂联合CBL教学在中医辨证见习中的应用

目的探讨翻转课堂联合CBL教学法应用于中医学辨证见习教学中的效果。方法将60名学生随机分为两组,每组30名,学生均来自于中南大学湘雅医学院临床医学专业2016级五年制本科。翻转课堂联合CBL教学法被应用于试验组,传统教学模式被应用于对照组,教学效果评价采用理论知识考核与学生满意度调查的双向评价模式。结果试验组的见习内容知识考核卷面成绩和满意度调查得分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论在中医学辨证见习课中,翻转课堂联合CBL教学法的教学效果优于传统教学模式。     

中医适宜技术综合运用对行显微精索静脉结扎术的不育症患者的疗效分析

目的:探讨三项中医适宜技术的综合运用对行显微镜下精索静脉结扎术的不育症患者的疗效影响。方法:68例精索静脉曲张患者随机分为对照组和干预组各34例,对照组采用基础治疗,干预组采用基础治疗加耳穴压豆、雷火灸、中药熏洗三项中医适宜技术治疗。治疗后,比较两组患者疼痛症状缓解程度和精液参数的变化。结果:干预组睾丸疼痛评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义,P0.05;干预组患者精子密度、(A+B)级活动力精子密度和存活率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义,P0.05;说明干预组总体临床疗效优于对照组。结论:对显微镜下行精索静脉曲张结扎术的患者综合运用多项中医适宜技术是非常必要的,有助于改善睾丸疼痛症状,提高术后精液质量,对优生优育具有重要的意义,值得推广。     

基于“翻转课堂”模式的自主学习在人体形态学教学中的探索和实践

人体形态学是由解剖学、组织胚胎学、细胞学融合而来的一门课程,属于广义的解剖学,是实践性很强的一门医学基础课。课程理论知识专业名词繁多,内容繁琐,对于很多刚步入大学的医学生来讲比较枯燥乏味,成绩不理想。为了提高本科护理专业人体形态学教学质量,本教研室对课程的教学方法进行了探索和实践,根据教学内容采用以“翻转课堂”自主学习的教学模式,整合现代化的教学资源,合理利用新媒体技术,在教学上取得了显著的效果。     

Evaluation of Nestin and EGFR in Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme in a Public Hospital in Iran

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV glioma and accounts for 15% of all primary brain tumors. This GBM has a median survival range of less than 2 years after diagnosis and it is highly vascularized by neoformed vessels. Neoangiogenesis is a crucial factor in the malignant tumoral behavior and prognosis of patients and Nestin protein belongs to class VI which is expressed in endothelial cells of neoformed vessels in GBM. Our study shows the correlation between EGFR mutation and Nestin expression in endothelial of neoformed vessels in GBM. Methods: We analyzed 40 GBM samples by immunohistochemistry staining. The immunohistochemical expression of EGFR in tumoral cells and Nestin in endothelial cells in paraffin sections were analyzed. EGFR scoring was the based on staining intensity. Score 0 shows No staining, Score1, mild to moderate staining and score2 sever staining. Microvascular density (MVD) was evaluated with Nestin-immunoreactive. Results: The mean of MVD was 14.6 ±8.25. Nestin-MVD was significantly higher in GBM with sever vascular prolifration (p-value=0.01). EGFR was expressed in 92.5% of samples. The EGFR scoring for tumoral tissue was 7.5%(score:0), 22.5% (score:1) and 70% (score:2). There was a significant relationship between EGFR expression and MVD (p-value=0.017). Conclusion: We suggest that some important mutations as like as EGFR in GBM is responsible for inducing angiogenesis and vascular proliferation. Nestin overexpression as a novel marker might reflect the extent of neoangiogenesis, thus target therapy against EGFR pathway and anti angiogenic may be useful for GBM treatment.     

A guide to oral vaccination: Highlighting electrospraying as a promising manufacturing technique toward a successful oral vaccine development

Most vaccines approved by regulatory bodies are administered via intramuscular or subcutaneous injections and have shortcomings, such as the risk of needle-associated blood infections, pain and swelling at the injection site. Orally administered vaccines are of interest, as they elicit both systemic and mucosal immunities, in which mucosal immunity would neutralize the mucosa invading pathogen before the onset of an infection. Hence, oral vaccination can eliminate the injection associated adverse effects and enhance the person's compliance. Conventional approaches to manufacturing oral vaccines, such as coacervation, spray drying, and membrane emulsification, tend to alter the structural proteins in vaccines that result from high temperature, organic and toxic solvents during production. Electrohydrodynamic processes, specifically electrospraying, could solve these challenges, as it also modulates antigen release and has a high loading efficiency. This review will highlight the mucosal immunity and biological basis of the gastrointestinal immune system, different oral vaccine delivery approaches, and the application of electrospraying in vaccines development.     

MicroRNA组学在中医药研究中的应用

尽管中医学和现代医学在对待疾病的发生、发展、转归认识及观点不同,但中医药治疗某些疾病却有着独到的疗效,多年来一大批中医药爱好者一直致力于寻找中医药发挥治疗作用的机制,人类microRNA组学的研究方法与中医学的整体观有许多相似之处,为中医药研究带来了新的思路与方法。microRNA组学的出现是解释中医药治疗疾病的新概念、新方法、新途径,为中医药作用本质的研究提供了新的切入点。如果将中医药疗效机制与microRNA组学交互融合,必将有助于推动中医药发展的现代化。     

Osteoclast formation from mouse bone marrow cells on micro/nano-scale patterned surfaces

ObjectivesOsteoclasts can sense the surface topography of materials. However, it is difficult to identify the structural factors that affect osteoclast formation and its function. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the type of osteoclast precursor cells also affects osteoclastogenesis in the materials. In this study, we investigated the effects of defined micro/nanoscale patterns on osteoclastogenesis from bone marrow cells (BMCs).MethodsVarious cyclo-olefin polymer (COP) patterns were prepared using nanoimprinting. The effects of shape, size, and height of the patterns, and the wettability of the patterned surfaces on osteoclastogenesis from BMCs were evaluated in vitro.ResultsOsteoclast formation was promoted on pillars (diameter, 1 μm or 500 nm; height, 500 nm). Notably, osteoclastogenesis from BMCs was better promoted on hydrophobic pillars than on hydrophilic pillars. In contrast, decreased osteoclast formation was observed on the nanopillars (diameter, 100 nm; height, 200 nm).ConclusionsWe demonstrated the promotion of osteoclast formation from BMCs on hydrophobic pillars with diameters of 1 μm and 500 nm. Some cellular behaviors in the patterns were dependent on the type of osteoclast precursor cells. The designed patterns are useful for designing the surface of dental implants or bone replacement materials with a controllable balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activities.