Comparing bone resorption after anatomical shoulder arthroplasty between various surgical procedures using a single-stem model

BackgroundIn shoulder arthroplasty, bone resorption around the stem can lead to stem loosening and makes surgery difficult at the time of revision. Proximal bone resorption after reverse shoulder arthroplasty can cause instability because of a decrease of deltoid wrapping effect. As factors of the stem itself, such as stem coating, shape, length, and use of bone cement, may also affect bone resorption, a single-stem model should be used to compare bone resorptions between different pathologies and surgical procedures. However, to date, a few reports have compared these differences in detail using a single-stem model. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence and location of humeral bone resorption in a single-stem model.MethodsThe study included 100 shoulders that underwent anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) or humeral head replacement (HHR) with a single uncemented humeral stem from 2008 to 2018. The patients were 31 men and 69 women. The mean age at surgery was 72.9 years (range, 41-86 years). The patients were divided into three groups: especially, 25, 61, and 14 shoulders received TSA for primary osteoarthritis without rotator cuff tears (TSA group), HHR using an anatomical head with rotator cuff repair for cuff tear arthropathy (CTA) (HHR group), and HHR using a CTA head without rotator cuff repair (CTA group), respectively. Patients were monitored for a mean of 56 months (range, 12-98 months). The location of bone resorption was divided into seven zones as follows: zone 1, greater tuberosity; zone 2, lateral diaphysis; zone 3, lateral diaphysis beyond the deltoid tuberosity; zone 4, tip of the stem; zone 5, medial diaphysis beyond the deltoid tuberosity; zone 6, medial diaphysis; and zone 7, calcar region. The degree of bone resorption was classified from grade 0 to 4.ResultsBone resorption of grade 3 or higher was significantly more frequent at the greater tuberosity in the HHR and CTA groups (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively) than that in the TSA group. Grade 4 bone resorption was significantly more frequent in the CTA than that in the TSA and HHR groups in zone 1 (P = .016 and P = .041, respectively).ConclusionThe state of attachment of the rotator cuff to the greater tuberosity might affect bone resorption at the greater tuberosity, such as the greater tuberosity after shoulder arthroplasty. In cases of shoulder arthroplasty for arthropathy with rotator cuff tear, performing rotator cuff repair might prevent bone resorption.Level of evidenceLevel IV; Prognosis Study     

Anatomic or reverse shoulder arthroplasty: indications and decision-making

Shoulder replacement surgery has become the gold standard treatment for end-stage glenohumeral arthropathies in patients who are fit for surgical treatment. The options include anatomic total shoulder replacement, reverse total shoulder replacement and humeral hemiarthroplasty procedures. Whilst for some patients and some indications there is little debate, decision-making for older patients with osteoarthritis remains one of the hot topics in shoulder surgery. In this article we will explore the treatment options, outcomes, and controversies.     

颞下颌关节骨关节病术后不同辅助治疗效果评价

目的    评价颞下颌关节骨关节病（temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis，TMJOA）术后不同辅助治疗方法的临床效果，为术后康复治疗提供参考。方法    选取2015年6月至2021年11月于中国医科大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科行颞下颌关节盘松解复位固定手术的191例TMJOA患者进行回顾性分析。术后行牙合垫治疗+常规功能训练的63例患者记为牙合垫组，行几丁糖关节腔内注射治疗+常规功能训练的57例患者记为注射组，仅行常规功能训练的71例患者记为对照组。对3组患者治疗前后的疼痛视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分、最大张口度、下颌运动分、肌肉压诊分进行比较分析。结果    治疗前，3组各项评价指标比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。治疗后3个月，3组各项评价指标总的比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）；关于VAS评分、下颌运动分、肌肉压诊分方面，分值由低至高依次为注射组、牙合垫组、对照组，而最大张口度由大至小依次为注射组、牙合垫组、对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；且3组各项评价指标结果均明显优于治疗前（均P < 0.05）。结论    TMJOA患者行颞下颌关节盘松解复位固定手术后采取适当辅助治疗和功能训练均能显著改善颞下颌关节功能，其中几丁糖关节腔内注射治疗结合常规功能训练的效果较佳。     

超声引导下关节腔内注射重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体-抗体融合蛋白(益赛普)治疗血友病性关节病

目的 观察超声引导下关节腔内注射重组人Ⅱ型肿瘤坏死因子受体-抗体融合蛋白（益赛普）治疗血友病性关节病（HA）的价值。方法 回顾性分析32例接受超声引导下穿刺关节腔注射益赛普的HA患者，对比观察治疗前及治疗后1个月血友病关节健康评分（HJHS）、视觉模拟评分（VAS），以及超声所示目标关节增生滑膜厚度、血流信号、Melchiorre及中国早期血友病性关节病超声检测（HEAD-US-C）评分，评估其治疗价值。结果 对32例均成功完成超声引导下穿刺关节腔及腔内注射益赛普，共对18例膝关节、7例肘关节及7例踝关节进行治疗。术后未出现感染、出血等并发症。治疗后1个月，目标关节HJHS、VAS、Melchiorre评分、HEAD-US-C评分及增生滑膜最大厚度、平均厚度、血流信号均低于治疗前（P均<0.01）。结论 超声引导下关节腔内注射益赛普治疗HA安全、有效。