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Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide, with a relatively high proportion of patients experiencing resistance to standard treatments. Cellular immunotherapy (CI), which is based on the extraction, modification, and re-infusion of the patient’s immune cells, is showing promising results in these patients. Among CI possible approaches, adoptive cell therapy (ACT) and dendritic cell (DC) vaccination are the most comprehensively explored in both primary/translational research studies and clinical trials. ACT may include the use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), T cell receptor (TCR)-, or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T-cells. There are indications suggesting that a biomarker-based approach might be beneficial in effectively selecting breast cancer patients for CI. Here, we sought to provide the current knowledge of CI in breast cancer, focusing on candidate biomarkers, ongoing clinical trials, limitations, and immediate future perspectives. 相似文献
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Within a few years, the success of treatments based on the use of T-cells armed with a chimeric T-receptor for the CD19 molecule (CAR-T CD19) has revolutionized the perception of adoptive transfer approaches. The levels of responses observed in acute leukemias, of the order of 70–90 % are indeed unprecedented. The medical and financial enthusiasm aroused by these results has led to the current situation where more than 300 clinical trials are under way, against some thirty different antigens. This enthusiasm, well justified by the first successes, must however be tempered by the difficulties associated with the use of these cells. Indeed, the management of patients is made very complex both for medical reasons, because the toxicities associated with these treatments are important, and for technical reasons, because the preparation of T lymphocytes for therapeutic use requires dedicated structures. During this same period, knowledge of the mechanisms of regulation of T lymphocytes and the possibilities offered by synthetic biology and techniques of genome engineering have progressed considerably. Combined, they allow envisaging a true “programming” of the T lymphocytes, intended to improve the efficiency of the treatments and the safety of the patients. Medical and industrial perspectives and the role of these approaches in the arsenal of cancer therapies will depend largely on two conditions: the emergence of a robust demonstration of their effectiveness in solid tumors, and the establishment of an acceptable production and distribution model 1. 相似文献
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Carlos A. Ramos Rayne Rouce Catherine S. Robertson Amy Reyna Neeharika Narala Gayatri Vyas Birju Mehta Huimin Zhang Olga Dakhova George Carrum Rammurti T. Kamble Adrian P. Gee Zhuyong Mei Meng-Fen Wu Hao Liu Bambi Grilley Cliona M. Rooney Helen E. Heslop Gianpietro Dotti 《Molecular therapy》2018,26(12):2727-2737
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冯振卿 《南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(7):937-939
由于存在肿瘤异质性和免疫抑制微环境等因素,CAR?T细胞治疗实体瘤还未显示出明显的临床疗效。针对实体瘤治疗,近年在CAR?T细胞制备方面已有较大进展。本文就近年来在实体瘤治疗方面CAR?T细胞技术的研究进展和未来发展趋势进行评述。 相似文献
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Guangna Liu Wei Rui Hongli Zheng Daosheng Huang Fei Yu Yuewei Zhang Jiahong Dong Xueqiang Zhao Xin Lin 《European journal of immunology》2020,50(5):712-724
Unlike hematological malignancies, solid tumors have proved to be less susceptible to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, which is partially caused by reduced accumulation of therapeutic T cells in tumor site. Since efficient trafficking is the precondition and pivotal step for infused CAR-T cells to exhibit their anti-tumor function, strategies are highly needed to improve the trafficking ability of CAR-T cells for solid tumor treatment. Here, based on natural lymphocyte chemotaxis theory and characteristics of solid tumor microenvironments, we explored the possibility of enhancing CAR-T cell trafficking by using chemokine receptors. Our study found that compared with other chemokines, several CXCR2 ligands showed relatively high expression level in human hepatocellular carcinoma tumor tissues and cell lines. However, both human peripheral T cells and hepatocellular carcinoma tumor infiltrating T cells lacked expression of CXCR2. CXCR2-expressing CAR-T cells exhibited identical cytotoxicity but displayed significantly increased migration ability in vitro. In a xenograft tumor model, we found that expressing CXCR2 in CAR-T cells could significantly accelerate in vivo trafficking and tumor-specific accumulation, and improve anti-tumor effect of these cells. 相似文献