A randomized controlled trial: Comparison of one-per-mil tumescent technique and tourniquet in surgery for burn hand contracture in creating clear operative field and assessment of functional outcome

BackgroundThis study aims to compare the use of one-per-mil tumescent solution (a mixture of epinephrine and 0.2% lidocaine in a ratio of 1:1,000,000 in normal saline solution) and tourniquet to create clear operative fields and to evaluate the functional outcomes after post burn hand contracture surgery.MethodsThe subjects of this randomized controlled trial were divided into one-permil tumescent technique and tourniquet group for a similar surgical procedure. Three independent assessors evaluated the clarity of the operative fields through recorded videos for the first 15 min and the first 10-minute of each hour of the surgery. Functional outcome was evaluated at least three months postoperatively using total active and passive motion (TAM and TPM) of each digit. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were tested during baseline (5 min before the procedures), ischemia phase, and reperfusion phase (a phase when the blood flow returned to the tissue).Results35 subjects were included in this study: 17 in the tumescent group and 18 in the tourniquet group. We found a significant difference in the clarity of operative field between tumescent and tourniquet groups, 5 vs 35 bloodless operative fields, respectively (p < 0.05). TAM and TPM of each digit before surgery and 3 months postoperatively showed no significant difference between both groups (p > 0.05). Furthermore, we found no difference in MDA and TNF-α levels between both groups at their respective phases.ConclusionsThe use of one-per-mil tumescent technique does not replace tourniquet use to create bloodless operative fields in burned hand contracture surgery. However, the postoperative functional results were similar in both groups showing that tumescent technique can be used as an alternative to tourniquet without compromising outcomes. The MDA and TNF-α examinations do not provide conclusive outcomes regarding ischemia and reperfusion injury.     

待分类的精神病性和非精神病性精神障碍与精神分裂症的对比分析

目的 探讨待分类的精神病性和非精神病性精神障碍临床特征。方法 对待分类的精神病性和非精神病性精神障碍与精神分裂症临床资料进行对比分析。结果 待分类的精神病性障碍与精神分裂症在发病年龄、复发率、阳性家族史、治疗和疗效上无显著性差异；待分类的非精神病性精神障碍在复发率、阳性家族史及治愈率上与前两者有显著性差异。结论 待分类的精神病性障碍与精神分裂症可能具有同源性，部分非精神病性精神障碍与两者可能不同源。     

Alterations of G-protein Coupling Function in Phosphoinositide Signalling Pathways of Rat Hippocampus by Ischaemic Brain Injury

The activation of membrane-associated phospholipase C is rapidly and transiently induced in the central nervous system by a variety of stimuli. Ischaemic brain injury is one of the situations that leads to a dramatic increase in polyphosphoinositide (PPI) turnover. In this study, stimulation of PPI hydrolysis by glutamate (500 μM) was measured in hippocampal slices from rats up to 21 days after an ischaemic insult of 30 min. Ischaemia was induced using the four-vessel occlusion method. PPI hydrolysis elicited by glutamate was significantly increased in the slices prepared from ischaemic rats 24 h after reperfusion, the accumulation of inositol phosphates (InsP_s) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP₃) was 614±74% ( n = 8) and 182±11% ( n = 9) of the basal level respectively. This potentiation was also observed 21 days after ischaemia. Hyper-responsiveness to glutamate was also accompanied by an increase in AIF⁻₄-stimulated formation of [³H]inositol phosphates. In addition, global ischaemia did not change either high-affinity [³H]glutamate binding in hippocampal membranes or the stimulation of PPI hydrolysis by carbachol or noradrenaline in hippocampal slices. The present results suggest that the increased responsiveness to glutamate is the result, at least in part, of functional changes at the G-protein level, and may contribute to the pathophysiology of ischaemic brain injury or to the regenerative phenomena that accompany ischaemic damage.     

丹红与疏血通结合早期康复治疗对急脑梗死患者运动及生活活动能力的影响

目的:应用丹红与疏血通结合早期康复治疗急脑梗死患者,观察其对急性脑梗死偏瘫患者运动及生活活动能力的影响。方法:选择急性脑梗死偏瘫患者80例,随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组在给予丹红与疏血通静脉滴注治疗的同时进行规范的康复训练,对照组给予丹参和曲克芦丁静脉滴注及未经指导的自我锻炼,在患者入组时和30天后分别进行有关的功能评定,评价两组的疗效。结果:治疗前两组的一般资料、运动功能与日常生活活动能力的评定无显著性差异(P>0.05),经过30天治疗后,两组运动能力、巴氏指数均有改善,其改善幅度康复组要明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:丹红与疏血通结合早期康复治疗,有助于改善急性脑梗死偏瘫患者的运动及生活活动能力。     

严重Pilon骨折的手术治疗

目的总结严重Pilon骨折的不同手术方法、手术时机及治疗效果。方法对2000～2004年进行手术治疗的123例严重Pilon骨折患者进行回顾性研究。开放性损伤24例,闭合性损伤99例;均为Rüedi-Allgwer分型Ⅲ型。根据骨折的不同形态和软组织损伤情况分别采用胫骨三叶草钢板 腓骨1/3管形板固定,胫骨三叶草钢板 胫骨克氏针固定,腓骨1/3管形板或克氏针固定 胫骨超关节外固定支架固定,多枚克氏针内固定。结果所有患者均获得8～36个月(平均19.6个月)随访。骨愈合时间12～36周,平均13.4周。应用Tenny评分系统评估治疗效果,优22例,良64例,可27例,差10例;优良率为69.9%。术后5例出现皮肤坏死;4例感染;6例过下胫腓联合的螺丝钉断裂;3例骨延迟愈合;1例过早负重,出现骨折端畸形愈合。结论严重Pilon骨折根据不同的骨折类型、软组织损伤程度及医疗条件选择不同的手术方式和手术时机,均可取得良好的治疗效果。     

甲磺酸帕珠沙星对氨茶碱在兔体内药动学影响的研究

 目的研究甲磺酸帕珠沙星对兔体内氨茶碱药动学的影响。方法采用自身对照法,以HPLC测定兔单用氨茶碱及与甲磺酸帕珠沙星合用后的茶碱血清浓度,计算药动学参数。结果经BAPP2.3药动程序拟合,甲磺酸帕珠沙星使兔血清中茶碱的曲线下面积AUC由152.0mg·h·L^-1增加到361.4mg·h·L^-1;半衰期t_1/2由2.292h延长至6.823h;MRT由4.944h延长到9.383h,均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论家兔体内合用甲磺酸帕珠沙星对氨茶碱的消除药动学有显著抑制作用。     

麻痹性痴呆的临床特征与诊断(附2例报告)

目的探讨麻痹性痴呆的临床特征，以及实验室及影像学检查在诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析2例麻痹性痴呆患者的临床资料，并结合文献进行讨论。结果主要临床表现为隐匿起病，进行性加重性痴呆、精神障碍、癫痫发作等；2例患者均被误诊。血清及脑脊液快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验（RPR）阳性，梅毒螺旋体明胶凝集试验（TPPA）阳性，头颅MRI主要表现为弥漫性脑萎缩。结论麻痹性痴呆的临床表现复杂多变，早期误诊率高；诊断主要根据临床特点、血清学及脑脊液检查综合考虑。     

谷氨酰胺对内毒素血症大鼠小肠营养作用的实验研究

35只大鼠随机分为四组 ,A组为正常对照组 ,B组为谷氨酰胺肠外营养组 (Gln TPN) ,C组为不含Gln的常规TPN组和经肠道营养的D组。内毒素以每天每公斤体重 2mg的剂量 ,混入营养液或等渗盐水中 ,持续滴注 5d。结果显示 ,B组肠壁蛋白质和DNA含量高于C组 ,其中回肠蛋白质含量有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5)。在绒毛高度、小肠粘膜及全层厚度等指标B组也明显优于C组 (P <0 .0 5) ,经肠道营养的D组在上述组织学观察数值上均与正常组相近 ,且粘膜厚度、绒毛高度均超过正常值 (P <0 .0 5)。B、D两组肠道细菌易位率均低于C组 (P <0 .0 5)。研究结果表明 ,加入Gln的TPN有助于防止内毒素血症大鼠肠粘膜萎缩及细菌易位。早期应用经肠道营养更具有积极的生理意义     

可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1在妊娠期高血压疾病中的作用

目的:探讨可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1在妊娠期高血压疾病患者血浆中的变化,为临床诊治提供依据。方法:用ELISA法检测29例妊娠期高血压疾病患者血浆中可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1水平,并与正常妊娠组和正常对照组进行组间比较。结果:子痫前期组、妊娠期高血压组、正常妊娠组晚期及正常对照组的可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1水平分别为1129.82±399.16、794.35±255.57、661.51±301.79及549.23±139.98ng/ml。组间比较,子痫前期组与妊娠期高血压组之间P<0.05,与正常妊娠组晚期及正常对照组之间P<0.001;妊娠期高血压组与正常对照组之间P<0.001;妊娠期高血压组与正常妊娠组晚期相比P>0.05,正常妊娠组3个不同孕龄阶段P>0.05。结论:可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1在妊娠期高血压疾病时显著升高,并随病情的加重而增高,可作为该病诊断和监控的一项指标。