Deficiency of a New Protein Associated with Cardiac Syndrome X; Called Adropin

The pathophysiology of cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is still unclear, but most patients with CSX have endothelial dysfunction. It has been shown that adropin uniquely effects the regulation of endothelial function. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of adropin in CSX. Eighty‐six consecutive cardiac syndrome X‐diagnosed patients and 86 age‐sex matched healthy subjects were enrolled into the study. Serum adropin levels, nitrite/nitrate levels were measured in each subject. The adropin levels were significantly lower in patients with CSX than healthy subjects (1.7 ± 0.8 ng/mL and 3.4 ± 1.8 ng/mL, respectively; P < 0.001). The BMI values of patients with CSX were significantly higher than control subjects (28.1 ± 2.4 kg/m² and 26.0 ± 3.7 kg/m², respectively; P < 0.001). Plasma nitrite/nitrate levels were lower in patients with CSX than control subjects (15.9 ± 1.6   μmol/L vs. 25.4 ± 2.8 μmol/L, respectively; P < 0.001), and they have a significantly positive correlation with plasma adropin levels (r = 0.463, P < 0.001). In the multiple linear regression analysis, nitrite/nitrate levels, BMI, and adropin were found to be independent risk factors for CSX. A ROC curve is used to identify the ability of adropin levels to predict the cardiac syndrome X. The area under the ROC curve was 0.854 for adropin levels (P = 0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity values of adropin levels were 90.7 and 70.9%, respectively (cut‐off value 2.73). In conclusion, lower serum adropin levels were associated with CSX. Adropin is an independent risk factor for CSX.     

妊娠期糖尿病患者血清 adropin 表达及意义

目的：研究妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者血清中 adropin 的表达水平。方法应用1∶1配对的病例对照研究方法,43例 GDM 孕产妇及43例健康孕产妇参与本次研究,匹配的因素为民族、体质量、身高、年龄、孕周。应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测孕产妇血清中 adropin 的浓度,评估 adropin 水平与临床各代谢指标间的相关性。结果 GDM组血清 adropin 水平显著低于对照组(P <0.05);与对照组相比,血清胰岛素稳态指数、空腹胰岛素、甘油三酯及胆固醇水平显著升高(P <0.05);孕产妇血清的 adropin 水平与孕产妇临床各代谢指标间具有明显的相关性,但与新生儿体质量无明显的关系。结论低水平的 adropin 可能参与了 GDM 的病理机制。     

Serum vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and adropin levels in age-related macular degeneration

AIM: To investigate the serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and adropin in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients. METHODS: Ninety-eight AMD patients were included in the study. Seventy-eight age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. Fundus florescein angiography and optical coherence tomography were performed to assess the posterior segment details. Serum VEGFR-2 and adropin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and compared between the study groups. RESULTS: AMD group had significantly increased foveal retinal thickness, serum LDL and HDL levels and significantly decreased subfoveal choroidal thickness (P =0.01, 0.047, 0.025 and <0.001, respectively). Serum VEGFR-2 level revealed a significant decrease in AMD patients compared to controls (26.48±6.44 vs 30.42±7.92 ng/mL, P<0.001). There was an insignificant increase in serum adropin level in AMD patients (6.17±3.19 vs 5.79±2.71 ng/mL, P=0.4) . Serum level of VEGFR-2 in AMD patients had a significant negative correlation with foveal retinal thickness (r=-0.226, P=0.025) and a significant positive correlation with subfoveal choroidal thickness (r=0.2, P=0.048). CONCLUSION: The current study demonstrated that the decreased serum VEGFR-2 level may be considered in the development of AMD. Adropin does not seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of AMD.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清adropin的表达及意义

目的 探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血清adropin的表达水平及其临床意义.方法 以未经治疗的初诊PCOS患者53例作为PCOS组,以21例健康青年女性作为对照组.通过ELISA试剂盒对两组血清中的adropin进行定量,并同时测定血清中的性激素[睾酮(T)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)]、血糖、血脂及胰岛素等指标.结果 PCOS组adropin水平明显低于对照组(P=0.000),PCOS组T(P=0.012)、LH(P=0.027)、FSH(P=0.021)、TG(P=0.029)、LDL(P=0.016)和空腹胰岛素(P=0.04)、餐后1 h(P=0.002)及2 h(P=0.001)的胰岛素水平以及HOMA-IR(P=0.016)均明显高于对照组.adropin与HOMA-IR呈负相关(r=-0.382,P=0.005).adropin的ROC曲线AUC=0.791(95%CI 0.690~0.871),灵敏度为98.11%,特异度为63.64%,临界值为3.8 ng/mL.结论 PCOS患者血清adropin水平降低,且与胰岛素水平及HOMA-IR呈负相关,在PCOS的诊断上有一定的价值,有望成为诊断PCOS的新指标和潜在治疗新靶点.     

子宫内膜癌患者血清adropin的表达及意义

目的:研究子宫内膜癌患者血清中adropin的表达水平及意义.方法:应用1∶1配对的病例对照研究方法,匹配的因素为体质指数和年龄.应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清中adropin的浓度,评估adropin水平与临床各代谢指标间的相关性.结果:子宫内膜癌(EC)组血清adropin水平显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).与对照组相比,EC组血清胰岛素稳态指数、空腹胰岛素、甘油三酯及胆固醇水平显著升高,且血清的adropin水平与临床各代谢指标间具有明显的相关性.EC组血清adropin水平与血清胰岛素稳态指数、空腹胰岛素、甘油三酯、胆固醇水平呈负相关,对照组未发现血清adropin水平与年龄具有明显的相关性.结论:低水平的adropin可能参与了子宫内膜癌的病理机制.     

阿托伐他汀钙对人脐静脉内皮细胞adropin表达的影响

目的：探讨阿托伐他汀钙对人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）adropin表达的影响。方法不同浓度的阿托伐他汀钙（0.002、0.02、0.2、2和20μmol/L）与HUVEC共培养6、12和24 h。采用MTT法检测HUVEC的增殖情况。半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测HUVEC adropin mRNA的表达。ELISA法测定细胞上清液中adropin的浓度。结果阿托伐他汀钙在0.002-20μmol/L范围均能促进HUVEC的增殖，20μmol/L（与对照组比较P＜0.05）和24 h（与6 h时比较P＜0.05）时作用最强。阿托伐他汀钙呈浓度依赖性和时间依赖性增加了adropin mRNA的表达和培养上清液中adropin蛋白的浓度，在20μmol/L（与对照组比较P＜0.01）和24 h（与6 h时比较P＜0.01）作用最强。HUVEC上清液中adropin蛋白浓度与反映细胞增殖的OD值呈明显正相关（12 h，P=0.001；24 h，P＜0.001）。结论阿托伐他汀钙在一定范围内能够促进HUVEC adropin相关基因及蛋白的表达，且呈剂量和时间依赖性。