Efficacy comparison of oral rosuvastatin versus oral progesterone and bevacizumab on regression of surgically endometriotic implants in rats

This study hypothesizes that oral rosuvastatin, oral dienogest and intraperitoneal bevacizumab might improve endometriosis in randomly selected female Wistar albino rats with surgically endometriotic implants. Thirty female Wistar albino rats with surgically endometriotic implants were randomized into three treatment groups: oral rosuvastatin (20?mg kg/day; oral rosuvastatin group 1; n?=?10), oral progesterone (dienogest group 2; n?=?10) and intraperitoneal bevacizumab (2.5?mg/kg of single intraperitoneal injection of bevacizumab; bevacizumab group 3; n?=?10), for 10 days. Post-treatment variables were compared. The oral rosuvastatin group showed higher reduction for the glandular epithelium and uterine vessels of histopathological scores values than the oral progesterone group (both, p?p?>?0.017). Endometrial thickness values and uterine volume values were more significantly reduced in the oral rosuvastatin group than the oral progesterone group (both, p?p?>?0.017). In conclusion, oral rosuvastatin and intraperitoneal injection of bevacizumab may cause more significant regression of surgically endometriotic implants in rats than oral progesterone medications.     

Effect of statins on blood pressure: Analysis on adverse events released by FDA

Objective: As a class of cholesterol-lowering drugs, statins have been reported to cause unexpected decrease in blood pressure (BP). However, most studies in this issue were subject to inadequate study design or very small sample size. The present study was designed to examine the BP-lowering effect of various statins. Methods: Here we retrieved 5.9 million clinical reports submitted to FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from 2004 to 2015. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate the overall reporting odds ratio (ROR) of hypotension adverse events concurrent with various statins (i.e., atorvastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvastatin). Results: Comparing the reporting rate of hypotension event between statins and other drugs found that atorvastatin (pooled ROR = 1.26, adjusted p-value = 8.60 × 10^?4) and simvastatin (pooled ROR = 1.94, adjusted p-value = 4.16 × 10^?45) were significantly associated with reduction in BP. On the other hand, the association between rosuvastatin and hypotension was observed to be nonsignificant (adjusted p-value = 0.65). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first pooled analysis on large-scale data of adverse events to identify the BP-lowering effect of statins. The results will contribute to the development of novel statin-based antihypertensive therapies. In addition, the differential effects of individual statins can warrant subsequent research on the underlying mechanisms of BP control.     

瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗高脂血症的临床研究

目的观察瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗高脂血症的安全性和有效性。方法将入选的48例高脂血症患者经4周停用降血脂药物处理后,采用随机、双盲、阳性药物平行对照方法分为3组,瑞舒伐他汀钙低剂量组（A1组）15例服用瑞舒伐他汀钙5mg／d;瑞舒伐他汀钙高剂量组（A2组）16例服用瑞舒伐他汀钙10mg／d;阿托伐他汀钙组（B组）15例服用阿托伐他汀钙10mg／d,服药时间为8周。分别于治疗前、治疗4周及8周末检测血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDI,-c）、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDI,-C）变化,并记录血常规尿常规、心电图、血生化检测结果及不良反应发生情况。结果治疗前,3组年龄、性别、体重、收缩压、舒张压、心率以及血脂水平比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;与治疗前相比,治疗4周和8周末,3组LDI,-C与TC均下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。8周末,B组LDI,-C的降低值小于A1组和A2组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,且A1组和A2组降低值差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。血脂达标率中,B组低于A1组和A2组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论临床使用瑞舒伐他汀钙每日5mg～10mg治疗高胆固醇血症,能有效降低LDL-C水平,效果确切、安全。     

Rosuvastatin calcium in acute coronary syndromes

Introduction: The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease continues to increase with the aging population and the obesity epidemic. Therapeutic failures can have significant detrimental effects in patients. Recently, dexlansoprazole MR and esomeprazole strontium were introduced to the class of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Areas covered: This article will review the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of dexlansoprazole MR and esomeprazole strontium. Using the keywords ‘dexlansoprazole MR’ and ‘esomeprazole strontium’ in the search engines of PubMed, Cochrane Reviews and Google, we were able to identify peer-reviewed publications, abstracts and presentations at national society educations meetings and present a balanced view of the available data.

Expert opinion: Dexlansoprazole MR and esomeprazole strontium offer an innovative delivery mechanism compared to conventional PPIs. Further trials are necessary in order to establish superiority.     

Rosuvastatin reduces intima-media thickness in hypercholesterolemic subjects with asymptomatic carotid artery disease: the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease in Manfredonia (ACADIM) Study

Background: An increase in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) represents an early phase of the atherosclerotic process. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a reduction in CIMT could be seen with only 16 weeks of treatment with rosuvastatin (10 mg/day). Methods/results: Sixty-six participants of the ACADIM Study with hypercholesterolemia and carotid atherosclerosis at baseline carotid ultrasound investigation (CUI) were examined, with repeat CUI after 16 weeks of treatment. Demographic and lifestyle data were collected, as well as physical examination and fasting venous blood samples. Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides decreased significantly (p < 0.0001), while high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased significantly (p < 0.0001) during the intervention. The mean decrease in IMT of the right and left common carotid arteries (CCAs) was 0.35 and 0.38 mm, respectively (p < 0.05 for each). Age and lipid profile parameters were significant predictors of change in CIMT in linear regression analyses after adjustment for established atherosclerosis risk factors. Conclusions: Treatment with rosuvastatin in adults with evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis significantly reduced the CIMT of both CCAs, as well as improving lipid and lipoprotein levels.     

不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀早期干预对急性冠脉综合症患者血脂及hs-CRP的影响

目的探讨不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀早期干预治疗对急性冠脉综合症(ACS)患者血脂及血清高敏C反应蛋白的影响。方法 100例ACS患者随机分为大剂量瑞舒伐他汀(1日40mg)治疗组(50例)和常规剂量瑞舒伐他汀(1日20mg)治疗组(50例),分别在入院24h内及服药后3d、7d测定患者血脂、高敏C反应蛋白,比较两组患者血脂、高敏C反应蛋白的变化。结果治疗7d后1日20mg及1日40mg瑞舒伐他汀治疗组总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白水平较治疗前有降低(P<0.05),而且1日40mg瑞舒伐他汀治疗组高敏C反应蛋白水平显著降低,与1日20mg瑞舒伐他汀治疗组比较有显著差异(P<0.01),而治疗前后两组总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论早期大剂量瑞舒伐他汀应用更能降低ACS患者的高敏C反应蛋白水平,且瑞舒伐他汀的抗炎治疗独立于降脂之外。     

瑞舒伐他汀对高血压合并高脂血症患者血压的影响

目的 观察瑞舒伐他汀对高血压合并高脂血症患者血压的影响.方法 选择首次诊断为高血压合并高脂血症的患者120例.随机分为治疗组(58例)和对照组(62例),对照组给予常规降压药物治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用瑞舒伐他汀10mg/d口服.测定治疗前后动态血压水平,血中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血浆内皮素水平.结果 治疗1月后,两组血压均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),治疗组血压下降更明显(P<0.05);治疗组血中LDL-C和hs-CRP、内皮素水平较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),与对照组比较差异也有显著性(P<0.05).结论 应用瑞舒伐他汀可降低高血压患者血中LDL-C和hs-CRP、内皮素水平,进一步降低血压.     

瑞舒伐他汀钙通过下调血管内皮生长因子的表达抑制斑马鱼血管发育

目的:通过研究瑞舒伐他汀钙对斑马鱼血管发育的影响,探讨瑞舒伐他汀钙抑制血管的作用机制。方法:将瑞舒伐他汀钙处理的斑马鱼胚胎作为实验组,以0.5%二甲亚砜处理的胚胎作为对照组。从受精卵形成后0.5h开始刺激,受精后24h观察药物对斑马鱼血管发育的影响。使用荧光显微镜观察新生血管状态,记录血管缺失数目,分别从受精后0、6、12和24h药物处理后的斑马鱼胚胎中提取总的RNAs,采用实时定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测血管内皮生长因子A(vascular endothelial growth factor A,VEGF-A)的表达变化。结果:瑞舒伐他汀钙可明显抑制斑马鱼血管发育,且在0.01～0.08nmol/L浓度范围内抑制作用与药物浓度成正比。实验组较对照组VEGF-A表达量降低,在药物作用的24h具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:瑞舒伐他汀钙可通过减少VEGF-A的表达抑制斑马鱼血管发育。     

瑞舒伐他汀联合芪蛭通络胶囊治疗血脂水平正常急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的:探讨瑞舒伐他汀联合芪蛭通络胶囊对血脂水平正常急性脑梗死患者超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的影响以及其临床疗效.方法:选取98例患者,随机分成对照组(49例)、治疗组(49例).对照组:瑞舒伐他汀钙片10 mg·d-1口服;治疗组:加用芪蛭通络胶囊2.0g,口服,2次/d.两组疗程均为14 d,基础治疗相同.结果:治疗后第8,15天的hs-CRP水平,均为治疗组比对照组明显降低(P＜0.05);治疗后第8,15天的神经功能缺损评分,均为治疗组比对照组明显降低(P＜0.01);治疗后第15天总有效率,治疗组比对照组明显增高(P＜0.05).结论:瑞舒伐他汀联合芪蛭通络胶囊对血脂水平正常急性脑梗死能促进神经功能恢复,疗效确切,优于瑞舒伐他汀单一用药.     

不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征患者血清sOX40L、MMP-9的影响

目的　探讨不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者血清可溶性OX40配体（sOX40L）、基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP-9）的影响。方法　选择ACS患者60例,空白对照组20例。随机将ACS患者分为20 mg瑞舒伐他汀治疗组（20mg组）30例和10 mg瑞舒伐他汀治疗组（10mg组）30例,比较治疗前后各组间血清sOX40L、MMP-9的水平变化。结果　瑞舒伐他汀治疗2周后,两治疗组患者血清sOX40L、MMP-9水平均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。其中20mg组较10mg组降低更为明显,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论　ACS患者早期使用较大剂量瑞舒伐他汀可明显减少冠状动脉粥样斑块基质成分的降解和炎症反应,从而起到稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块,改善ACS患者的预后的作用。