p53 and BLC2 Immunohistochemical Expression Across Molecular Subtypes in 1099 Early Breast Cancer Patients With Long-Term Follow-up: An Observational Study

Introductionp53 and antiapoptotic B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BLC2) have been proposed as prognostic markers for early breast cancer (BC), although their relationship with conventional parameters and patient prognosis, as well as their distribution within the molecular BC subtypes remains uncertain.Patients and MethodsIn this observational study, we analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of p53 and BLC2 in 1099 early BC patients surgically treated between 2000 and 2006 and followed for at least 5 years, also considering their association with pathologic factors and molecular subtypes, as well as their influence on disease-free survival.Resultsp53 and BLC2 are distributed differently across molecular subtypes (P < .0001); in particular, p53 positivity and BLC2 negativity seems to be associated with more aggressive conventional tumor phenotypes. Moreover, BLC2 negativity seems to be a significant discriminating factor for disease-free survival (P = .003) according to Kaplan-Meier analysis, while p53 seems to have no discriminating effect. Among patients with discordant p53/BLC2 phenotype, the combination p53⁺BLC2⁻ seems to be associated with the worst outcomes (P = .007) and significantly influenced the clinical course of node-negative patients treated only with hormone therapy (P = .004).ConclusionThese two biomarkers, in addition to conventional pathologic factors and molecular subtype, could help define the risk and outcome of BC.     

个体化糖尿病教育对初次使用胰岛素的2型糖尿病患者的疗效评价

目的探讨针对初次应用胰岛素治疗的2型糖尿病患者开展个体化糖尿病教育的临床价值。方法对照组患者开展常规的糖尿病健康教育,观察组则在该基础上开展个体化糖尿病教育。结果两组健康教育前SDSCA-6依从性量表各维度评分较低;健康教育后观察组SDSCA-6依从性量表各维度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);两组健康教育FPG、2 hPG、HbAlc前较高(P>0.05);健康教育后观察组FPG、2 hPG、HbAlc低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对于首次应用胰岛素治疗的2型糖尿病患者进行个体化的糖尿病教育可以有效提升其依从性,并更好的控制血糖水平。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者CYP3A4基因多态性的检测

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)CYP3A4基因的多态性,了解其对芬太尼类药物的敏感性及不同基因型的人群分布特征,指导临床个体化用药。方法对50例OSAHS患者进行CYP3A4基因的多态性检测,采静脉血,通过DNA抽提-PCR扩增-焦磷酸测序方法检测CYP3A4基因。结果野生纯合型型34例(68%),突变杂合型15例(30%),突变纯合型型1例(2%)。结论OSAHS患者中约2%为AA型,该型对芬太尼类药物极其敏感,术后有易发生窒息的风险,应高度警惕芬太尼类药物呼吸抑制的潜在风险。     

珠江三角洲某校高中生心理健康状况调查与管理

目的 调查珠江三角洲（简称“珠三角”）某高级中学学生的心理健康状况，分析比较不同性别、年级、文理分科及成绩排名的学生心理健康状况，推进学生心理健康个体化管理。方法 于2019年11月7日-18日采用中国中学生心理健康量表（MSSMHS）对珠三角某中学全校1 917名高中学生的心理健康状况进行测评，比较该校高中生心理健康状况与常模的差异，分析性别、年级、学习成绩等因素与心理健康的相关性。结果 高中生心理异常检出率为31.4%，各因子异常检出率前三者依次为学习压力感（55.3%）、情绪波动性（52.6%）、焦虑（51.6%），而心理不平衡的异常检出率最低（21.7%）。其中，女生心理异常检出率高于男生（29.2% vs. 33.5%），文科生心理异常检出率高于理科学生（31.1% vs. 27.5%），学习成绩排名一般的学生心理异常检出率最高（43.3%），高一年级学生心理异常检出率最高（36.4%）。结论 珠三角某中学高中生心理健康状况不容乐观，需重点关注高一年级学生、女生以及成绩一般的学生。     

Establishment of a patient-derived Wilms' tumor xenograft model: A promising tool for individualized cancer therapy

ObjectiveLack of appropriate approaches that reliably predict response of Wilms' tumor (WT) to anticancer agents remains a major deficiency in clinical practice of individualized cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to establish a patient-derived tumor tissue (PDTT) xenograft model of WT for individualized chemotherapeutic regimen selection in accordance with the patient's tumor nature.Material and methodsTumor specimens of a primary WT were orthotopically implanted into three nude mice, and after 4 weeks xenografts were harvested for serial heterotopic transplantation in 20 nude mice that were divided into three experimental groups and one control group. In vitro and in vivo chemosensitivity to doxorubicin, actinomycin-D, and vincristine were evaluated. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical examination with desmin, vimentin, myogenin, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were also applied to determine histological stability of the xenograft during serial transplantation compared with the original tumor tissue.ResultsThe xenograft model was successfully established. Histopathologic characteristics of the xenograft tumors were similar to the patient's tumor. Early passage of the PDTT showed a similar chemosensitivity pattern to the original tumor tissue.ConclusionsPDTT xenograft of WT provides an appropriate model for individualized cancer therapeutic regimen selection by means of its biological stability compared with original patient's tumor.     

改良游离牙龈移植技术临床效果评价

目的:评价种植体周围改良游离牙龈移植技术的临床效果。方法:选择36例患者42个下颌后牙区种植位点,种植后颊侧龈缘中点处角化龈宽度均小于2 mm。修复前2个月采用改良游离牙龈移植技术,即供区使用个性化腭护板,受区使用个性化移植物压板。术后观察移植物的成活情况。术后即刻,术后2、6、12个月对种植体颊侧角化龈宽度进行测量。术后1、3、6 d用目测类比法（VAS）记录患者术创疼痛。采用SPSS 25.0软件包对数据进行配对t检验和单因素方差分析。结果:42个种植位点移植瓣均成活。术前种植体颊侧角化龈宽度平均（0.39±0.41）mm,术后12个月平均（4.17±0.43）mm,与术前相比,平均增加（3.78±0.21）mm,平均收缩量为（1.12±0.12）mm。结论:改良游离牙龈移植技术可有效增加种植体颊侧角化龈宽度,术后1年移植物收缩量较小,患者术后疼痛不明显。     

Impact of individualized nutritional counseling on infant and young child feeding practices

BackgroundImproper complementary feeding practices are common in India, thus leading to malnutrition. The objective was to compare complementary feeding practices of mothers with children aged between 6 months and 2 years before and after individualized nutritional counseling.MethodsThis before-and-after interventional study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital between June 2018 and August 2018 on 30 mothers attending an immunization clinic. Feeding practices were assessed using interview techniques with the Breastfeeding Promotion Network of India Maharashtra checklist for Complementary Food Counseling (Diet Audit), and scoring was carried out. Baseline data included history of inclusion of items from food groups such as cereals; pulses; vitamins A, C, and D; vegetables/fruits; milk/dairy products; non-vegetarian items; and iron-rich foods; and consumption of baby feeds and junk foods. Individualized counseling was given to all study subjects, which lasted for 30–40 min. Models of various food items were shown to mothers. Feeding practices were reassessed after 4 weeks of one-to-one counseling.ResultsFeeding by mothers improved significantly in the form of items from the total number of groups from 4.3 (1.4) to 5.6 (1.3) after nutritional counseling (p: 0.001). Consumption of junk foods decreased significantly from 4.3 (2.8) to 2.6 (1.8; p: 0.001) and baby foods decreased from 0.8 (0.7) to 0.2 (0.4; p: 0.001).ConclusionIndividualized nutritional counseling of mothers can improve complementary feeding practices and ensure food diversification.     

基于FMEA的个体化教学对手术室实习医生的带教效果

目的　探讨基于失效模式与效应分析（failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA）的个体化教学在手术室轮转实习医生带教中的作用。方法　选取武汉大学中南医院2019年2月至2019年9月接收的23名手术室轮转实习医生作为对照组,另选取2019年10月至2020年5月接收的23名手术室轮转实习医生作为研究组。对照组采用常规教学,研究组实施基于FMEA的个体化教学。比较两组带教前后理论知识和实践操作考核成绩、自我导向学习能力及实习医生对带教的满意度。使用SPSS 25.0进行t检验和卡方检验,等级资料行秩和检验。结果　带教后两组理论知识[（91.13±6.35）vs. （84.26±5.94）]和实践操作考核成绩[（89.39±5.45）vs.（79.78±5.65）]、各维度自我导向学习能力评分及总分[（280.63±23.39）vs.（248.17±20.68）]均高于带教前,且带教后研究组均高于对照组（P<0.05）;带教后研究组实习医生对带教教师职业素养、带教的合理性、带教的有效性满意度评分均高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论　在手术室轮转实习医生带教中采用基于FMEA的个体化教学不仅可提高考核成绩,增强其自我导向学习能力,还能提高其带教满意度。