柴芍六君子汤治疗消化性溃疡的随机平行对照研究

目的:观察柴芍六君子汤治疗消化性溃疡的临床症状改善、胃镜疗效、组织学炎症改善等方面的疗效。方法:采用随机平行对照方法对经胃镜检查确诊为消化性溃疡患者进行分析,对照组给予埃索美拉唑治疗,治疗组在上述治疗的基础上予柴芍六君子汤,疗程6周。结果:两组临床总有效率、血清胃泌素(Gas)比较均有统计学意义。结论:柴芍六君子汤治疗消化性溃疡能够发挥协同作用、增强疗效,降低不良反应,值得推广。     

消化性溃疡,胃癌患者胃窦粘膜中胃肠激素含量变化及其意义

研究了胃十二指肠疾病患者胃窦粘膜胃泌素（Ｇａｓ）、生长抑素（ＳＳ）、Ｐ－物质（ＳＰ）的含量变化及其意义。结果表明：胃窦粘膜ＳＳ含量在胃溃疡组低于其余各组（Ｐ均〈０．０５），而在胃癌时则显著增高（Ｐ〈０．００１）；ＳＰ浓度在十二指肠溃疡组显著低于其余各组（Ｐ均〈０．０５）；胃癌患者Ｇａｓ水平显著高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）；ＳＳ与ＳＰ在十二指肠溃时呈明显负相关。提示：胃粘膜中Ｇａｓ、ＳＳ、ＳＰ的含量变     

The Effects of Capsaicin on Gastrin Secretion in Isolated Human Antral Glands: Before and After Ingestion of Red Chilli

Background Capsaicin is known to have regulatory effects on gastrointestinal functions via the vanilloid receptor (VR1). We reported previously that endocrine-like cells in the human antrum express VR1. Aim To identify VR1-expressing endocrine-like cells in human antral glands and to examine whether stimulation with capsaicin causes release of gastrin, somatostatin, and serotonin. Further, to investigate the effects of a chilli-rich diet. Methods Gastroscopic biopsies were received from 11 volunteers. Seven of the 11 subjects agreed to donor gastric biopsies a second time after a 3-week chilli-rich diet containing 1.4–4.2 mg capsaicin/day. VR1-immunoreactive cells were identified by double-staining immunohistochemistry against gastrin, somatostatin, and serotonin. For the stimulation studies, we used an in vitro method where antral glands in suspension were stimulated with 0.01 mM capsaicin and physiological buffer was added to the control vials. The concentrations of secreted hormones were detected and calculated with radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results The light microscopic examination revealed that VR1 was localized in gastrin cells. The secretory studies showed an increase in release of gastrin and somatostatin compared to the control vials (P = 0.003; P = 0.013). Capsaicin-stimulation caused a consistent raise of the gastrin concentrations in the gland preparations from all subjects. A chilli-rich diet had an inhibitory effect on gastrin release upon stimulation compared to the results that were obtained before the start of the diet. Conclusion This study shows that capsaicin stimulates gastrin secretion from isolated human antral glands, and that a chilli-rich diet decreases this secretion.     

高良姜不同提取部位对实验性胃溃疡的影响及作用机理研究

目的:筛选高良姜抗胃溃疡有效部位,探讨抗溃疡作用机理。方法:将高良姜提取分离为不同部位,观察各部位对无水乙醇、阿司匹林诱导的小鼠胃溃疡模型溃疡指数、胃组织病理切片、血浆胃泌素(GAS)、白介素1(IL-1)、环氧酶2(COX-2)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)的影响。结果:与模型组小鼠比较,高良姜水提物、80%乙醇洗脱物可以显著减少胃溃疡模型小鼠的胃溃疡指数,显著降低血浆GAS、IL-1、TNF-α浓度,显著升高血浆COX-2、PGE2浓度,30%乙醇洗脱物、95%乙醇洗脱物对溃疡指数无显著影响,但可调节血浆GAS、IL-1、PGE2浓度。结论:高良姜各提取分离部位中水提物、80%乙醇洗脱物具有较好的抗胃溃疡效果,抗溃疡作用可能通过减少血浆GAS、IL-1、TNF-α浓度,提高血浆COX-2、PGE2浓度产生。     

Radioimmunoassay of Gastrin: Specificity of Gastrin Antisera

Antisera for use in a gastrin radioimmunoassay have been prepared in two ways and their specificity compared. Antibodies to porcine antral gastrin were found to be specific for the N-terminal portion of the molecule; there was no cross-reaction with pentagastrin or pancreozymin. Antibodies to the C-terminal gastrin tetrapeptide, however, cross-reacted with pentagastrin and pancreozymin on an equimolar basis. Neither antiserum cross-reacted with secretin, insulin, or glucagon. The gastrin-specific antiserum can be used in a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for gastrin.     

Presence of Gastric Autoantibodies Impairs Gastric Secretory Function in Patients with Helicobacter pylori-positive Duodenal Ulcer

Background: Although the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric autoimmunity is now well established, to date little is known about the significance of anticanalicular autoantibodies in patients with duodenal ulcer (DU). We therefore investigated the prevalence of serum antiparietal cell autoreactivity in DU patients as well as the relationship between these autoantibodies, gastric histopathology and gastric secretory function in this setting. Methods: Forty-one consecutive patients with H. pylori-positive DU were initially recruited. In all patients, basal (BAO) and pentagastrin stimulated acid output (PAO), fasting and meal-induced serum gastrin levels, as well as serum pepsinogen I concentrations, were measured. Antral and body gastritis was evaluated according to the Sydney system. Serum anticanalicular autoreactivity was determined by the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Results: Serum anticanalicular autoantibodies were found in 7 out of 34 patients (20%). The presence of these antibodies was associated with a significantly higher grade of body gastritis (activity: 1.9 versus 0.9) as well as with significantly higher fasting and meal stimulated gastrin levels (mean fasting gastrin, 76.4 (15.2) pg/ml versus 59.3 (20.5) pg/ml). In addition, PAO values were significantly lower in patients with gastric autoantibodies than in those without this autoreactivity (mean 0.35 (0.16) mmol kg^-1 h^-1 versus 0.49 (0.16) mmol kg^-1 h^-1). In contrast, no significant differences were found between patients with and without anticanalicular autoantibodies as regards fasting serum pepsinogen I concentrations. Conclusions: Serum anticanalicular autoantibodies can be detected in 20% of patients with DU and are associated with a more severe pattern of body gastritis, higher gastrin levels and decreased peak acid secretion values. Their presence could account for the normal or reduced acid output which can be seen in a subset of DU patients.     

Influence of hypergastrinemia secondary to long-term proton pump inhibitor treatment on ECL cell tumorigenesis in human gastric mucosa

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy causes hypergastrinemia, which could promote the development and progression of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Concerns have been raised about the safety of long-term PPI use due to a possible increased risk of NETs. This study aimed to investigate the association between hypergastrinemia and the risk of NETs. Twenty outpatients presenting with serum gastrin levels greater than 400 pg/mL after long-term PPI treatment were registered in this study. Immunohistochemical analyses for chromogranin A (CgA), Ki67, gastrin and CCK/B gastrin receptor (CCKBR) were performed, and positive cell numbers were counted. There were no NET or gastric epithelial neoplasia cases observed among any of the 20 patients examined throughout the PPI treatment period. Histologically, ECL cell hyperplasia were shown in all patients. However, no relationship was found between serum gastrin levels and the number of CgA positive ECL cells. There was also no relationship between serum gastrin levels and the proportion of Ki67 positive cells or the density of CCKBR positive cells. The data indicate no relationship may exist between NETs and hypergastrinemia secondary to PPI treatment in patients having no, or mild, atrophic gastritis.     

胃癌患者不同术式术后血清胃泌素、神经降压素和胃动素的变化

目的　检测胃癌术后不同手术方式对血清胃泌素、胃动素和神经降压素的影响。方法　应用放射免疫法测定了胃癌患者远端胃切除、近端胃切除和全胃切除后血清胃泌素、血浆胃动素和神经降压素的含量。结果　近端胃切除患者血清胃泌素明显高于远端胃切除组和全胃切除组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而三组间血浆神经降压素、胃动素无明显差异。三组不同术式胃切除后患者血浆神经降压素均明显低于正常值 (P <0 0 1)。结论　胃癌不同手术方式术后血清胃泌素含量不同 ,而对血浆胃动素与神经降压素浓度无明显影响     

根除幽门螺杆菌对消化性溃疡合并胃炎及胃泌素的影响

目的 :评估胃舒散联合呋喃唑酮、阿莫西林对消化性溃疡 (PU)患者Hp根除的效果及其对溃疡合并胃炎、血清胃泌素(Gas)的影响。方法 :77例Hp阳性十二指肠溃疡组 (DU ,52例 )和胃溃疡组 (GU ,2 5例 )患者 ,均服用胃舒散 2 .0g(含铋 0 .1 2g) ,呋喃唑酮0 .1g,阿莫西林 0 .5g ,各 3次 /d ,2周后再继服胃舒散 4周。治疗前及疗程结束 1月后进行内镜检查并对胃窦、胃体胃炎予以内镜下评分。采用放射免疫法于治疗前及结束 1月、6月后检测胃泌素水平。结果 :DU组与GU组溃疡愈合率分别为 1 0 0 %和 92 % ,Hp根除率分别为 90 .3 %和 84.0 % ,二组比较差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5)。将根除Hp的 47例DU和 2 1例GU患者分为 2组 ,治疗前 2组胃窦胃炎的评分差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5) ;GU组胃体胃炎的评分显著高于DU组 (P <0 .0 0 1 ) ;血浆中胃泌素含量 (DU组 39.4± 1 3 .6pg/ml;GU组38.4± 1 2 .3pg/ml)均显著高于正常对照值 (2 8.5± 1 0 .6pg/ml,P <0 .0 5)。Hp根除 1月后 ,2组患者胃窦胃炎与胃体胃炎的评分均显著下降 ,与治疗前自身比较 ,差异有统计学意义 (均P <0 .0 0 1 )。DU组Hp根除治疗 1月后 ,胃泌素水平显著下降到 32 .7± 1 0 .5pg/ml (P <0 .0 5)。GU组Hp根除 1月后 ,胃泌素水平有所下降 ,但与治疗前相比 ,差     

胃十二指肠疾病与血浆激素关系的初步研究

对64例胃十二指肠疾病患者(包括慢性残表性胃炎23例,萎缩性胃炎5例,胃溃疡10例,十二指肠溃疡14例及胃癌12例)的血浆生长抑索(SS)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)、胃动素(MTL)及血清胃泌素(Gas)的研究表明,血浆SS水平在胃十二指肠溃疡组及胃癌组均低于正常对照组(P<0.001);血浆VIP浓度在胃溃疡时升高最明显,与正常组及各疾病组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01);十二指肠溃疡及胃癌组的血浆MTL含量均高于正常对照组(P<0.05);血清Gas水平在浅表性胃炎和萎缩性胃炎时均高于正常对照组(P<0.01).