双源CT多定量参数对胃癌的诊断价值及与HER2的相关性

目的:探讨门脉期双源CT多个定量参数与胃腺癌病理分化程度及HER2的相关性。方法: 回顾性分析2018年7月至2019年4月间于陕西省人民医院行双源CT双能量扫描的48例经胃镜活检(21例)或手术病理证实（27例）的胃腺癌及30例正常胃的影像学资料，其中27例HER2指标明确，通过西门子第二代双源CT扫描获得静脉期双能量图像，利用syngo.via软件获得曲线斜率、门脉期碘浓度、标准化碘浓度；将患者分为胃腺癌与正常胃壁组，高、中、低分化胃腺癌组，HER2阳性组（+，++，+++）与HER2阴性组（-）。统计学方法采用Kappa一致性检验、ROC曲线法、两独立样本t检验及方差分析。结果:活检与术后病理结果具有较强的一致性（Kappa系数为0.701），两者无明显差异；胃腺癌与正常胃壁两组间能谱曲线斜率（1.35±0.24、2.19±0.71）及标准化碘浓度（0.31±0.079、0.54±0.157）均具有统计学意义（P<0.05），曲线下面积分别为0.992、0.919；低分化、中分化及高分化胃腺癌能谱曲线斜率值（3.07±0.67，2.63±0.57，2.01±0.39）组间及组内差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05），低分化、中分化及高分化胃腺癌门脉期标准化碘浓度(0.60±0.167，0.52±0.089，0.36±0.039)组间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05），中分化组与低分化组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），高分化组与中、低分化组均具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。HER2阳性组与阴性组的能谱曲线斜率及标准化碘浓度值无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论:能谱曲线斜率及门脉期标准化碘浓度值有助于对胃腺癌进行诊断并推测病理分化程度；双源CT定量参数与免疫组化指标HER2无相关性。     

Novel Risk Factors for Progression of Diabetic and Nondiabetic CKD: Findings From the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study

1. Download : Download high-res image (451KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

Socially oriented thinking and the biological stress response: Thinking of friends and family predicts trajectories of salivary cortisol decline

The cortisol stress response has been related to perceived social support, but previous studies rely on self‐reported social support variables. The cortisol recovery phase in particular has been theorized to serve a social coping function, but individual differences in recovery slope have not yet been examined in relation to social coping‐relevant indices. This study addressed these gaps by examining the relationship of cortisol trajectories after a socioevaluative task to individual differences in covertly assessed cognitions related to close social relationships. We examined trajectories of cortisol change related to socially oriented thinking, the semi‐implicit activation of cognitive representations of friends or family. Young adults (N = 64) gave salivary cortisol samples before and for 45 min after a speech task. Participants' thoughts were sampled repeatedly; the frequency of words related to friends or family was assessed to index socially oriented thinking. A free curve slope intercept latent growth curve model showed excellent fit with the cortisol data. Socially oriented thinking was unrelated to overall magnitude of cortisol response to the task (latent intercept) but predicted the latent cortisol trajectory, independently of cortisol intercept and baseline cortisol levels. Socially oriented thinkers showed more gradual cortisol declines, whereas nonsocially oriented thinkers showed a steeper downslope driven primarily by cortisol changes 45 min after the task. Individual differences in socially oriented thinking may manifest in different rates of biological changes following a performance task.     

胫骨假体的不同后倾角度对内侧间室单髁置换术后膝关节功能的影响

目的: 研究分析胫骨假体在矢状面上的位置对牛津(Oxford)单髁置换术后膝关节功能的影响。方法: 回顾性分析2016年1月1日至2020年5月31于北京大学第一医院骨科行膝关节内侧间室单髁置换术的患者。依据术后胫骨假体后倾角度(posterior tibial slope,PTS), 将患者分为PTS标准组(PTS≥3°且PTS<8°)及PTS异常组(PTS<3°或PTS≥8°)。患者随访至少12个月,比较两组病例术后膝关节协会临床评分(Knee Society Clinical Score,KSS-C)、膝关节协会功能评分(Knee Society Functional Score,KSS-F)及膝关节活动范围,并评估手术前后PTS变化值与术后KSS-C评分、KSS-F评分及膝关节活动范围的相关性。结果: 共纳入72例患者(82膝),其中PTS标准组51例患者(58膝)、PTS异常组21例患者(24膝),所有患者均完成随访,中位随访时间23.6个月。两组病例的一般资料(性别、年龄、体重指数)、术前膝关节活动范围、术前KSS-C评分及KSS-F评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.01)。术后12个月随访时,所有病例在膝关节活动范围、KSS-C评分及KSS-F评分上均较术前显著改善(P<0.01)。两组病例在术后KSS-C评分上差异有统计学意义[PTS标准组(88.76±2.79)vs. PTS异常组(84.42±3.35),P<0.01],但在术后KSS-F评分、膝关节活动范围上差异无统计学意义(P>0.01)。另外,手术前后PTS的变化值与术后KSS-C评分(r=-0.034,95%CI:-0.247 ~ 0.186,P=0.759)、KSS-F评分(r=-0.014,95%CI:-0.238 ~ 0.198,P=0.901)及膝关节活动范围(r=0.045,95%CI:-0.214 ~ 0.302,P=0.686)无相关性。结论: 膝关节单髁置换术中采用3°~<8°的PTS可以使患者获得更好的术后功能,术中应避免胫骨假体PTS的过度增大或减小。     

Extramedullary Guides Versus Portable,Accelerometer-Based Navigation for Tibial Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized,Controlled Trial: Winner of the 2013 HAP PAUL Award

Extramedullary (EM) tibial alignment guides have demonstrated a limited degree of accuracy in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to compare the tibial component alignment obtained using a portable, accelerometer-based navigation device versus EM alignment guides. One hundred patients were enrolled in this prospective, randomized controlled study to receive a TKA using either the navigation device, or an EM guide. Standing AP hip-to-ankle and lateral knee-to-ankle radiographs were obtained at the first, postoperative visit. 95.7% of tibial components in the navigation cohort were within 2° of perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis, versus 68.1% in the EM cohort (P < 0.001). 95.0% of tibial components in the navigation cohort were within 2° of a 3° posterior slope, versus 72.1% in the EM cohort (P = 0.007). A portable, accelerometer-based navigation device decreases outliers in tibial component alignment compared to conventional, EM alignment guides in TKA.     

Extreme Variability in Posterior Slope of the Proximal Tibia: Measurements on 2395 CT Scans of Patients Undergoing UKA?

Data regarding the posterior slope of the tibia (PTS) are limited and sometimes conflicting. The purpose of this study was to determine the native posterior tibial slope in patients undergoing a medial or lateral UKA. A retrospective review was performed on 2395 CT scans in patients indicated for UKA, and the PTS of the osteoarthritic compartment was measured relative to a plane set perpendicular to the sagittal, tibial mechanical axis. The mean preoperative PTS in patients undergoing medial UKA was 6.8° + 3.3°, with 34.3% between 4° and 7°. The mean preoperative PTS in patients undergoing lateral UKA was 8.0° + 3.3°, with 27.5% between 4° and 7°. If attempting to recreate a patient's preoperative tibial slope, a routine target of 5° to 7° will produce a posterior slope less than the patient's native anatomy in 47% of patients undergoing UKA. This is the first, large CT-based review of posterior slope variation of the proximal tibia in patients undergoing UKA.     

最大ST段／心率斜率及其在冠心病康复中的应用（Ⅰ）

心电运动试验是诊断冠心病及心脏功能评估的重要方法,然常规运动试验有局限性.我们为探讨最大ST段/心率斜率(斜率)与心肌缺血的确切关系及意义,从实用角度出发,对斜率测试方法进行改良,对其诊断作了研究.对22例患者作下列两项检查:平板运动试验并测试最大ST段/心率斜率和2周内行静息与运动心肌灌注SPECT.结果发现:斜率在检测冠心病程度上准确度高于ST段压低及其它常规分级运动试验指标.     

A new method to quantify postexercise ST‐deviation – the ST‐deficit. A study in men at high and low‐risk for coronary heart disease

Background Quantitative heart rate adjusted exercise ST criteria like μV/beats per minute (bpm) improve the diagnostic accuracy of the exercise ECG. However, there are few quantitative HR adjusted postexercise variables available. The aim of the present exercise study was to evaluate a new such variable from computerized averaging of the postexercise ECG. Methods The presence of possible myocardial ischaemia in a population based sample of 74 elderly male hypertensives at high‐risk of coronary heart disease, and in 42 age‐matched clinically healthy males (reference group) at low‐risk was assessed by exercise ECG. All men had a normal resting ECG without signs of ischaemia. Variables studied: standard ST‐criteria, ST/HR slope ≤–2·4 μV · bpm^–1, shape of the rate‐recovery loop, the latter also with a new quantitative variable, the ST‐deficit. Results In spite of a normal resting ECG many subjects showed an abnormal ST/HR slope during exercise, 43% in the hypertension group and 26% in the reference group. An abnormal rate‐recovery loop (ST‐deficit) also contributed substantially to identify patients with possible myocardial ischaemia, 30 vs. 10%, respectively (P<0·02); cumulatively for the two HR adjusted criteria 53% vs. 29%, respectively (P<0·02). Mean ST‐deficit was significantly lower in the high‐risk group. Conclusions Effort‐related myocardial ischaemia is frequently silent in elderly high‐risk hypertensives and necessitates testing, preferably with computerized exercise ECG and heart rate adjusted ST criteria. A new quantitative variable to assess the postexercise rate‐recovery loop in the time domain, the ST‐deficit is described. This variable seems to effectively discriminate between subjects with low and high‐risk for coronary heart disease and thus provides new information. Further studies are warranted to validate this variable against myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and coronary angiography.     

Application of polymer-mesh device to remodel left ventricular–mitral valve apparatus in ischemic mitral regurgitation

Objectives

Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) results from ischemic left ventricular (LV) distortion and remodeling, which displaces the papillary muscles and tethers the mitral valve leaflets apically. The aim of this experimental study was to examine efficacy of an adjustable novel polymer filled mesh (poly-mesh) device to reverse LV remodeling and reduce IMR.