中医五行音乐疗法结合耳穴压豆改善肝火扰心失眠患者的效果体会

目的:探讨中医五行音乐疗法结合耳穴压豆改善肝火扰心失眠患者的效果。方法:选择我院在2016年10月1日-2018年9月30日收治的60例肝火扰心失眠患者。随机分为观察组与对照组各30例,对照组采用耳穴压豆法治疗,观察组采用中医五行音乐疗法结合耳穴压豆法治疗。治疗后比较两组的中医证候积分、睡眠时间与睡眠质量。结果:经过4个疗程治疗后,观察组中医证候积分低于对照组,睡眠时间长于对照组,睡眠质量优于对照组,组间各项数据均有明显差异,P<0.05。结论:在治疗肝火扰心失眠时,中医五行音乐疗法结合耳穴压豆法的临床疗效比常规药物治疗的疗效更加明显,患者失眠情况改善明显,值得在临床上进一步推广应用。     

Using recreational cannabis to treat insomnia: Evidence from over-the-counter sleep aid sales in Colorado

This study seeks to understand whether people substitute between recreational cannabis and conventional over-the-counter (OTC) sleep medications. UPC-level grocery store scanner data in a multivariable panel regression design were used to compare the change in the monthly market share of sleep aids with varying dispensary-based recreational cannabis access (existence, sales, and count) in Colorado counties between 12/2013 and 12/2014. We measured annually-differenced market shares for sleep aids as a portion of the overall OTC medication market, thus accounting for store-level demand shifts in OTC medication markets and seasonality, and used the monthly changes in stores’ sleep aid market share to control for short-term trends. Relative to the overall OTC medication market, sleep aid market shares were growing prior to recreational cannabis availability. The trend reverses (a 236% decrease) with dispensary entry (−0.33 percentage points, 95% CI −0.43 to −0.24, p < 0.01) from a mean market share growth of 0.14 ± 0.97. The magnitude of the market share decline increases as more dispensaries enter a county and with higher county-level cannabis sales. The negative associations are driven by diphenhydramine- and doxylamine-based sleep aids rather than herbal sleep aids and melatonin. These findings support survey evidence that many individuals use cannabis to treat insomnia, although sleep disturbances are not a specific qualifying condition under any U.S. state-level medical cannabis law. Investigations designed to measure the relative effectiveness and side effect profiles of conventional OTC sleep aids and cannabis-based products are urgently needed to improve treatment of sleep disturbances while minimizing potentially serious negative side effects.     

耳穴埋针配合薄氏腹针治疗失眠症临床疗效观察

目的：评价耳穴埋针配合薄氏腹针治疗失眠症的应用价值。方法：将60例患者依数字随机法分为对照组、治疗组各30例，其中对照组依常规对症处理，合理使用安眠药，治疗组进行耳穴埋针配合薄氏腹针治疗？结果：对照组有效率66．67％，治疗组有效率为93．33％。结论：治疗组的总有效率优于对照组，两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）结论：耳穴埋针配合薄氏腹针治疗失眠症疗效显著，无副作用，患者易于接受。     

Limitations of current medical treatments for depression: Disturbed circadian rhythms as a possible therapeutic target

The proportion of diagnosed depressives prescribed antidepressants has increased markedly over the last 20 years, mainly following the introduction of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, currently available antidepressants have notable limitations, relating to their only moderate efficacy relative to placebo, relatively slow onset of action, possible withdrawal symptoms, and problems of compliance. Sleep disturbances are often used to identify newly presenting depressive patients, and may be part of a more general alteration of bodily rhythms. There are links between pharmacological treatments and circadian rhythms in depression, which might represent another, new option for the development of a therapeutic approach to depression treatment. Many antidepressants affect sleep, some are sedative, and others have been used specifically in severely insomniac depressives. Disturbances in circadian rhythms may be an integral part of depressive mechanisms, and normalising them via an innovative mechanism of antidepressant action may be a fruitful avenue in the search for improved antidepressant agents.     

健康教育对改善失眠症患者睡眠质量影响的研究

目的探讨健康教育在改善社区失眠症患者睡眠质量中的作用。方法将在北京某社区卫生服务站就诊的100例失眠症患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组50例。分别两组患者进行健康教育和常规治疗。健康教育包括改变失眠症患者对睡眠的不正确认识和态度,培养良好的睡眠习惯。6个月后对两组人员进行睡眠状况评价。结果失眠症的发病原因是经济压力、学习工作压力为主。两组患者健康教育后匹兹堡睡眠质量指数各因子分及总分比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。实验组睡眠状况明显改善的为80%,对照组睡眠状况明显改善的为8%,有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论健康教育可以改善失眠症患者的睡眠状况,提高睡眠质量。     

Heart rate changes in chronic insomnia

This study assessed physiological activity in patients with chronic insomnia before sleep, during sleep and in response to acute stress. Twenty-four subjects with chronic insomnia and 25 normal sleepers slept in the laboratory overnight and were given a stressful performance task in the morning. Heart rate was significantly higher in the insomniac group at night. The next morning, heart rate was not different at baseline, but was significantly higher during the performance task in the insomniac group. These results are discussed as supporting the notion that insomniacs have greater physiological responsivity to stress. Further research is needed to determine if altered physiological activity is a cause or consequence of insomnia.     

中药香袋敷贴神阙穴治疗126例失眠症临床观察

目的观察自行研制的中药香袋敷贴神阙穴治疗失眠的临床疗效。方法126例失眠症患者运用中药香袋每晚敷贴神阙穴，疗程14d。通过SPIEGEL量表比较治疗前后积分以评定临床疗效。结果中药香袋神阙穴敷贴对轻中度失眠症疗效较佳，尤其适用于肝郁瘀阻、肝气偏旺和肝郁化火型失眠症。结论中药香袋敷贴神阙穴治疗失眠疗效确切，简便易行。     

综合医院精神科会诊患者失眠的临床研究

目的：探讨综合医院精神科会诊患者失眠的临床特征及与其它精神障碍的关系。方法：对168例精神科会诊患者进行分析。结果：128例(76、2％)会诊患者有失眠．其中61．7％(79／128)为慢性失眠。原发性失眠仅占5．5％(7／128)，85．1％(109／128)是与其它精神障碍有关的失眠。常见的精神障碍诊断为焦虑障碍、心境障碍和谵妄。60．9％的失眠患者在会诊前得到了处理。结论：应对临床医师进行精神卫生教育，提高他们对失眠等常见精神障碍的识别和处理能力。     

The zurich study

Summary This study describes sleep behaviour and insomnia in a representative cohort of a Swiss population. Interviews were carried out prospectively from age 20–21 to 27–28 years, starting with 292 males and 299 females. Females usually go to bed earlier and sleep 30 min longer than males. Taking into account length and periodicity of insomnia we can distinguish occasional insomnia (OI), repeated brief insomnia (RBI), and continued insomnia (CI), defined by operational criteria. The prevalence of sleep problems is stable from age 21–28, at 36%–40%. CI (prevalence 8%–10%) and RBI (13%–19%) are both medical problems in terms of treatment by professionals (10%–17%) or self-medication (7%–12%). The majority of insomniacs cope with sleep problems in various other ways. Frequency and patterns of symptoms of insomnia are described.The authors thank P. J. Clayton, M.D., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, for advice and critical suggestions and for the coining of the terms repeated brief insomnia and continued insomnia.Project supported by grant 3.948.0.85 from the Swiss National Science Foundation.Parts of this article were presented on the occasion of the inauguration ceremony of the Department of Psychiatry of the University of Mainz on April 2 and 3, 1987     

基诺族睡眠状况调查及分析

目的:了解基诺族睡眠的一些基本情况、失眠症的发生率和治疗情况.方法:使用自拟的"基诺族睡眠情况调查表",通过入户调查和现场访谈对126名基诺族人进行调查.结果:随年龄增长基诺族人的睡眠时间渐减少.<30岁年龄组有午睡习惯的比例高于30岁以上年龄组,差异有统计学显著性.34.12%(43人)符合失眠症诊断,失眠原因以各种精神疾病(41.86%)和酒依赖(30.23%)最为常见.失眠患者中, 就诊率为25.58% (11例).结论:基诺族睡眠的基本情况与国内其他人群相比有一些共同之处;失眠发生率较高,但由于本研究样本量和样本选择的不足,此结果还需进一步证实.