Lasting improvements in left spatial neglect following a protocol combining neck-muscle vibration and voluntary arm movements: a case-study

Purpose: Beyond promising experimental results of sensory passive stimulations in spatial cognition disorders, some questions still remain regarding interests of these stimulations during the daily activities in neglect. The aim of this case-study was to evaluate the effects of a protocol combining left neck-muscle vibration with daily simple movements, like arm pointing movements, on perceptivo-locomotor deficits in a left spatial neglect patient.

Materials and methods: Two neuropsychological tests, one subjective straight-ahead pointing (SSA) test and one wheelchair navigation test were carried out before the combination protocol, immediately after, 1?h later, and 24?h later.

Results: The results showed a reduction of neglect spatial bias following the protocol lasted at least 24?h in all the tests (except for the SSA test due to the unavailability of the pointing device).

Conclusions: The range of improvements in the symptoms of spatial neglect suggests that this therapeutic intervention based on the combining neck-muscle vibration to voluntary arm movements could be a useful treatment for this condition. One of future investigation axes should be the development of a vibratory tool in order to facilitate the combining this proprioceptive stimulation to daily activities.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• Spatial neglect is a perplexing neuropsychological syndrome, affecting different domains of spatial cognition and impacting also the functional domain.

• The treatments based on neck-muscle vibration are simple to use, non-invasive and requires none active participation of patient.

• A therapeutic intervention based on the combining left neck-muscle vibration and voluntary arm movements in a left-spatial-neglect show a lasting reduction of symptoms especially in daily activities.

• The combination of treatments based on the Bottom–Up approach opens innovative perspectives in rehabilitation.

     

1524例全身骨显像图像质量影响因素及关联性分析

目的全身骨显像可清晰显示全身骨骼形态及代谢情况,检出骨骼疾病。本研究分析全身骨显像质量影响因素及其相关性,并提出改进措施。方法选取2018-04-01-2018-08-30在山东省肿瘤医院核医学科行99Tcm-亚甲基二膦酸盐(99Tcm-Methylenediphosphonate,99Tcm-MDP)全身骨显像的患者1 524例,显像质量根据单光子发射计算机断层扫描/计算机断层扫描(single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography,SPECT/CT)仪临床使用评价指标分为质量佳(A)、质量良好(B)、质量差(C)3组,总结性别、年龄、血钙、尿素氮、肌酐、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、注射至显像间隔时间、注射部位核素有无浓集、治疗措施、膀胱充盈状态、软组织摄取状态、携带异物及核素污染等资料,计量资料对显像质量有影响者进一步分组并进行组间比较;采用χ2检验及多分类Logistic回归分析进行回顾性研究,分析全身骨扫描显像质量的相关影响因素并提出改进方法。结果本研究中显像质量佳者(A)约占40.0%(610/1 524),显像质量良好者(B)约占50.3%(766/1 524),显像质量差者(C)约占9.7%(148/1 524);全身骨扫描图像质量与性别(χ2=73.143,P<0.001)、年龄(χ2=11.543,P=0.003)、BMI(χ2=16.057,P=0.000)、注射至显像间隔时间(χ2=20.226,P<0.001)、注射部位核素异常浓集(χ2=10.880,P=0.004)、放疗(χ2=20.871,P<0.001)、膀胱充盈(χ2=75.929,P<0.001)及软组织摄取(χ2=338.872,P=0.001)均有统计学意义的关联;与患者血钙、尿素氮、肌酐、携带异物及核素污染无统计学意义的关联。居于首位的影响因素为注射点核素浓集,约占10.8%(164/1 524),其次为软组织摄取高及膀胱充盈,分别占7.4%(113/1 524)和6.6%(101/1 524);对年龄及BMI进行组间比较发现,显像质量佳(A)及质量良好者(B)年龄<45岁组与45~59岁组及≥60岁组<24.0kg/m2分别与24.0~27.0kg/m2及BMI>27.0kg/m2组间差异有统计学意义,45~59岁与≥60岁组、24.0~27.0kg/m2与>27.0kg/m2组间差异无统计学意义;显像质量差者(C)BMI<24.0kg/m2组和24.0~27.0kg/m2组间差异有统计学意义,年龄组间差异无统计学意义。结论在临床工作中影响全身骨扫描图像质量的因素较多,主要有性别、年龄、BMI、注射部位核素浓集、软组织摄取、膀胱充盈状态、注射至显像间隔时间等;人为可控因素中,提高注射技术、降低软组织摄取及检查前及时排空膀胱等方法可明显提高显像质量。     

全身振动训练联合正弦交变电磁场对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠骨密度、骨代谢指标的影响研究

目的探讨全身振动训练联合正弦交变电磁场对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠骨密度、骨代谢、骨生物力学性能的影响。方法将100只大鼠随机分为切除卵巢组和对照组,分别进行卵巢切除术和假手术,大鼠进行6周恢复,恢复后将造模成功的切除卵巢大鼠随机分为模型组(MO组)、全身振动训练组(W组)、正弦交变电磁场组(S组)、全身振动训练+正弦交变电磁场组(WS组),对照组列为假手术组(SO组),进行为期16周干预,干预结束后对大鼠进行骨密度、骨代谢、骨生物力学性质的检测。结果16周干预完成后,MO组、S组大鼠体质量显著高于SO组、W组、WS组大鼠(P0. 05); W组、WS组、SO组大鼠骨密度指标、血清雌二醇浓度指标明显高于大鼠MO组(P0. 05); SO组大鼠血清雌二醇浓度指标明显高于S组、W组、WS组(P0. 05); M组大鼠血清OC、ALP浓度明显高于SO组、W组、S组、WS组大鼠(P0. 05);尿液DPD/Cre、Ca/Cre、P/Cre浓度方面,M组大鼠明显高于SO组、W组、S组、WS组大鼠(P0. 05)。SO组、W组、S组、WS组大鼠股骨最大载荷和弹性模型明显高于MO组大鼠(P0. 05)。SO组、W组、S组、WS组大鼠股骨断裂载荷组间无明显差异(P0. 05); SO组、W组、S组、WS组大鼠股骨弹性模量明显高于MO组大鼠(P0. 05)。SO组大鼠股骨弹性模量明显高于S组大鼠(P0. 05),但与W组、WS组大鼠没有明显差异(P0. 05)。L4椎体压缩试验,SO组、W组、S组、WS组大鼠股骨最大载荷和弹性模型明显高于MO组大鼠(P0. 05)。SO组大鼠高于S组、W组,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05),但与WS组大鼠没有明显差异(P0. 05)。结论全身振动训练、正弦交变电磁场、全身振动训练联合正弦交变电磁场3种干预方式施用于去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠均能提升骨密度、抑制骨吸收、平衡骨代谢、改善骨骼结构力学和材料力学性能。而全身振动训练联合正弦交变电磁场能的治疗效果优于单纯使用全身振动训练或正弦交变电磁场,在临床应用中有一定推广价值。     

Vibratory stimulus to the masseter muscle impairs the oral fine motor control during biting tasks

PurposeTo investigated the effect of vibratory stimulus on masseter muscles during oral fine motor biting tasks.MethodsSixteen healthy individuals (age: 24.5 ± 2.4 years) participated in experiment I during which the participants were asked to “hold and split” half a roasted peanut placed on a force transducer with their front teeth. The participant performed ten series with ten trials of the “hold and split” behavioral task while vibratory stimulus was applied on the masseter muscle every alternate series. Further, fourteen participants participated (age: 25.2 ± 4.8 years) in experiment II during which they performed a series each of the behavioral task at baseline, an adjusted baseline without and with vibration as well as with and without visual feedback. Hold and split forces along with the variability of hold force and duration and force rate during the split were measured.ResultsThe results of the study showed an increase in the magnitude of the hold force (P = 0.002), force rate during the split (P < 0.001) and a significant decrease in the duration of split (P < 0.001) due to the vibratory stimulus. However, there was no significant effect of the vibratory stimulus on the variability of hold forces (P = 0.879) or mean split force (P = 0.683) during the “hold and split” behavioral task. The results of experiment II also showed an increase in hold force due to the vibratory stimulus (P < 0.001).ConclusionsVibratory stimulus to the masseter muscles impairs the oral force control during a standardized biting task and provide further insight into the sensorimotor regulation of the masticatory system.     

Buzzing away the pain: Using an electric toothbrush for vibration anesthesia during painful procedures

Many dermatologic procedures are painful and traumatic, for both pediatric patients and providers alike. Vibration anesthesia has recently been discussed as an effective method for reducing pain associated with injections, but some vibration machines can be cost prohibitive for providers. We describe how to employ an electric toothbrush as an inexpensive and effective option to provide vibration anesthesia during painful pediatric procedures.     

纤支镜肺泡灌洗联合振荡排痰仪治疗老年COPD合并肺癌的疗效观察

目的探讨纤支镜肺泡灌洗联合振荡排痰仪治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并肺癌的效果。方法选取2019年1月至2019年10月于解放军联勤保障部队第九九〇医院接受治疗的86例老年COPD合并肺癌患者作为研究对象,随机分为2组,每组43例,对照组在对症治疗基础上采用震荡排痰仪辅助排痰,观察组在此基础上联合纤支镜进行肺泡灌洗治疗,对比两组有效率、炎症因子水平、恢复时间和住院时间。结果治疗10 d后,观察组有效率明显高于对照组,炎症因子水平低于对照组,恢复时间和住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论纤支镜肺泡灌洗联合振荡排痰仪治疗老年COPD合并肺癌效果确切,能显著改善患者肺不张状况,降低炎症水平,缩短治疗时间和住院时间。     

45Hz高频振动训练干预老年膝骨关节炎患者的效果及对下肢肌肉耐力与骨密度的影响

目的:研究老年膝骨关节炎(KOA)患者使用45Hz高频振动训练的效果,及对患者骨密度和下肢肌肉耐力的影响。方法:将某院2018年7月~2020年9月期间治疗的125例老年KOA患者按抽签法分为对照组和观察组。对照组62例给予30 Hz振动训练,观察组63例给予45Hz高频振动训练,对比两组患者训练前后关节症状(西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)量表评分)、下肢骨密度(大转子、股骨颈、Ward三角区骨密度)、下肢肌肉耐力(踝、髋、膝屈伸耐力测试)和安全性。结果:训练前,两组患者各指标对比均无统计学意义(P>0.05),训练后,观察组患者膝、踝、髋关节伸肌和屈肌耐力较对照组高(P<0.05);观察组患者Ward三角区、股骨颈和大转子骨密度均较对照组高,WOMAC总分较对照组低(P<0.05),两组不良反应对比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:45Hz高频振动训练可在安全范围内提高老年KOA患者骨密度和下肢肌肉耐力,缓解关节症状。