Fine particulate matter and incidence of metabolic syndrome in non-CVD patients: A nationwide population-based cohort study

Background

It has been reported that particulate matter (PM) is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) while metabolic syndrome is also an important risk factor for CVD. However, few studies have investigated the epidemiological association between PM and metabolic syndrome.

171例高血压患者血脂,脂蛋白及载脂蛋白水平的分析

本文就171例HBP患者血脂、脂蛋白及载脂蛋白水平与155例正常人进行比较分析发现:HBP患者WI、TG及apoB较对照组显著升高,TC无明显差别,HDL-C、HDL_2-C及apoAI显著降低、正常男性TC、TG和apoB随年龄增长呈升高趋势,女性TC、TG和LDL-C则在50岁以后开始升高。而HBP患者除男性apoB随年龄增加而升高外,其余各项,不分男女,均无随年龄增减而变化的趋势。     

国产与进口阿托伐他汀治疗高脂血症的比较

目的:比较国产与进口阿托代他汀治疗高脂血症的疗效。方法:选择原发性高脂血症患者76例,随机分为国产阿托伐他汀(10mg·d~(-1))组和进口阿托伐他汀(10mg·d~(-1))组各38例,均治疗8周。结果:2组治疗4周时总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)均开始显著下降(P<0.01),治疗8周高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)开始显著上升(P<0.05),但2组间比较差异无显著意义(P>0.05);不良反应发生率国产组10.5％,进口组7.9％,2组差别无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论:国产阿托伐他汀与进口阿托伐他汀均有明显的调脂效果,两者使用均较安全。     

LDL-C/HDL-C比值及颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄与脑梗塞发病关系的探讨

目的 研究低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)／高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)比值以及颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄与脑梗塞发病的关系，并探讨其预测脑梗塞发生的价值。方法 应用彩色多普勒显保仪对非脑梗塞组患者328例(高血压198例、糖尿病82例、高血压伴糖尿病48例)和脑梗塞组患者260例进行颈动脉检测，观察颈动脉狭窄程度；同时检测两组患者的LDL-C/HDL-C比值水平。结果 脑梗塞组颈动脉重度狭窄发生率明显高于非脑梗塞组(P＜0．01)；LDL-C/HDL-C比值水平及异常率也明显高于非脑梗塞组(P＜0．01)，相关分析显示与甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(Tch)、LDL和HDL-C相比，该比值显示了更有意义的与脑梗塞的相关关系(β＝0．357，P＝0．001)，经多元逐步回归分析显示，与TG、Tch、LDL-C和HDL-C相比，该比值显示了更有意义的回归关系，其标准方程式为：γ(脑梗塞)＝0．339(糖尿病史) 0．278(LDL-C) 0．187(高血压史)(P＜0．贴，复相关系数为0．534)。结论 应用颈动脉超声判定颈动脉重度狭窄和检测LDL-C/HDL-C比值水平及异常率对预测脑梗塞的发生有一定的实用参考价值。     

年轻非糖尿病急性心肌梗死患者血脂代谢异常的特点分析

目的:本研究在于分析低龄急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血脂代谢异常的特点。方法:入选2001年10月-2004年12 月在我院收治的非糖尿病AMI患者230例,按年龄分组:年龄<55岁(I组),共78人;年龄≥55岁(Ⅱ组),共152人。测定血CHO、LDL-C、HDL-C、TG及CK、CK-MB峰值。结果:I组患者HDL-C[(34．8±7．61)mg／dL vs(40．0±13．6) mg／dL,P=0．032]水平明显低于Ⅱ组,有显著的统计学意义。TG水平却完全相反,I组明显高于Ⅱ组[(144．01±80．8) mg／dL vs(113．79±60．6)mg／dL,P=0．002],也有显著的统计学意义。LDL-C[(110．6±32．9)mg／dL vs(108．39± 32．13)mg／dL,P=0．597]和TC[(176．88±37．97)mg／dL vs(175．78±39．11)mg／dL,P=0．864]水平两组间没有显著性差异。讨论:所有入选的心肌梗死患者均为非糖尿病患者,其HDL-C均值都低于60mg／dL的水平,而且在I组中患者 HDL-C的水平较Ⅱ组更低,不到40mg／dL,同时与Ⅱ组相比TG水平偏高。非糖尿病急性心肌梗死患者血脂代谢紊乱在不同的年龄存在着不同的特点;年轻患者的血脂紊乱以低HDL-C和高甘油三酯为特点;分析原因考虑年轻患者与老龄患者生活方式的不同所致的饮食差异有关。结论:年轻非糖尿病AMI患者血脂代谢紊乱的特点与老年患者相比HDL- C更低而TG较高,两组LDL没有明显差异。     

The association of non-HDL cholesterol with the presence of metabolic syndrome in North Indian subjects with and without CAD

Aim: The present study aims to identify which lipid parameter is significantly associated with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and also to find out the association of non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) with the presence of MetS in North Indian subjects with and without CAD.

Subjects and methods: One hundred and thirteen CAD and 140 non-CAD (controls) aged 35–75 years were recruited for the study, matched for ethnicity and geography after obtaining their written informed consent. The CAD patients were identified based on their medical diagnostic history. Height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, blood pressures (systolic and diastolic) and lipid profile were measured for all the subjects.

Results: Sixty-nine out of 113 (61.06%) of CAD and 52/140 (37.1%) of non-CAD had MetS. Age standardized prevalence of MetS was 23.2% and 16.1% in CAD and non-CAD individuals, respectively. Age standardized prevalence of metabolic abnormalities in the CAD group was in the order of abdominal obesity>non-HDL-C>systolic blood pressure (SBP) > triglyceride (TG) > total cholesterol (TC) > diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) > High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C). Non-HDL-C, TG and HDL-C were found to be significantly associated with MetS.

Conclusions: TG and HDL-C are established risk components included in the characterization of MetS; but significant association of non-HDL-C with MetS in the present study is a key finding. The study focuses on the use of non-HDL-C as a simple screening tool to identify individuals with clustering metabolic abnormalities which increase the propensity for CAD.     

Use of the plasma triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio to identify cardiovascular disease in hypertensive subjects

This analysis evaluated the hypothesis that the plasma triglyceride (TG)/high–density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration ratio can help identify patients with essential hypertension who are insulin–resistant, with the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profile associated with that defect. Data from a community–based study developed between 2003 and 2012 were used to compare CVD risk factors and outcome. Plasma TG/HDL-C cut–points of 2.5 (women) and 3.5 (men) subdivided normotensive (n = 574) and hypertensive (n = 373) subjects into “high” and “low” risk groups. Metabolic syndrome criteria (MetS) were also used to identify “high” and “low” risk groups. The baseline cardio–metabolic profile was significantly more adverse in 2003 in “high” risk subgroups, irrespective of BP classification or definition of risk (TG/HDL-C ratio vs. MetS criteria). Crude incidence of combined CVD events increased across risk groups, ranging from 1.9 in normotensive–low TG/HDL-C subjects to 19.9 in hypertensive–high TG/HDL-C ratio individuals (P for trends <.001). Adjusted hazard ratios for CVD events also increased with both hypertension and TG/HDL-C. Comparable findings were seen when CVD outcome was predicted by MetS criteria. The TG/HDL-C concentration ratio and the MetS criteria identify to a comparable degree hypertensive subjects who are at greatest cardio–metabolic risk and develop significantly more CVD.     

银杏叶提取物EGb761对铜与高胆固醇共处理家兔主动脉病变的影响

目的 观察银杏叶提取物EGb761对铜和高胆固醇诱导的家兔主动脉病变的保护作用.方法 采用Sparks的方法复制铜和高胆固醇家兔模型,EGb761以50 mg·kg-1·d-1的剂量灌胃3 w后,苏丹Ⅲ和HE染色观察主动脉的大体和镜下形态改变,图像分析测量动脉粥样硬化面积占主动脉面积的百分比,酶法检测血清总胆同醇(TC)、甘油三酯( TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,硫代巴比妥酸( TBA)法测定血清丙二醛(MDA)水平,实时定量RT-PCR法检测肝组织LDLR和LR PI mRNA表达.结果 模型组主动脉可见明显的动脉粥样硬化改变,EGb761组动脉粥样硬化病变较模型组减轻,图像分析结果显示,EGb761组斑块面积百分比显著降低,与模型组相比差别具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).模型组血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C和MDA水平均显著升高,与正常组相比差别具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);EGb761组血清LDL-C和MDA水平均显著降低,与模型组相比差别具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).EGb761组肝组织LRPI mRNA表达显著升高,与模型组相比差别具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 EGb761具有改善动脉粥样硬化病变的作用,其作用机制与调节血脂水平和抗过氧化损伤有关.