22省(市)老年人睡眠障碍现况调查

目的 对全国老年人的睡眠障碍现况进行分析,发现老年人睡眠存在问题,为采取对策提供依据.方法 采用按比例男女、城乡分层抽样的方法在全国范围内对老年人进行问卷调查,调查工具为匹兹堡睡眠质量问卷(PSQI).全部资料用SPSS11.0软件包进行统计分析.结果 共回收有效问卷2102份,PSQI平均得分为7.19±3.84,睡眠质量差者占49.9%,总体分析南方差于北方、女性差于男性、农村差于城市、文化水平低者差于文化水平高者,具有统计学意义,大部分项目P＜0.01或P＜0.05.结论 老年人睡眠质量差,应引起重视.     

重点初中新生的睡眠质量及其相关因素分析

目的 了解重点初中新生的睡眠质量及其相关因素。为提高新生睡眠质量的研究提供资料。方法 采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）和自制的相关因素调查袁，在新生入校第4周进行问卷调查，并与非重点初中新生进行比较。结果 匹兹堡睡眠质量总均分及睡眠质量、日间功能障碍两因子分，重点中学新生均高于非重点中学新生，差异具有显著性（P〈0．01）;影响学生睡眠质量的因素有学业负担过重、竞争性强及个人情绪3个因素。结论 重点初中新生睡眠质量存在一定问题，应引起学校、家庭和社会的关注。     

甲状腺机能亢进症患者睡眠质量及其影响因素

本文采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（ＰＳＱＩ）测试了１２８例甲亢患者。结果发现年龄≥３５岁的甲亢患者ＰＳＱＩ总均分高于年龄＜３５岁组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；８７．５％的甲亢患者有睡眠问题，９．３８％的患者睡眠质量较差，女性患者睡眠质量较差者的发生率明显高于男性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。甲亢患者睡眠质量与年龄、性别、抑郁、焦虑、躯体化症状、人际关系等因素呈极显著正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示在积极应用抗甲状腺药物治疗的同时，应提高睡眠质量和调整心理健康状态。     

Sleep and Depression in Postpartum Women: A Population-Based Study

Study Objectives:

(1) To describe the prevalence of and risk factors for postpartum maternal sleep problems and depressive symptoms simultaneously, (2) identify factors independently associated with either condition, and (3) explore associations between specific postpartum sleep components and depression.

Design:

Cross-sectional.

Setting:

Population-based.

Participants:

All women (n = 4191) who had delivered at Stavanger University Hospital from October 2005 to September 2006 were mailed a questionnaire seven weeks postpartum. The response rate was 68% (n = 2830).

Interventions:

None.

Measurements and results:

Sleep was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and depressive symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The prevalence of sleep problems, defined as PSQI > 5, was 57.7%, and the prevalence of depression, defined as EPDS ≥ 10, was 16.5%. The mean self-reported nightly sleep duration was 6.5 hours and sleep efficiency 73%. Depression, previous sleep problems, being primiparous, not exclusively breastfeeding, or having a younger or male infant were factors associated with poor postpartum sleep quality. Poor sleep was also associated with depression when adjusted for other significant risk factors for depression, such as poor partner relationship, previous depression, depression during pregnancy and stressful life events. Sleep disturbances and subjective sleep quality were the aspects of sleep most strongly associated with depression.

Conclusions:

Poor sleep was associated with depression independently of other risk factors. Poor sleep may increase the risk of depression in some women, but as previously known risk factors were also associated, mothers diagnosed with postpartum depression are not merely reporting symptoms of chronic sleep deprivation.

Citation:

Dørheim SK; Bondevik GT; Eberhard-Gran M; Bjorvatn B. Sleep and depression in postpartum women: a population-based study. SLEEP 2009;32(7):847-855.     

Is there any mediatory association between health-related quality of life and eating behaviors to affect dietary inflammatory index (DII) among reproductive-aged women? A structural equation modeling approach

BackgroundIn the current study, we aimed to evaluate the association between dietary inflammatory potential, eating patterns, and quality of life among women.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 278 reproductive-aged women with obesity or overweight. Validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), the Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire, the three-factor eating questionnaire (TFEQ)-18, and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were used to evaluate dietary intakes, quality of life, eating behaviors, and sleep quality, respectively. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the association between variables.ResultsBeing unemployed, single, and having no children were determinants of choosing a diet with higher inflammatory potential. In multivariate logistic regression, higher DII scores were associated with lower quality of life components. In structural equation modeling, DII was negatively associated with waist circumference and cognitive restraint.ConclusionWomen with higher restraint scores and women with higher waist circumferences were more likely to follow an anti-inflammatory diet. Further studies are warranted to better elucidate the mediatory associations between assessed variables to affect DII in this population.     

舰艇官兵海上长航期睡眠状况调查及预测模型建立

目的　了解某大型水面舰艇官兵长航期睡眠状态,分析其相关因素,建立预测模型。方法　以海军某大型水面舰艇官兵为研究对象,采用匹兹堡睡眠指数量表（PSQI）、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表（DASS-21）调查官兵的睡眠状况。采用Spearman秩相关分析及多重线性回归法探讨官兵睡眠障碍的独立影响因素并建立睡眠障碍预测模型。结果　共发放问卷240份,回收有效问卷222份,问卷有效率92.50%。PSQI总分为（8.78±3.73）分,163例（73.42%）舰艇官兵存在睡眠障碍（PSQI总分≥7分）,不同睡眠状况舰艇官兵的抑郁、焦虑、压力三大负性情绪有显著差异（P均<0.000）,而性别、婚姻状况、年龄、文化程度、是否独生子女、家庭性质等一般资料差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。Spearman秩相关分析显示,PSQI总分与军龄、上舰时间、作业岗位、负性情绪（抑郁、焦虑、压力）均呈正相关（r均>0）且有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。进一步多重线性回归分析显示官兵作业岗位（P=0.004）和焦虑因子（P=0.049）是长航期睡眠障碍的独立影响因素,占总影响因素的26.40%（校正R2=0.264）,回归方程为PSQImax=4.657＋0.511×作业岗位＋0.255×焦虑因子。结论　舰艇官兵长航期睡眠障碍发生率较高,特殊岗位及存在焦虑情绪者应予以关注并尽早干预。     

Factor structure of the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in breast cancer patients

ObjectiveThe Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is used extensively to assess subjective sleep disturbance in cancer populations. Although previous studies on the PSQI suggested a better fit for a two- or three-factor model than the original one-factor model, none accounted for the indicator-specific effect between sleep duration and habitual sleep efficiency. This study evaluated the PSQI’s dimensionality and its convergent validity with cancer-related psychopathological states in female breast cancer patients.MethodsThe PSQI was administered to 197 women with breast cancer. Confirmatory factor analysis examined the relative fit of one-, two-, three-, and revised one-factor models. The PSQI’s convergent validity was evaluated via bivariate correlations between the PSQI factor scores and measures of anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain, and quality of life.ResultsConfirmatory factor analyses showed an adequate fit for the revised one-factor model with the PSQI global score as the overall index of sleep disturbance. Although the revised one- and two-factor solutions showed statistically equivalent model fits, the one-factor model was selected due to utility reasons. The severity of sleep dysfunction that the PSQI global score represented was positively correlated with anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain, and reduced quality of life.ConclusionThe results support the PSQI’s original unidimensional structure, demonstrating that the PSQI global score is a valid and parsimonious measure for assessing and screening sleep dysfunction in cancer patients.     

大学生睡眠质量与体质类型相关性的研究

目的 探讨大学生睡眠质量状况与体质类型分布特点及二者相关性.方法 采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表与中医体质评定量表,对5 202例大学生的PSQI各因子及总分与中医体质分布情况进行统计描述与分析.结果 大学生睡眠问题检出率为44.4％(2 309/5 202).存在睡眠质量问题大学生偏颇体质占98.5％(2 275/2 309),其中偏颇体质以阳虚体质最多.2 309例存在睡眠质量问题的大学生PSQI量表睡眠时间与阳虚质、阴虚质呈正相关;睡眠效率、睡眠障碍与阴虚质、湿热质呈正相关;入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率与痰湿体质呈负相关;睡眠质量各指标均与平和质呈负相关.结论 大学生睡眠质量较差,睡眠质量与其体质类型存在内在相关性.     

甜梦口服液联合右佐匹克隆治疗脑梗死后失眠症的疗效观察

目的探讨甜梦口服液联合右佐匹克隆治疗脑梗死后失眠症临床疗效。方法选取2014年7月—2015年7月在铁岭市中心医院神经内科接受治疗的脑梗死后失眠症患者96例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各48例。对照组患者睡前口服右佐匹克隆片,初始剂量1.5 mg/次,3 d后3 mg/次。治疗组在对照组基础上口服甜梦口服液,20 m L/次,3次/d。两组患者均治疗1个月。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组改良爱丁堡–斯堪的那维亚卒中量表(MESSS)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)评分和综合医院焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)评分情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为83.33%、95.83%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组MESSS评分、PSQI评分和HAD评分均明显降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标的下降程度明显优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论甜梦口服液联合右佐匹克隆治疗脑梗死后失眠症具有较好的临床疗效,有利于患者神经功能恢复,提高患者睡眠质量,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

围绝经期妇女更年期症状与睡眠质量的关系

目的探究围绝经期妇女更年期症状与睡眠质量的关系。方法采用自制的围绝经期妇女更年期症状与睡眠质量关系调查表,匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）、焦虑自评表（SAS）、汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、围绝经期综合征改良Kupperman评分量表及世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表,对106例围绝经期患者进行问卷调查和统计学处理。结果平均PSQI总分6.359±4.099;31.13%的围绝经期患者睡眠质量较差;文化程度、月经情况与睡眠质量比较无统计学差异;年龄、职业、经济收入、抑郁、更年期症状为影响围绝经期妇女睡眠的危险因素（均P＜0.05）。结论围绝经期门诊患者存在睡眠障碍的比例较高,更年期症状,尤其抑郁症状是影响更年期妇女睡眠质量的重要危险因素。