大黄酸对果糖诱导的高尿酸大鼠的肾脏保护作用研究

目的：研究大黄酸对果糖诱导的痛风大鼠的肾脏保护作用。方法通过果糖喂养的方法制备痛风大鼠模型，连续灌胃大黄酸6周，测定血清肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸和黄嘌呤氧化酶含量等指标。结果大黄酸降低大鼠血清肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸和黄嘌呤氧化酶含量，改善了果糖诱导的大鼠肾脏结构的变化。结论大黄酸对果糖诱导的痛风大鼠具有肾脏保护作用。     

1,6-二磷酸果糖治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病合并心肌损害疗效观察

目的探讨1,6-二磷酸果糖(FDP)治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)合并心肌损伤的疗效.方法随机分成治疗组和对照组,均给予常规治疗,治疗组加用FDP 0.25～0.4g/(kg·次),1 次d静滴,10 d为一疗程,治疗前后均进行心肌酶测定.结果治疗组临床症状改善及心肌酶恢复效果均优于对照组,两组差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论 FDP对HIE时的脑损伤及心肌损伤均有良好效果.     

低氧对大鼠附睾功能的影响

目的研究低氧对大鼠附睾功能的影响。方法将成年雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为常氧和低氧5d、15d、30d4组。低氧各组置低压舱内模拟5,000m高原低氧。测定附睾尾精子数量、质量,生化法测定各组大鼠附睾液中果糖、肉毒碱的含量及α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性。结果低氧15d组、30d组大鼠附睾尾精子数显著低于常氧组。低氧各组精子活力、活率显著低于常氧组;尾部畸形精子数显著高于常氧组。低氧5d组、15d组大鼠附睾液果糖含量显著高于常氧组(P<0.01)。低氧5d、30d组,大鼠附睾液中性α-葡萄糖苷酶活性显著低于常氧组。结论低氧可抑制附睾尾精子数量和质量,并抑制附睾液中性α-葡萄糖苷酶活性,提示低氧可干扰附睾功能,并抑制精子的成熟。     

静滴1,6-二磷酸果糖局部疼痛对急性心肌梗死患者心肌耗氧量的影响

目的评估急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者静滴1,6-二磷酸果糖（FDP）时局部轻度、中度、重度疼痛对心肌耗氧量的影响。方法用长海痛尺评估120例AMI患者静滴FDP过程中疼痛程度,并对患者进行心电监护,对静滴FDP的患者在输液前、后的心率、血压、心肌耗氧量进行比较。结果输液后心肌耗氧量均高于输液前。结论AMI患者静滴FDP时局部疼痛的发生率高。轻度、中度、重度时均能引起心肌耗氧量的增加。     

双甘注射液的实验研究及临床疗效观察

目的：比较双甘注射液与甘露醇注射液的临床疗效和不良反应。方法：用甘露醇、甘油、1,6-二磷酸果糖制成注射液双甘注射液。通过动物实验及临床应用比较其疗效和不良反应。结果：双甘注射液的脱水、利尿作用优于甘露醇注射液,对肾脏的损害小于甘露醇注射液;同样条件下输注(5ml／min),复方甘油注射液发生溶血,本品无溶血现象发生。结论：双甘注射液脱水作用强,副作用小,是比较理想的脱水药。     

Fructose content in popular beverages made with and without high-fructose corn syrup

ObjectiveExcess fructose consumption is hypothesized to be associated with risk for metabolic disease. Actual fructose consumption levels are difficult to estimate because of the unlabeled quantity of fructose in beverages. The aims of this study were threefold: 1) re-examine the fructose content in previously tested beverages using two additional assay methods capable of detecting other sugars, especially maltose, 2) compare data across all methods to determine the actual free fructose-to-glucose ratio in beverages made either with or without high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), and 3) expand the analysis to determine fructose content in commonly consumed juice products.MethodsSugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and fruit juice drinks that were either made with or without HFCS were analyzed in separate, independent laboratories via three different methods to determine sugar profiles.ResultsFor SSBs, the three independent laboratory methods showed consistent and reproducible results. In SSBs made with HFCS, fructose constituted 60.6% ± 2.7% of sugar content. In juices sweetened with HFCS, fructose accounted for 52.1% ± 5.9% of sugar content, although in some juices made from 100% fruit, fructose concentration reached 65.35 g/L accounting for 67% of sugars.ConclusionOur results provide evidence of higher than expected amounts of free fructose in some beverages. Popular beverages made with HFCS have a fructose-to-glucose ratio of approximately 60:40, and thus contain 50% more fructose than glucose. Some pure fruit juices have twice as much fructose as glucose. These findings suggest that beverages made with HFCS and some juices have a sugar profile very different than sucrose, in which amounts of fructose and glucose are equivalent. Current dietary analyses may underestimate actual fructose consumption.     

Fructose Malabsorption is Associated with Decreased Plasma Tryptophan

Background: Fructose malabsorption is characterized by the inability to absorb fructose efficiently. As a consequence fructose reaches the colon where it is broken down by bacteria to short fatty acids, CO₂, H₂, CH₄ and lactic acid. Bloating, cramps, osmotic diarrhea and other symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome are the consequence and can be seen in about 50% of fructose malabsorbers. Recently it was found that fructose malabsorption was associated with early signs of depressive disorders. Therefore, it was investigated whether fructose malabsorption is associated with abnormal tryptophan metabolism. Methods: Fifty adults (16 men, 34 women) with gastrointestinal discomfort were analyzed by measuring breath hydrogen concentrations after an oral dose of 50 g fructose after an overnight fast. They were classified as normals or fructose malabsorbers according to their breath H₂ concentrations. All patients filled out a Beck depression inventory questionnaire. Blood samples were taken for plasma tryptophan and kynurenine measurements. Results:     

Increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of fructose-fed rats

BackgroundMeasuring of oxidative stress in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a suitable model of dietary induced systemic oxidative stress. Thus, we aimed to evaluate whether a chronic high fructose intake could induce oxidative damage in peripheral blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells of rats.MethodsAnimals were randomly assigned to the following groups: Control group (standard rat chow and tap water n = 8), and Fructose group (standard rat chow and a 10% fructose solution in the drinking water n = 8). Reactive oxygen species and cytokines were measure using flow cytometry in peripheral blood and bone-marrow mononuclear cells. Apoptotic cell death and the advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were also determined.ResultsWe observed a significant increase in ROS production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of fructose group as compared to control rats. Apoptosis and the AOPP were higher in those animals underwent high fructose intake. Serum levels of IL-6 and IL-12 were also increased after 12 weeks of high fructose intake.ConclusionWe concluded that fructose intake leads to systemic oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory condition which affect peripheral blood mononuclear cells and bone-marrow mononuclear cells viability.