Could serum levels of irisin be used in gestational diabetes predicting?

ObjectiveGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder during pregnancy leading to acute and chronic complications in both mother and newborn. The pathogenesis of GDM has not been fully understood, However, since the disease shares risk factors with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a relationship between these two disease states is plausible. The recently discovered peptide irisin has been hypothesized to be a regulator of body metabolism. However, studies ended up with controversial results. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between irisin levels and gestational diabetes mellitus and the possible benefits of the metabolic profile.Materials and methodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of circulating levels of irisin in 100 pregnant women similar for age and body mass index and the groups included 50 gestational diabetic patients and 50 healthy pregnant volunteers. Serum irisin levels were measured by ELISA kit.ResultsMean age and body mass index levels were similar in both groups. Median HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, Glucose 1 h, Glucose 2 h and fasting insülin levels were higher in with gestational diabetic patients compared to the control group. In gestational diabetic group, the median irisin level was lower than in the control group.ConclusionSerum irisin levels were lower in gestational diabetic patients. Further investigations are needed to explore the underlying biological effects of irisin on pregnant women.     

Effect of single bout downhill running on the serum irisin concentrations in rats

Abstract

This study aimed to characterize the effect of different running modes on serum irisin concentrations in rats. A total of 18, 10-week-old rats were divided into three groups; control group, 16° uphill running group (concentric exercise; CON) and, ?16° downhill running group (eccentric exercise; ECC). The running group’s rats ran on the inclined treadmill at 16?m/min, for a total of 90?min. Blood was drawn from the rats, 48?h after running, after which the rats were anesthetized. The serum concentrations of irisin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Vastus intermedius was collected for immunohistochemical analysis. After multiple comparisons, the ECC showed a significantly high serum irisin concentration (ECC: 28.42?±?6.31?ng/ml, CON: 21.27?±?3.03?ng/ml) and a larger irisin antibody reactive cross-sectional area in vastus intermedius compared to the CON (p?<?0.05). This is the first study to reveal that single bout downhill running increases serum irisin concentrations in rats.     

Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on myokine levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background and aimsTo evaluate the change in circulating serum irisin and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after 6 and 12 months of GLP-1 treatment.Methods and resultsEighty-five patients with T2DM inadequately controlled with insulin or other hypoglycaemic drugs were added to dulaglutide (N° = 44) and liraglutide (N° = 41) treatment.After 6 months of GLP-1 analogues a significant decrease in BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (p < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (p < 0.001), HbA1c (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.003), triglycerides (p = 0.017), IL-6 (p = 0.045) and a significant increase in serum irisin (p < 0.001) were observed compared to baseline. After 12 months of treatment no significant differences were found compared to the levels at 6 months. The change in irisin from baseline (Δ_irisin) was significantly related to the changes in total-cholesterol (Δ_total-cholesterol) (r = −0.293; p = 0.020), while the change in IL-6 (Δ_IL-6) was significantly related to the changes in WC (Δ_WC) (r = 0.347; p = 0.006).ConclusionsAdditive treatment with GLP1-analogues results in an increase in serum circulating irisin levels and a decrease in IL-6. The post-treatment change in irisin was correlated with a decrease in total cholesterol, while the change in IL-6 was correlated with a decrease in WC.     

妊娠糖尿病患者血清鸢尾素与胰岛β细胞功能的相关性

目的 探讨妊娠糖尿病(GDM)患者空腹血清鸢尾素(Irisin)与胰岛细胞功能之间的关系。方法 选取2014年10月至2015年4月安徽医科大学第一附属医院妊娠24~32周孕妇100例,根据口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)结果分为GDM组和正常对照组(NGT),采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测各组空腹血清Irisin水平,同时测定各受试者身高、体质量、血脂及OGTT各点血糖指标,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β),分析这些指标与血清Irisin之间的关系。结果 与NGT组相比,GDM组空腹血清Irisin水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。空腹血清Irisin与HOMA-β及高密度脂蛋白呈正相关,与孕前体重指数(BMI)及空腹血糖、1小时血糖、2小时血糖、空腹C肽、HOMA-IR、三酰甘油、极低密度脂蛋白呈负相关。空腹血糖为空腹血清Irisin的独立影响因素。结论 GDM妇女血清Irisin水平下降,与胰岛β细胞功能正相关,和胰岛素抵抗有关,可能参与了GDM的发生发展过程。     

2型糖尿病合并超重肥胖患者血清Irisin水平变化研究

背景 肥胖会导致胰岛素抵抗（IR）的发生进而引发2型糖尿病（T2DM）,严重影响人类健康。鸢尾素（irisin）是一种新发现的肌肉和脂肪因子,在代谢调控中具有重要作用,T2DM合并超重肥胖患者的血清irisin水平会出现何种变化值得研究。 目的 观察T2DM超重肥胖患者血清irisin水平情况,并探讨血清irisin水平变化的影响因素。 方法 选取2019年12月至2021年6月于安徽医科大学第一附属医院内分泌科住院治疗的T2DM患者119例,根据体质指数（BMI）分为糖尿病超重肥胖组（n=78）和糖尿病体质量正常组（n=41）。另选取同期于本院体检且BMI正常的健康者为对照组（n=52）。比较三组受试者一般资料、实验室检查指标及血清irisin水平,采用Spearman秩相关分析探究血清irisin水平与一般资料及实验室检查指标的相关性,采用多元线性回归分析探究血清irisin水平的影响因素。 结果 三组收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、BMI、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、稳态胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。糖尿病体质量正常组血清irisin水平低于对照组,糖尿病超重肥胖组血清irisin水平低于对照组、糖尿病体质量正常组（P<0.05）。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,血清irisin水平与HDL-C呈正相关（rs=0.304,P<0.05）,与SBP、DBP、BMI、TG、HbA1c、FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR呈负相关（rs值分别为-0.271、-0.420、-0.372、-0.164、-0.418、-0.348、-0.293、-0.348,P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示,DBP〔b=-0.049,P=0.011〕、HbA1c〔b=-0.156,P=0.009〕、FINS〔b=-0.21,P=0.038〕是血清irisin水平的影响因素。 结论 T2DM患者血清irisin水平较健康者明显降低,尤其是合并超重肥胖患者,且血清irisin水平与血压、BMI、血脂、血糖及IR等因素存在一定关系。     

鸢尾素在运动改善骨代谢中的作用研究

鸢尾素(Irisin)是运动介导的调控能量代谢的肌肉因子,在治疗肥胖、II型糖尿病、脂代谢和心血管疾病、骨代谢疾病等具有良好的作用。研究发现运动可以促进鸢尾素的分泌, 同时鸢尾素又可以改善骨的代谢。鸢尾素可以直接靶向成骨细胞改善骨代谢,可以调节Runx2、Atf4、Spp1、Sost等骨骼基因改善骨代谢,可以与Wnt 、BMP (MAPK )、OPG/RANKL/RANK信号通路发生级联反应调控骨代谢,也可以增强有氧糖酵解来改善骨代谢。鸢尾素作为改善骨代谢新的肌肉因子,它的出现将极大地促进我们对运动改善骨健康的理解,并为药物治疗骨代谢疾病提供新线索。目前我们虽然证实了运动可以通过鸢尾素改善骨代谢,但是鸢尾素的分泌与运动类型、运动时间、运动强度、人群等因素存在复杂的关系。我们知道鸢尾素可以改善骨代谢,但是鸢尾素改善骨代谢的相关机制还需要更深入研究。骨代谢疾病的出现,迫使我们要加速了解更多合理改善骨代谢的方法。本文将从运动与鸢尾素、运动与骨代谢及鸢尾素与骨代谢方面进行综述,旨在为运动改善骨代谢疾病,骨代谢疾病治疗等方面提供参考和依据。     

肌肉因子Irisin研究进展

Irisin是一种新发现的肌因子,目前为数不多的研究认为它可促进白色脂肪棕色化,加快新陈代谢,从而减轻体重、增加能量释放以及调节葡萄糖稳态,认为它与运动、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗等密切相关,但还存在很多争议和分歧,需要更多的大样本研究去探索Irisin的病理生理机制及其受体的特征,从而为临床治疗肥胖及相关代谢性疾病甚至是阿尔茨海默尔等神经系统疾病寻求新靶点。     

Ursolic Acid-Induced Elevation of Serum Irisin Augments Muscle Strength During Resistance Training in Men

Ursolic acid (UA), a type of pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid purified from natural plants, can promote skeletal muscle development. We measured the effect of resistance training (RT) with/without UA on skeletal muscle development and related factors in men. Sixteen healthy male participants (age, 29.37±5.14 years; body mass index=27.13±2.16 kg/m²) were randomly assigned to RT (n=7) or RT with UA (RT+UA, n=9) groups. Both groups completed 8 weeks of intervention consisting of 5 sets of 26 exercises, with 10~15 repetitions at 60~80% of 1 repetition maximum and a 60~90-s rest interval between sets, performed 6 times/week. UA or placebo was orally ingested as 1 capsule 3 times/day for 8 weeks. The following factors were measured pre-and post-intervention: body composition, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), irisin, and skeletal muscle strength. Body fat percentage was significantly decreased (p<0.001) in the RT+UA group, despite body weight, body mass index, lean body mass, glucose, and insulin levels remaining unchanged. IGF-1 and irisin were significantly increased compared with baseline levels in the RT+UA group (p<0.05). Maximal right and left extension (p<0.01), right flexion (p<0.05), and left flexion (p<0.001) were significantly increased compared with baseline levels in the RT+UA group. These findings suggest that UA-induced elevation of serum irisin may be useful as an agent for the enhancement of skeletal muscle strength during RT.     

Irisin的生理效应及其循环水平的影响因素

鸢尾素（Irisin）是一种新型的肌因子,是由Ⅲ型纤维连接蛋白结构域5（FNDC5）水解后生成的。它可通过增加线粒体解偶联蛋白1（Ucp1）的表达,促进白色脂肪组织（Wat）转化为棕色脂肪组织,从而发挥其主要作用。Irisin分布于人体的各个组织中,在各种代谢异常、衰老、炎症和神经系统疾病中发挥作用。但Irisin的循环水平受饮食、肥胖、运动、药物和不同的病理状况等多种因素的调节。本文主要对Irisin影响身体不同系统功能的机制以及外部因素影响Irisin循环水平进行综述。     

Irisin levels are associated with urotensin II levels in diabetic patients

Aims/Introduction

Irisin is a newly identified myokine that can promote energy expenditure. Previous studies showed that circulating urotensin II (UII) levels were increased in diabetes, and UII could inhibit the glucose transport in skeletal muscle in diabetic mice and aggravated insulin resistance. We presumed that irisin levels are associated with UII in diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods

A total of 71 patients with type 2 diabetes and 40 healthy subjects were recruited. Blood and urinary irisin concentrations were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and UII concentrations were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Every participant''s body composition was analyzed by bioelectrical impedance.

Results

The serum irisin levels were significantly lower in diabetic patients than that of controls, whereas serum UII levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients than that in that of controls. Serum irisin levels were negatively associated with circulating UII, hemoglobin A1c and the natural logarithm transformation of urinary albumin excretion, whereas serum irisin was positively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and urinary irisin were positively associated with urinary UII. Furthermore, circulating irisin is positively associated with muscle mass, whereas circulating UII is negatively associated with muscle mass in diabetic patients. Hemoglobin A1c and circulating UII are independent determinants of circulating irisin by multiple regression analysis.

Conclusions

The present results provide the clinical evidence of an association between irisin and UII in diabetic patients. Hemoglobin A1c and circulating UII are independent determinants of circulating irisin. Our results hint that UII and high glucose might inhibit the release of irisin from skeletal muscle in diabetic patients.