结肠癌患者血清叶酸含量分析

以放射免疫法测定36例结肠癌患者血清叶酸浓度,患者血清叶酸水平低于对照组(P＜0.05).这表明血清叶酸浓度与结肠癌的发生密切相关.调整饮食结构,改善低叶酸状态将会在预防结肠癌方面产生积极作用.     

Hyperhomocysteinemia and the response to vitamin supplementation

Summary The long-term vitamin requirements of men (n=22) with moderate hyperhomocysteinemia (plasma total homocysteine concentration > 16.3 mol/1) were investigated over a period of 48 weeks. An initial 6-week period of vitamin supplementation (1.0 mg folic acid, 10 mg pyridoxine, 0.05 mg cyanocobalamin) reduced plasma homocysteine levels 54.7% (P<0.001). However, 18 weeks after vitamin therapy was discontinued, only seven participants (subgroup A) still had plasma homocysteine levels of 16.3 mol/l or lower. The remainder of the participants (subgroup B) required a second 6-week period of vitamin therapy to normalize the elevated plasma homocysteine levels. Substitution of vitamin supplementation by dietary guidelines to increase folate intake from food products failed to maintain normal plasma homocysteine levels in participants from subgroup B. Long-term vitamin supplementation may be required in some individuals to prevent hyperhomo-cysteinemia.Abbreviations HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography - Lp(a) lipoprotein(a) - PLP pyridoxal 5-phosphate     

A1298C methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation and coronary artery disease: relationships with C677T polymorphism and homocysteine/folate metabolism

5, 10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a crucial enzyme in homocysteine/methionine metabolism. The most-studied C677T polymorphism in the MTHFR gene results in a thermolabile variant with reduced activity, and is associated with increased levels of total plasma homocysteine, a risk factor for coronary artery disease. A new mutation in the MTHFR gene (A1298C) has also been reported to lower enzyme activity. Whether A1298C is a risk factor for coronary artery disease, separately or in combination with C677T, and/or relative to total plasma homocysteine and folate status, is unclear to date. We evaluated this hypothesis in 470 angiographically characterized subjects, 302 with coronary artery disease, and 168 with normal coronary arteries. The frequency of the 1298C allele was 0.33 and that of combined heterozygosity 0.315. No difference was found in the frequency of the genotypes or when analyzed for combined heterozygosity between patients with coronary artery disease and normals. Independent of folate status, the 1298C allele was not associated with increased total plasma homocysteine. No additional effect of A1298C on total plasma homocysteine was observed in 148 combined heterozygotes compared with 98 heterozygotes for the C677T alone. These findings do not support a major role for the A1298C mutation in homocysteine metabolism and emphasize the hypothesis that MTHFR genotypes may interfere with coronary artery disease risk only when an unbalanced nutritional status leads to raised total plasma homocysteine levels.     

人类α型叶酸受体基因的克隆及其真核表达载体的构建

目的 探讨如何以人类α型叶酸受体(FOLR-1)基因为基础构建核酸疫苗。方法 应用RT-PCR技术，从人类卵巢癌细胞系-SKOV3细胞中扩增FOLR-1基因，插入克隆载体pGEM-T Easy，经DNA自动测序仪测序证实后，以亚克隆法构建于真核表达载体pcDNA3．1( )，并使用限制性内切酶酶切鉴定。结果 从卵巢癌细胞系SKOV3中成功扩增出FOLR-1基因，并克隆人pcDNA3．1( )载体。结论 成功构建FOLR-1的重组克隆及真核表达载体，为今后利用FOLR-1进行卵巢上皮性肿瘤的免疫及导向治疗研究打下了基础。     

叶酸与宫颈癌关系的病例对照研究

目的探讨膳食叶酸、血清叶酸与宫颈癌的关系以及叶酸和人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)16在宫颈癌发生中的相互作用。方法采用以医院为基础的病例对照研究方法,对111例经病理学确诊的宫颈鳞癌新发病例和111例子宫肌瘤患者进行年龄、籍贯、居住地匹配,在收集宫颈癌相关因素的同时,采用食物频数问卷(FFQ)调查膳食叶酸摄入情况,利用特异PCR检测HPV16 DNA,血清叶酸采用RIA定量测定。结果官颈癌组HPV16感染率(61．26％)显著高于对照组(28．83％),调整OR 值4．95(95％CI:2．49-9．83);病例组膳食叶酸摄入量(5．00μg/kcal±0．41 μg／kcal)和血清叶酸水平 (1．79 ng／ml±1．42 ng／ml)均低于对照组(5．14μg／kcal±0．35μg/kcal,2．59 ng／ml±2．81 ng／ml),差异有统计学意义,特别是随着血清叶酸水平的降低,患宫颈癌的危险性增加(X2=17．37,P=0．000);血清叶酸水平较低同时伴有HPV16感染患宫颈癌的危险明显高于两者单独作用之和,交互作用检验有统计学意义(G=5．56,P=0．02)。结论叶酸缺乏可增加宫颈癌发生的危险。     

蛋氨酸合成酶还原酶基因A66G多态性与Down综合征发生的相关研究

目的:研究蛋氨酸合成酶还原酶(MTRR)基因A66G多态性与Down综合征的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)法对32例DS患儿母亲及70例未生育DS患儿女性MTRR的A66G进行基因分析。比较上述各组基因型和等位基因频率分布有无差异。结果:MTRR基因A66G突变型等位基因G频率在实验组和对照组中有显著性差异,GG基因型频率分布差异有显著性(P<0·05)。AG基因型比AA基因型生育DS患儿风险高1·98倍,GG基因型比AA基因型生育DS患儿风险高5·2倍。结论:MTRR A66G基因多态性与Down综合征发生相关,AG、GG基因型增加了Down综合征的发生风险。     

叶酸受体介导99mTc标记c-erbB2癌基因反义寡核苷酸的乳腺癌细胞摄取率

目的研究叶酸受体介导的99mTc标记c-erbB2癌基因反义寡核苷酸乳腺癌细胞的摄取率.方法用双功能鳌合剂次已酰双半胱氨酸(EC)连接15mer寡脱氧核苷酸(ODN)和叶酸(FA),形成ODN-EC-FA,用99mTc标记,形成99mTc-ODN-FA.同样的方法不加叶酸,形成99mTc-ODN.加2μCi的99mTc-ODN-FA和99mTc-ODN到107cell/瓶对数生长期乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231,分别于20、40、60、120、180、240分钟测定细胞的摄取率.结果乳腺癌细胞对99mTc-ODN-FA的摄取率明显高于99mTc-ODN.结论叶酸配体与受体的特异结合使寡核苷酸的乳腺癌细胞摄取率明显增加.     

Exercise prevents hyperhomocysteinemia in a dietary folate-restricted mouse model

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a condition that results from altered methyl group metabolism and is associated with numerous pathological conditions. A number of nutritional and hormonal factors have been shown to influence circulating homocysteine concentrations; however, the impact of exercise on homocysteine and methyl group balance is not well understood. Our hypothesis was that exercise represents an effective means to prevent hyperhomocysteinemia in a folate-independent manner. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of exercise on homocysteine metabolism in a dietary folate-restricted mouse model characterized by moderate hyperhomocysteinemia. Female outbred mice (12 weeks old) were assigned to either a sedentary or free-access wheel exercise group. Following a 4-week acclimation period, half of the mice in each group were provided a folate-restricted diet for 7-weeks prior to euthanasia and tissue collection. As expected, folate-restricted sedentary mice exhibited a 2-fold increase in plasma total homocysteine concentrations; however, exercise completely prevented the increase in circulating homocysteine concentrations. Moreover, exercise reduced plasma homocysteine concentrations 36% within the group fed only the control diet. The prevention of hyperhomocysteinemia by exercise appears, at least in part, to be the result of increased folate-independent homocysteine remethylation owing to a 2-fold increase in renal betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the prevention of hyperhomocysteinemia by exercise in a dietary folate-restriction model. Future research will be directed at determining if exercise can have a positive impact on other nutritional, hormonal, and genetic models of hyperhomocysteinemia relevant to humans.     

The association of folate and depression: A meta-analysis

BackgroundPrevious research suggested that folate levels play an important role in the etiology and course of depression. However, the literature has been inconsistent with regard to differences in folate level between individuals with and without depression. The present meta-analysis synthesized the results of previous studies to examine whether individuals with depression had lower levels of folate than individuals without depression.MethodsMeta-analytic procedures were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies evaluating folate levels in individuals with and without depression via red blood cell folate, serum folate, or dietary intake of folate methods were identified via PsycINFO and PubMed. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using Hedge's g, and moderation analysis was used for both folate measurement method and population type. Study heterogeneity was assessed with I² and publication bias was qualitatively assessed via funnel plot and quantitatively assessed with the trim-and-fill method and Begg's adjusted rank test.ResultsWe found a significant, small effect size, such that individuals with depression had lower folate levels than those without depression, Hedge's g = −0.24 (95% CI = −0.31, −0.16), p < 0.001. Study heterogeneity was high (I² = 84.88%), and neither folate measurement method nor population accounted for study heterogeneity.ConclusionsIndividuals with depression have lower serum levels of folate and dietary folate intake than individuals without depression. Given that previous literature suggested folate supplementation improved the efficacy of traditional antidepressant medications, future research on folate supplementation in depression is warranted and clinicians may wish to consider folate supplementation for patients with depression.