高危新生儿接种酶母重组乙肝疫苗12年效果

[目的]评价接种酶母重组乙肝疫苗（基因疫苗）的免疫效果与免疫持久性，为基因疫苗的推广应用及高危新生儿乙型肝炎的预防提供依据。[方法]1985年－1986年HBsAg( ）产妇93例及所生的新生儿94例，按0，1，6免疫程序接种美国Merck基因疫苗（5μg/剂），分别于免疫接种后6个月，12个月及12周岁后采血放射免疫法（RIA）作HBsAg及抗－HBs检测。[结果]新生儿接种基因疫苗12年后，母亲HGsAg阳性但HBeAg阴性者（单阳性）的HBsAg阳性率为4．17％，显著低于母亲HBsAg及HBeAg均阳性者（双阳性）的23．40％（P＜0．05）。两组对象12周岁时的免疫保护率分别为91．66％与74．00％，联合使用乙肝免疫球蛋白（HBIG）并未显示出能提高基因疫苗接种者的HBsAg阻断率及抗－HBs血清阳转率（P＞0．05）。[结论]Merck基因疫苗的短期和远期免疫效果可以肯定，其对于乙肝高危产妇所生儿童的有效保护率至少可以持续１２年，联合使用ＢＨＩＧ并不增加基因疫苗的长期免疫效果，基因疫苗可以取代乙肝血源疫苗，并将在乙肝免疫预防中发挥重要的作用。     

游戏男友

Apple说，她的男朋友整天沉迷在网络游戏里，已经25岁的人了，还对游戏那么痴狂，以后的日子要怎么过呢？她现在已经搞不清楚他们之间是不是还有爱情？如果有，是虚拟世界里的真实，还是真实世界里的虚幻？     

江苏启东地区乙型肝炎疫苗接种人群HBV感染与ABO血型的关系

目的 分析江苏启东地区乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗接种人群HBV感染与ABO血型的关系。方法 2018—2020年随机抽取江苏启东市乙肝干预研究队列中的12 214例为研究对象。其中,新生儿期接种乙肝疫苗6 595例(疫苗组),未接种乙肝疫苗5 619例(对照组)。检测ABO血型、HBsAg、HBV表面抗体(抗-HBs)和HBV核心抗体(抗-HBc),分析不同血型与HBV感染之间的关系。结果 12 214例中,AB型1 122例,A型3 585例,B型3 466例,O型4 041例。疫苗组HBsAg和抗-HBc阳性率分布为1.79%和4.76%,低于对照组的7.54%和23.88%(P<0.01)。疫苗组中,AB型和A型血HBsAg阳性率分别为2.69%和2.30%,高于O型血的1.34%(P<0.05);与O型血比较,AB型血HBsAg阳性风险增加了1.01倍(P<0.05),A型血HBsAg阳性风险增加了72%(P<0.05)。结论 江苏启东地区乙肝疫苗接种人群发生HBV感染与ABO血型有关,AB型和A型血人群发生HBV感染的风险高于O型血。     

颈交感神经阻滞对放烧复合伤小鼠的治疗作用

目的探讨颈交感神经阻滞对放烧复合伤小鼠的治疗作用,明确颈交感神经阻滞可否成为严重创伤后续损害简单有效的治疗手段.方法 TBSA 15%Ⅲ度烧伤合并5 Gy放射损伤小鼠分为SB治疗组(颈部注射利多卡因)及对照组(未给予SB治疗),观察两组动物2、5、7、10、15、20、30 d死亡率及7、14、21 d外周血RBC、WBC、BLT计数的变化,另外还观察SB治疗对放烧复合伤后3、6、14 d血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的影响.结果 SB治疗使放烧复合伤后5、7、10、15、20、30 d的死亡率显著降低;使伤后7、14、21 d血白细胞、红细胞及血小板数显著增加;使伤后3、6、14 d的血清炎性细胞因子TNF-α,IL-1β、IL-6水平显著下降.结论 SB显著降低放烧复合伤动物的死亡率,可以成为严重创伤简单有效的治疗手段;SB降低放烧复合伤动物死亡率可能是通过促进造血功能的恢复、抑制过度的炎性反应而实现的.     

少突胶质前体细胞在青老年大鼠慢性脑灌注不足中的活化改变

目的观察少突胶质前体细胞(oligodendrocyte progenitor cells,OPC)在大鼠慢性脑缺血损害中反应性变化及老化对此过程的影响。方法分别在青年(3个月龄)与老年(24个月龄)大鼠慢性灌注不足模型中,运用免疫组化方法检测NG2抗体标记的阳性OPC在灌注不足2周、1个月和3个月后形态数量及分布等改变。结果慢性灌注不足大鼠脑内存在NG2标记的免疫组化染色的阳性OPC明显反应性增生,与非缺血青老年对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),在皮质、皮质下、海马、胼胝体及室下区等处均有分布,以皮质下接近白质区域以及海马齿状回最为显著,2周、1个月最为明显,但于灌注不足后青年大鼠脑内NG2标记的免疫组化染色的阳性OPC染色强度和数量仍高于老年组(P<0.05)。结论慢性灌注不足过程中脑内OPC具有明显增殖活化,其反应性受月龄因素影响,并可能为慢性脑缺血损伤后的一种代偿适应或修复机制。     

高危新生儿接种酵母重组乙肝疫苗12年效果

[目的]评价接种酵母重组乙肝疫苗(基因疫苗)的免疫效果与免疫持久性，为基因疫苗的推广应用及高危新生儿乙 型肝炎的预防提供依据。[方法]1985年～1986年HBsAg(+)产妇93例及所生的新生儿94例，按0、1、6免疫程序接种美国 Merck基因疫苗(5μg/剂)；分别于免疫接种后6个月、12个月及12周岁后采血用放射免疫法(RIA)作HBsAg及抗-HBs检测。[结 果]新生儿接种基因疫苗12年后，母亲HBsAg阳性但HBeAg阴性者(单阳性)的HBsAg阳性率为4.17％，显著低于母亲HBsAg及 HBeAg均阳性者(双阳性)的23.40％(P<0.05)。两组对象12周岁时的免疫保护率分别为91.66％与74.00％。联合使用乙肝免 疫球蛋白(HBIG)并未显示出能提高基因疫苗接种者的HBsAg阻断率及抗-HBs血清阳转率(P>0.05)。[结论]Merck基因疫苗的 短期和远期免疫效果可以肯定，其对于乙肝高危产妇所生儿童的有效保护率至少可以持续12年。联合使用HBIG并不增加基因 疫苗的长期免疫效果。基因疫苗可以取代乙肝血源疫苗，并将在乙肝免疫预防中发挥重要的作用。     

很宠很宠的老婆说：她有外遇了

蓝色倾情问我：什么是爱？怎么知道对方还爱不爱你？到底有多爱？ 老实说，我每次都回答不了关于爱的问题。这是个太过抽象的名词，每个人心里对“爱”，都有不同的解释。     

乙肝疫苗母-婴阻断失败者病毒全基因变异分析

Objective To determine the factors responsible for failed postnatal immunoprophylaxis for hepatitis B virus(HBV) in Qidong, China. Methods Eleven children who developed into chronic HBV infection after receiving HBIG and HBV recombinant vaccines were recruited into the study. Eleven paired mothers with chronic hepatitis and other 6 mothers whose children successfully generated anti-HBs after im-munoprophylaxis were included as the control in the study. Full-length HBV DNA was amplified through ser-um sample by PCR method and underwent cloning and sequencing. HBV DNA level was quantified by real-time PCR. Results The mean levels of HBV DNA in mothers who had HBV DNA positive children and healthy children were ( 1.2 ×107± 3.1 × 106 ) copies/ml and ( 1.6× 107±8.8×106 ) copies/ml, respec-tively. There was no significant difference between the groups (P >0.05). Meanwhile, viral load in chil-dren was unrelated to that in their mothers (r2 =0.2429). In 11 HBV DNA positive children, 4(36.4% ) demonstrated amino acid substitutions in HBsAg "a" determinant region with 6 different types, I.e. T125A, I126T, Q129H, M133V, D144V and G145A. All of the mothers showed the wild-type sequence in "a" epitope, indicating surface escape mutants were not acquired from the initial infection, but developed under the immune pressure. The mutation rates after immunoprophylaxis for preS1, preS2, S, X, preC/C and P genes were 0.38%, 0. 22%, 0.27%, 0.17%, 0.11%, and 0.11%, respectively, nt2999-3157 in preS1, nt529-677 in S, nt1955-2016 in C, nt923-1001 and nt2489-2602 in P genes were among the hottest muta-tional spots throughout the HBV genome. Conclusion HBV mutation may occur in all the open readingframes after passive and active immunoprophylaxis. In addition to S gene, HBV preS and P genes could alsoassociate with the escape mutants.     

饮服人员肝炎恢复期HBV血清学标志测定

对193例肝炎恢复期饮服人员血清测定HBV标志,阳性率为68.39％(132/193)。血清HBV标志组合模式有14种,血清具有感染性的HBsAg、HBeAg及/或抗-HBc阳性109例,占全部受检人群的56.48％。指出饮服人员肝炎恢复期能否参加工作,必须进行血清HBsAg、HBeAg、抗-HBc测定后才能判定。     

乙肝疫苗母-婴阻断失败者病毒全基因变异分析

Objective To determine the factors responsible for failed postnatal immunoprophylaxis for hepatitis B virus(HBV) in Qidong, China. Methods Eleven children who developed into chronic HBV infection after receiving HBIG and HBV recombinant vaccines were recruited into the study. Eleven paired mothers with chronic hepatitis and other 6 mothers whose children successfully generated anti-HBs after im-munoprophylaxis were included as the control in the study. Full-length HBV DNA was amplified through ser-um sample by PCR method and underwent cloning and sequencing. HBV DNA level was quantified by real-time PCR. Results The mean levels of HBV DNA in mothers who had HBV DNA positive children and healthy children were ( 1.2 ×107± 3.1 × 106 ) copies/ml and ( 1.6× 107±8.8×106 ) copies/ml, respec-tively. There was no significant difference between the groups (P >0.05). Meanwhile, viral load in chil-dren was unrelated to that in their mothers (r2 =0.2429). In 11 HBV DNA positive children, 4(36.4% ) demonstrated amino acid substitutions in HBsAg "a" determinant region with 6 different types, I.e. T125A, I126T, Q129H, M133V, D144V and G145A. All of the mothers showed the wild-type sequence in "a" epitope, indicating surface escape mutants were not acquired from the initial infection, but developed under the immune pressure. The mutation rates after immunoprophylaxis for preS1, preS2, S, X, preC/C and P genes were 0.38%, 0. 22%, 0.27%, 0.17%, 0.11%, and 0.11%, respectively, nt2999-3157 in preS1, nt529-677 in S, nt1955-2016 in C, nt923-1001 and nt2489-2602 in P genes were among the hottest muta-tional spots throughout the HBV genome. Conclusion HBV mutation may occur in all the open readingframes after passive and active immunoprophylaxis. In addition to S gene, HBV preS and P genes could alsoassociate with the escape mutants.