ATOM P-600输液泵常见故障及检修

本文简单介绍了ATOM P-600输液泵的基本原理及组成结构,并对气泡报警、阻塞报警、流速不准、Err1＆Err2报警及其处理方法进行了分析。     

胰高血糖素样肽-1的研究进展

胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)是由远端回肠、直肠和结肠内分泌L细胞分泌的一种十分重要的肠促胰岛素,在调节体内葡萄糖稳态中起重要作用。其在胰腺内的主要生理学作用包括进食后刺激胰岛素的分泌和生物合成、促进胰腺β细胞的增殖、抑制其凋亡及抑制胰高血糖素的分泌。大量研究表明,在胰岛素作用的靶器官肝脏、骨骼肌和脂肪组织上亦存在高亲和力的GLP-1结合位点,GLP-1可促进肝脏、骨骼肌和脂肪组织的糖原合成和脂肪生成。此外,GLP-1受体还分布于神经、心血管、胃肠、肺脏组织等,其分布的广泛性也决定其作用的广泛性,具有多种生物学作用,这使得它成为一种治疗糖尿病的新型药物,具有很好的临床应用前景。近年来,人们对GLP-1在胰腺内、外的作用进行了广泛研究,现将其进展综述如下。     

老年2型糖尿病患者血清内生肌酐清除率与代谢综合征的相关性探讨

目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病患者血清内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)与代谢综合征(MS)及其主要组成成分的相关性.方法 选择我院住院的老年2型糖尿病患者329例,根据有无MS分为不伴MS组(144例)和伴MS组(185例),比较2组血清肌酐清除率,分析其与代谢综合征及其主要组成成分的相关性.结果 329例老年2型糖尿病患者中代谢综合征患病率达56.23%(185例);与不伴MS组相比,伴MS组患者BMI、血清TG、收缩压、舒张压明显增高,HDL-C、Ccr[(105.2±28.1)比(93.1±29.1)ml/(min·1.73 m2)]明显降低(均P＜0.05);Ccr与BMI、TG、SBP、DBP及代谢异常集聚数目呈显著负相关;调整了年龄、性别、糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白后,Ccr与代谢综合征及其主要组成成分中的TG、B MI、DBP呈显著负相关.结论 老年2型糖尿病患者代谢综合征患病率高,积极多因素干预治疗可能有助于糖尿病肾病的防治.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the relevance between endogenous creatinine clearance rate(Ccr) and metabolic syndrome and its components in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods Totally 392 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into two groups based on with/without metabolic syndrome. Compared the changes of Ccr in the two groups. The relationship between Ccr and metabolic syndrome and its components was analyzed. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in 329 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes was 56.23%;compared to N MS group, the levels of body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) in MS group increased obviously, but high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDLnegative correlation with BMI, TG, SBP, DBP and the number of metabolism mustering(r=-0.190, -0.277, -0.156, - 0.128, -0.214, P ＜ 0.05 ). After adjusting the age, gender, the ascend duration of diabetes and glycosylated hemoglobin A1C, Ccr had a negative correlation with metabolic syndrome and it's components of TG, BMI,DBP( P＜0.05). Conclusion There is high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. It helps to prevent and treat diabetic nephropathy by controlling the levels of the components of metabolic syndrome.     

护理教育中应用多媒体网络技术的发展现状

随着信息技术的飞速发展和校园网络化的进一步推进,人们对网络知识的掌握越来越普及,各种以网络为媒介的教学方式也越来越受到重视和倡导,教育信息化成为教育发展的必然趋势[1].护理学是一个发展较快的学科,各高等院校也相继开设了高等护理教育课程.然而,当前仍然有不少高校的护理教育课程采用的主要是课堂教学,很难调动学生学习的积极性.因此,顺应信息时代的发展,利用多媒体网络技术成为现代护理教育的重要途径.护理教育多媒体网络技术不仅为传统教育注入了活力,而且因其具有教学过程的交互性、教学资源的共享性和教学信息的综合性,在护理教育中越来越受重视,并逐步显示其独有的优势[2,3].     

经皮扩张气管切开术在急性重度喉梗阻治疗中的临床应用

目的:探讨经皮扩张气管切开术在急性重度喉梗阻治疗中的临床效果。方法:以2017年1月至2018年5月住院的急性重度喉梗阻患者62例为对照组,采用传统气管切开术;以2018年6月至2019年11月住院的急性重度喉梗阻患者62例为研究组,采用经皮扩张气管切开术。比较两组患者手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、气管切开相关并发症。结果:研究组手术时间和切口愈合时间明显短于对照组(P0.01);研究组术中出血量、手术并发症明显少于对照组(P0.01)。结论:经皮扩张气管切开术具有术程短、术中出血少、创伤小、恢复快、并发症少的特点,建议在急性重度喉梗阻患者建立人工气道中推广应用。     

罗格列酮对OLETF大鼠肺组织TGF-β1/Smad信号转导途径的影响

目的 探讨罗格列酮对自发性2型糖尿病Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty(OLETF)大鼠肺组织转化生长因子(TGF)-β1 /Smad信号转导途径的影响.方法 OLETF大鼠16只,分为未治疗的OLETF组和接受罗格列酮治疗组(OLETF/L组)各8只,设Long Evans Tokus...     

特发性肾出血36例诊治分析

目的：探讨特发性肾出血的诊断与治疗,提高其诊治水平。方法：回顾性分析2000年1月～2010年8月我科收治的特发性肾出血36例。结果：36例患者中肾动静脉瘘28例,微小肾盂及。肾盏癌4例,肾动脉瘤3例,肾假性动脉瘤1例。其中29例行选择性肾动脉栓塞术,2例行肾切除术,4例行肾盂癌根治术,所有治疗后患者血尿均消失;1例因肾动静脉瘘多处,未进行治疗。结论：外科常见的特发性肾出血病例以肾血管疾病最为常见,选择性肾动脉造影及肾动脉栓塞术对特发性肾出血的诊治有重要意义。对于难以确诊的特发性肾出血患者,要考虑到微小肾盂肾盏癌的可能,输尿管软镜检查对其诊断有一定帮助。     

手术治疗2型糖尿病合并肥胖症26例

目的：探讨胃肠外科手术在治疗2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并肥胖症中的意义。方法：对26例T2DM合并肥胖症的患者行胃减容和胃肠短路手术,观察术后血糖、体质指数（BMI）等指标的变化。结果：术后1年空腹血糖4.9-8.8 mmol/L,平均6.3 mmol/L。治疗T2DM有效率100%,治愈率42.3%。体质量降低5-42 kg,平均降低17.5 kg。BMI降至20.8-32.0,平均25.5。结论：胃减容和胃肠短路手术是治疗T2DM合并肥胖症可行、有效的方法。     

Slug在胰腺癌中的表达及干扰Slug对胰腺癌转移的影响

目的 探讨Slug和E-CADHERIN(E-cadherin)表达与胰腺癌转移的关系以及干扰Slug转录因子对胰腺癌转移的影响.方法 采用免疫组化和RT-PCR技术分别检测36例胰腺癌组织中Slug、E-cadherin和mRNA表达.将肝脏高转移潜能的胰腺癌细胞株SW1990H4,分为3组:对照组、空载体质粒(shRNA-1)和转染干扰S1ug质粒(Slug-shRNA-1),观察Slug对E-cadherin mRNA表达的逆转作用,及对SW1990H4体外侵袭、运动的抑制作用.结果 胰腺癌组织中Slug高表达,而E-cadherin低表达.转移组胰腺癌组织中Slug蛋白和mRNA表达明显高于非转移组,差异分别有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而E-cadherin在转移组胰腺癌中无表达.PCR产物凝胶电泳结果显示,Slug mRNA在空白对照组SW1990H4中表达为0.985±0.016,E-cadherin mRNA表达为0.120±0.001.shRNA-1时转染48 h时,Slug mRNA的表达水平为0.973±0.014,E-cadherin mRNA表达水平分别0.160±0.001,与对照组比差异分别无统计学意义(P＞0.05).转染Slug-shRNA-1组瞬时转染48 h时,Slug mRNA的表达水平为0.554±0.011,E-cadherin mRNA表达水平为0.36±0.002,与对照组和shRNA-1组比差异分别有统计学意义(P＜0.05).SW1990H4稳定转染后,shRNA-1和Slug-shRNA-1组Slug mRNA表达水平分别为0.968±0.015,0.206±0.017,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而E-cadherin mRNA表达水平分别为0.18±0.002,0.727±0.006,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).体外细胞运动实验表明,对照组、转染shRNA-1和SlugshRNA-1组跨膜细胞数393±28、352±24、96±13,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).重组细胞基底膜(Matrige1)侵袭实验显示,3组穿透基底膜细胞数分别为223±69、202±64、65±19,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 Slug高表达,E-cadherin低表达与胰腺癌的转移相关.胰腺癌细胞中存在Slug mRNA与E-cadherin mRNA表达的逆转关系,抑制Slug mRNA的表达对胰腺癌细胞的侵袭和运动有抑制作用,可能为胰腺癌转移的基因治疗提供新的靶点.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate expression of slug and E-cadherin in pancreatic cancer tissues and determine the inhibitory effects of anti-Slug, an anti-sense plasmid, on the invasion of pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro. Methods Slug and E-cadherin protein and mRNA was analyzed by IHP and RT-PCR in 36 cases of pancreatic cancer. Then anti-Slug plasmid was transfected into herin and Slug expression. The inhibitory effects of anti-sense Slug were also detected by Transwell motility assay and Matrigel invasion assay. Results The expression of Slug and mRNA in metastatic pancreatic cancer tissue was higher than that in non-metastatic tissue. E-cadherin and mRNA was lower in metastasis tissues(P＜0.05). The inverse relationships were further observed by transient transfection of anti-Slug into SW1990H4 cells. The downregulated expression of Slug and re-expression of E-cadherin were found. The Slug mRNA levels were 0.985±0.016,0.973±0.014, 0. 554±0. 011 after 0, 48 h of transfection of anti-sense Slug, and that of E-cadherin were 0.120±0.001, 0.360±0.002, 0. 727±0. 006, respectively. The diference was significant between different time points (P＜0.05). The Slug mRNA levels were 0. 206±0.017, 0.968±0.015, and that of E-cadherin were 0. 18±0.002,0.727±0.006 after stable transfection of anti-sense Slug, and control plasmid, respectively. The diference was significant (P＜0.05). The motility activity(393±28, 352±24, 96 ±13 )and the invasion activity (223 ± 69, 202 ± 64, 65 ±19) of1 antisense Slug transfectant cells were significantly decreased as compared with those of control cells (P＜0.05). Conclusions Higher expression of slug and lower expression of E-cadherin is related to the invasion and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. A reverse corelation of E-cadherin and Slug expression exists in pancreatic cancer. Slug is possibly a potential target for cancer gene therapy blocking invasion and metastasis in human pancreatic cancer.     

浅表性膀胱癌术后膀胱灌注吡柔比星/羟喜树碱的临床观察

目的 观察膀胱灌注吡柔比星(THP)/羟喜树碱(HCPT)预防浅表性膀胱癌术后复发和并发症的疗效.方法 62例浅表性膀胱癌术后患者,随机分为两组:Ⅰ组THP(32例),Ⅱ组HCPT(30例),所有病例分别于术后6 h(TURBT)和1周(膀胱部分切除术和TURBT合并膀胱穿孔者)开始规律膀胱灌注化疗,比较膀胱癌复发率、...