Anatomically contoured large femoral heads can reduce iliopsoas impingement: A cadaver verification study

While use of large heads in total hip arthroplasty (THA) continues to grow, concerns have been raised regarding anterior hip pain resulting from impingement of the prosthetic head against soft-tissues like the iliopsoas. To address these concerns, a new anatomically contoured head (ACH) was developed. In this study cadaver tests were utilized to show that iliopsoas impingement/tenting caused by conventional heads is significantly relieved with the more rounded and reduced distal profile of the ACH. Thus, the ACH implant may be able to decrease the risk of soft-tissue impingement with conventional heads, particularly in the smaller hip.     

Posterior ankle impingement disguised as peroneal tendon subluxation in young athletes – a case report

Posterior ankle impingement is a cause of posterior ankle pain common in those who perform frequent plantarflexion activities. Three young patients presented with posterior ankle pain which was initially attributed to peroneal tendon subluxation. However, detailed physical exam and imaging confirmed the diagnosis of posterior ankle impingement as the actual cause of pain. The peroneal tendon subluxation was not causal but an unrelated co-incidental finding. After failed prolonged conservative management (rest, immobilization and physical therapy), the patients underwent posterior ankle arthroscopic debridement for the impingement resulting in return to prior sporting activity without limitation and no recurrence of pain at 19 months follow-up. Posterior ankle impingement diagnosis could be masked by co-incidental asymptomatic peroneal tendon subluxation in pediatric patients.     

髋关节镜下盂唇修补术治疗髋臼盂唇损伤的疗效评价

目的:探讨髋关节镜下盂唇修补术治疗髋臼盂唇损伤的临床疗效。方法:选择2018年11月至2019年5月在广东省中医院诊断为髋臼盂唇损伤并在髋关节镜下行盂唇修复术的患者,所有患者术前术后采用X线片、三维CT和核磁共振等检查,选择改良Harris髋关节评分(mHHS)、体育运动专用髋关节评分(HOS-SSS)、日常活动的髋关节功能评分(HOS-ADL)和VAS疼痛评分,评定患者的临床疗效。结果:共纳入患者30例,其中男10例,女20例,年龄(37.8±10.6)岁(17~55岁)。所有患者均获随访,随访时间为6~12个月,平均8.2个月。患者术前H0S-ADL,HOS-SSS,mHHs评分分别为53.8±10.6,44.2±9.6,62.2±11.6;术后6个月时分别为77.6±10.2,72.8±7.3,79.3±9.1,均较术前显著提高(P<0.01);术前VAS评分为6.5±2.3,术后6个月时为2.6±1.3,较术前显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:髋关节镜下盂唇修补术治疗髋臼盂唇损伤,能缓解症状,其近期临床疗效良好。     

Nontraumatic glenohumeral instability and coracoacromial impingement in swimmers

Competitive swimming is one of the most demanding and time-consuming sports. Swimmers at elite level practice 20–30 h per week. During 1 year's practice, the average top level swimmer performs more than 500,000 stroke revolutions per arm. These innumerable repetitions over many years of hard training together with an increasing muscular imbalance around the shoulder girdle seem to be the main etiological factors in the development of the overuse syndrome swimmer's shoulder. Shoulder pain in swimmers has in general been regarded as synonymous with coracoacromial impingement, i.e. anterior shoulder pain due to rotator cuff tendinitis, but new knowledge suggests that a concomitant glenohumeral instability plays an additional role. The diagnostic complexity of the problem is as challenging as the search for the gold standard of treatment. The condition should ideally be diagnosed as early as possible, and intensive functional rehabilitation of the shoulder girdle including the scapular muscles should be started in order to restore muscle balance. The surgical possibilities include subacromial decompression in cases of purely mechanical impingement. If a painful glenohumeral instability persists after intensive functional rehabilitation, anterior capsulolabral reconstruction can be performed. Still, however, short- and long-term results show that surgery is less successful in elite athletes involved in overhead sports. Prevention protocols include education of coaches in primary injury prophylaxis and the institution of resistance strength training in prepubescent swimmers. Emphasis should be made to improve muscular balance around the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints.     

Avoiding complications in arthroscopic subacromial space and instability surgery

Arthroscopic shoulder surgery has become a safe tool for evaluation and treatment of a wide range of shoulder problems with few complications. With ever-improving technology (and commitment to motor skill development among arthroscopists), we can expect to maintain this low rate despite increasing procedure complexity. Avoiding complications in arthroscopic shoulder surgery requires careful preoperative planning, judicious patient selection, a thorough understanding of arthroscopic anatomy, and facility with arthroscopic techniques.     

踝关节软组织撞击综合征临床研究

目的:总结与探讨踝关节软组织撞击综合征发生的相关因素、关节镜下表现和组织病理学特点。方法:自2000年11月至2005年4月,本所共收治21例踝关节撞击综合征患者,其中男性16例,女性5例,平均年龄24·7岁。运动员7例,非运动员14例。左踝9例,右踝12例。对所有患者均进行关节镜探查,镜下切除造成撞击的组织,同时对其进行病理检查。结果:21例患者中有20例发生于踝关节扭伤后,其中16例为内翻伤。单纯前外侧撞击9例,单纯前内侧撞击2例,单纯外侧撞击1例,前内和前外撞击同时存在9例。关节镜下发现撞击组织为滑膜组织的20例,下胫腓前韧带远侧束5例,纤维瘢痕组织4例,距腓前韧带组织3例,半月板样组织3例。合并关节软骨损伤16例。病理检查确认造成撞击的组织为慢性炎症性滑膜组织、韧带组织、肉芽组织。半月板样组织病理表现为慢性滑膜炎或致密结缔组织伴软骨化生,或慢性滑膜炎伴肉芽组织形成。结论:踝关节软组织撞击综合征多发生在创伤后,尤其内翻伤后较常见。部位以踝关节前外侧多见,内侧也可发生。撞击组织以滑膜组织最常见,其次为下胫腓前韧带远侧束增厚、纤维瘢痕组织和损伤的距腓前韧带组织。软组织撞击部位与软骨损伤部位符合程度不显著(χ~2=2·524,P=0·112)。     

Femoroacetabular impingement in 45 professional athletes: associated pathologies and return to sport following arthroscopic decompression

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) occurs when an osseous abnormality of the proximal femur (cam) or acetabulum (pincer) triggers damage to the acetabular labrum and articular cartilage in the hip. Although the precise etiology of FAI is not well understood, both types of FAI are common in athletes presenting with hip pain, loss of range-of-motion, and disability in athletics. An open surgical approach to decompressing FAI has shown good clinical outcomes; however, this highly invasive approach inherently may delay or preclude a high level athlete’s return to play. The purpose of this study was to define associated pathologies and determine if an arthroscopic approach to treating FAI can allow professional athletes to return to high-level sport. Hip arthroscopy for the treatment of FAI allows professional athletes to return to professional sport. Between October 2000 and September 2005, 45 professional athletes underwent hip arthroscopy for the decompression of FAI. Operative and return-to-play data were obtained from patient records. Average time to follow-up was 1.6 years (range: 6 months to 5.5 years). Forty two (93%) athletes returned to professional competition following arthroscopic decompression of FAI. Three athletes did not return to play; however, all had diffuse osteoarthritis at the time of arthroscopy. Thirty-five athletes (78%) remain active in professional sport at an average follow-up of 1.6 years. Arthroscopic treatment of FAI allows professional athletes to return to professional sport.     

膝骨关节病性髁间窝撞击症的镜下诊断与治疗

目的 探讨膝骨性关节炎合并股骨髁间窝撞击症的诊断和治疗方法.方法 关节镜下确诊合并股骨髁间窝撞击症的膝骨性关节炎患者37例43膝.采用镜下清理骨赘、股骨髁间窝扩大成形术治疗.结果 43膝均获随访,时间6～24个月.术前Lysholm评分平均61分(41～80分) ,术后平均85分(75～100分),关节功能均获明显改善(P＜0.05).结论 关节镜检查及镜下微创手术对膝骨关节病性髁间窝撞击症的诊断和治疗有着重要的价值,镜下股骨髁间窝扩大成形术是治疗该病的有效方法.