前路分段减压手术治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病的疗效分析

目的:探讨前路分段减压手术治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病的疗效。方法 :对2005年8月至2016年3月收治的多节段脊髓型颈椎病84例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据手术方式分为对照组和观察组,每组42例。对照组男26例,女16例,年龄(56.87±11.89)岁,病程(7.91±3.71)年,病变节段C3-C636例,C4-C76例。观察组男24例,女18例,年龄(54.58±12.56)岁,病程(8.03±3.52)年,病变节段C3-C634例,C4-C78例。对照组行后路椎管扩大成形术治疗,观察组行前路分段减压法治疗。观察两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、植骨融合时间及并发症发生率;比较两组患者术前和术后3、6、12个月的JOA评分和融合节段Cobb角。结果:观察组的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间及并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组的植骨融合时间也明显低于对照组(P0.01);术后3、6、9个月,观察组的JOA评分和融合节段Cobb角均明显高于对照组(P0.01)。结论:前路分段减压法治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病具有椎体切除少、减压彻底、术后稳定性好、并发症少等优点,可有效促进脊髓功能及椎体稳定性恢复。     

原发性三叉神经痛及面肌痉挛的微血管减压治疗

目的 探讨原发性三叉神经痛及面肌痉挛的有效的治疗方法.方法 对本组患者行耳后小切口微血管减压术.结果 原发性三叉神经痛及面肌痉挛行微血管减压术后98%的患者疼痛及面肌抽搐得到缓解,疗效满意.结论 微血管减压术是治疗原发性三叉神经痛及面肌痉挛的首选方法.     

MRI探讨颅神经疾病的发生机制及其对微血管减压手术的指导意义

目的 利用MRI检查探讨颅神经疾病的发生机理以及对微血管减压手术的指导价值.方法 观察手术治疗251例颅神经疾病患者与60例正常对照组核磁共振检查结果,评价异位血管压迫在颅神经疾病发生发展中的作用,观察脑池段三叉神经、面神经长度及蛛网膜下腔宽度,以及面神经和脑干位置关系对手术难易程度的影响.结果 颅神经疾病患者患侧与健侧,患者患侧与健康人群血管神经接触关系有显著差异;三叉神经、面神经长度,蛛网膜下腔宽度以及面神经与与脑干位置关系都对手术的难度产生影响.结论 MRI-3DFFE序列检查能清晰显示生理状态下神经血管关系.神经血管压迫与颅神经疾病发生发展有密切关系.术前MRI检查对指导微血管减压手术及预测手术难度有重要的指导意义.     

Effect of the lateral wall valgisation in the treatment of patients with endocrine orbitopathy

Orbital decompression is an established procedure used to correct exophthalmos that results from excess orbital soft tissue. This study aimed to explore a new minimally-invasive technique that features three-dimensional planning and patient-specific implants for lateral valgisation (LAVA) of the orbital wall. We analysed the outcomes of this procedure in nine endocrine orbitopathy (EO) patients (32–65 years of age with a mean clinical activity score of 4.3) who underwent this procedure between 2021 and 2022, including seven patients diagnosed with dysthyroid optic neuropathy. The impact of LAVA and wall resection on orbital areas, volumes, Hertel values, visual acuity, and new-onset diplopia was determined. Among our results, we found that LAVA and resection of 18 orbital walls resulted in significant enlargement of the orbital volume from a preoperative mean of 30.8 ± 3.5 cm³ to a mean of 37.3 ± 5.8 cm³ postoperatively (mean difference, 6.2 ± 1.8 cm³; p < 0.001); this procedure also resulted in a significant reduction in the mean Hertel value, from 28.7 ± 1.9 mm to 20.0 ± 1.9 mm (mean difference, 8.7 ± 1.9 mm; p < 0.001). The procedure resulted in visual acuity declined in three patients (33.3 %) with reductions from 0.25 to 0.125, 0.8 to 0.125, and 1.2 to 0.7, respectively. No new diplopia occurred postoperatively, however, our study included five patients with preoperative diplopia that did not improve postoperatively and required additional surgical intervention. Similarly, four patients required supplemental eyelid surgery. In conclusion, our study suggests the effects of the LAVA with the partial floor resection seems to be effective, which provides a substantially improved outcome for patients undergoing surgical treatment of EO via the use of double navigation and piezosurgical methods.