舒适护理在手外科患者中的应用

目的：探讨舒适护理在手外科患者中的应用效果。方法将60例手外科患者随机分为两组,均予以常规护理干预,研究组在此基础上予以舒适护理,观察1周。采用焦虑自评量表评定两组患者的焦虑情绪,同时统计两组患者的满意度。结果住院1周末两组患者焦虑自评量表评分均较入院时显著下降（P＜0.01）,研究组较对照组下降更明显（P＜0.05）,研究组满意率显著高于对照组（ P＜0.05）。结论将舒适护理应用于手外科可显著缓解患者的焦虑情绪,提高患者的满意度。     

Fathers’ parenting self-efficacy during the transition to parenthood

Background: Little is known about the development of fathers’ parenting self-efficacy during the transition to parenthood.

Objectives: To analyse (1) fathers’ parenting self-efficacy developmental path and (2) the effects of anxious and depressive symptoms and coparenting support on fathers’ parenting self-efficacy developmental path, from the first trimester of pregnancy to 6 months postpartum.

Methods: Eighty-six fathers recruited at the first trimester of pregnancy completed self-report measures of anxious and depressive symptoms, coparenting support and parenting self-efficacy at the first and third trimesters of pregnancy, and at 1 and 6 months postpartum. Growth curve models were performed.

Results: An increase in fathers’ parenting self-efficacy was found from the first trimester of pregnancy to 6 months postpartum. The main effects of anxious symptoms and interaction effects of anxious symptoms and time were found on fathers’ parenting self-efficacy. Fathers with higher anxious symptoms revealed lower levels of parenting self-efficacy at the first trimester of pregnancy and a lower increase of parenting self-efficacy from this time to 6 months postpartum. The main effects of coparenting support were found in fathers’ parenting self-efficacy. At the first trimester of pregnancy, fathers who perceived more coparenting support revealed higher levels of parenting self-efficacy.

Conclusion: The present study may contribute to the literature by describing fathers’ parenting self-efficacy developmental path and the effects of anxious symptoms and coparenting support on fathers’ parenting self-efficacy developmental path during the transition to parenthood.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间消化内镜病人诊疗焦虑状况调查分析

[目的]分析新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间预约消化内镜诊疗病人焦虑状况和消化内镜诊疗相关影响因素。[方法]采用焦虑状态-特质问卷(STAT)通过网络平台对118例预约消化内镜诊疗病人进行问卷调查。[结果]118例病人状态焦虑量表(S-AI)评分为(54.75±9.89)分,为中等焦虑程度,特质焦虑量表(T-AI)评分为(54.08±9.87)分,为平时焦虑情况。80.50%的病人担心未及时内镜检查影响疾病诊疗,73.73%的病人家属支持病人疫情期间来医院检查,76.27%的病人在疫情期间主动推迟检查时间。文化程度和家属是否陪同进行内镜检查会显著影响S-AI得分,周边是否存在疑似或确诊病例与T-AI得分相关。[结论]新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间应加强线上健康宣教,告知病人正确认识疾病,做好个人防护;电话联系预约内镜检查病人并给予心理辅导,取得家属支持并陪伴至胃镜室检查;完善内镜检查前筛查准备;规范内镜室医护人员防护,并学习新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间诊疗规范。     

Tianeptine and paroxetine in major depressive disorder,with a special focus on the anxious component in depression: an international, 6-week double-blind study dagger

Tianeptine (37.5 mg/day) and paroxetine (20 mg/day) were compared in a population of depressive patients without past or current history of co-morbid anxiety and/or important anxiolytic treatment. In a 6-week, double blind trial, the special focus was on anxious symptoms.Both drugs showed good efficacy on depressive symptomatology, assessed with MADRS and HDRS, but no difference was detected between tianeptine and paroxetine, for any assessment criterion. Despite the choice of selected depressive patients, without any co-morbid anxious disorder, anxiety scale scores at inclusion (HAMA and BAS) were appreciable but correlated poorly with depressive scores. Both tianeptine and paroxetine improved the apparent anxious component in depression. Tolerability of both drugs was good, although significantly better with tianeptine.Thus tianeptine and paroxetine are effective and safe treatments for major depression and may also act directly on the anxious component of the psychopathology. Copyright 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

首次住院重型精神病患者亲属焦虑情绪调查分析

目的探讨住院重型精神病患者亲属焦虑情绪的发生率及其影响因素。方法随机抽取130名住院重型精神病患者亲属采用Zung’s焦虑自评量表及自拟问卷进行测试,并进行单因素和多因素逐步回归分析。结果130名家属中焦虑情绪发生率为48.46%。单因素分析显示患者家属的焦虑情绪与同患者关系、家属自身健康状况、家属性格、性别、年龄、文化程度、对患者态度等7项因素相关;多因素逐步回归分析显示影响患者亲属焦虑情绪的主要因素有5相,依次为患者家属健康状况、家属性格、家属年龄、与患者感情、与患者关系。结论精神分裂症患者家属焦虑情绪发生率很高,其发生率高且受多种因素的影响。     

精细化护理在降低住院保胎的试管婴儿孕妇焦虑中的应用效果

目的 探究精细化护理在住院保胎的试管婴儿孕妇中的应用效果。 方法 选取2016年5月—2017年8月某医院收治的80例试管婴儿焦虑心理的孕妇,根据护理方式的不同随机分为对照组(n=40)和研究组(n=40),对照组给予常规护理,研究组给予精细化护理,观察2种护理方式对2组患者焦虑程度的干预效果。 结果 研究组孕妇焦虑程度明显低于对照组,干预效果有效率(92.5%)显著高于对照组(57.5%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 通过精细化护理的干预,有效降低了保胎试管婴儿孕妇的焦虑程度,消除了她们的紧张不安和恐惧感,有利于提高临床治疗效果,值得应用和推广。     

康复期精神病患者抑郁、焦虑症状相关因素分析

本文以多元逐步回归分析的方法，探讨住院精神病患者康复期出现的抑郁、焦虑症状及其影响因素。结果表明：康复期精神病患者的抑郁症状发生率为８１０８％，焦虑症状发生率为２７９２％。研究揭示：住院次数少、患精神分裂症、担心收入减少、女性及文化程度偏高者抑郁症状明显。单位经济效益差、年龄偏大者焦虑症状明显。提示对康复期精神病患者进行心理治疗、心理护理时应特别重视上述患者，并注重发挥社会支持网络的作用。     

心理干预对宫颈癌患者情绪障碍的影响

目的了解宫颈癌患者的心理状态,探讨心理干预对宫颈癌患者情绪障碍的影响。方法对60例宫颈癌患者应用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表,在心理干预前后对其心理状态进行调查。结果心理干预前患者有明显的焦虑、抑郁情绪;心理干预后的患者焦虑、抑郁情绪明显改善（P〈O．05）,60例患者均治疗顺利。结论心理干预可有效减轻宫颈癌患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,提高了患者治疗效果和生存质量。     

Premedication with melatonin vs midazolam in anxious children

Aim: Failure of dental treatment caused by anxiety is a common problem in children. Oral midazolam has been the most commonly used premedication for pediatric patient but the use of midazolam may be associated with paradoxical reactions in children. Melatonin may induce a natural sleepiness and improve sedation. We have investigated premedication with melatonin compared with midazolam in children under nitrous oxide/oxygen (N₂O/O₂) sedation for dental treatment. Methods: In a randomized study, 60 children received either 3 mg of melatonin [Melatonina (3 mg®) 60 min before the procedure (n = 15); group I], 0.5 mg·kg^?1 melatonin 60 min before the procedure (n = 15; group II), 0.75 mg·kg^?1 midazolam [Dormicum (15 mg/3 ml ®) 15 min before the procedure (n = 15); group III] or 3 ml of 0.09 NaCl 15 min (n = 7) or 60 min before the procedure (n = 8; group IV) orally. The children were sedated with 40/60% N₂O/O₂ inhalation. The heart rate and O₂ saturation were monitored during the treatment period. The level of sedation was assessed according to the Ramsay Sedation Scale. The children’s sedation success during dental treatment was classified. The sedation success and other sedation‐related events recorded. Comparisons among the four groups were made using one‐way anova or Kruskal–Wallis test, and if any significant differences were noted, the Tukey’s HSD or Mann–Whitney U‐test were used for intergroup comparisons. All differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. Results: The evaluation of sedation success was as follows: group I: satisfactory (n = 1), average satisfactory (n = 4), and unsatisfactory (n = 10); group II: satisfactory (n = 2), average satisfactory (n = 3), and unsatisfactory (n = 10); group III: satisfactory (n = 9), average satisfactory (n = 6); and group IV: satisfactory (n = 1), average satisfactory (n = 3), and unsatisfactory (n = 11). Conclusion: In these doses and clinical conditions, melatonin was similar to that of placebo and did not contribute to N₂O/O₂ sedation of anxious children.