长鞘联合大球囊阻断技术在破裂腹主动脉瘤腔内治疗应用

目的 评价长鞘联合大球囊阻断技术在破裂腹主动脉瘤腔内治疗的效果及其治疗经验.方法 回顾性分析新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院血管外科2009年2月-2014年6月共11例破裂腹主动脉瘤患者的临床资料.其中男性9例,女性2例;年龄69 ～ 88岁,平均76岁.动脉粥样硬化性腹主动脉瘤7例,腹主动脉假性动脉瘤2例,感染性腹主动脉瘤2例.11例术前均完成CT动脉造影检查,急诊行腔内修复术,术中使用长鞘联合大球囊阻断技术.结果 术中无患者死亡.术后1例患者出现造影剂肾病;1例出现腹腔间隔室综合征,均在1周后死亡.随访期间,1例出现Ⅰ型内漏,再次行腔内治疗;1例假性动脉瘤复发再次破裂,放弃治疗.结论 长鞘联合大球囊阻断技术在破裂腹主动脉瘤腔内治疗是安全有效的治疗方式.     

腹主动脉瘤与CD40的关系

目的 探讨腹主动脉瘤(AAA)发病与患者血清CD40及其配体(CD40L)浓度的相关性.方法 对30例诊断明确的腹主动脉瘤患者(病例组)与26例健康人群(正常组)进行对照研究,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)双抗体夹心法测定标本中CD40和CD40L水平,应用统计学独立样本t检验分析CD40/CD40L与腹主动脉瘤的关系.结果 病例组血清CD40浓度为(96.20±26.26) ng/L,高于正常组的(76.22±6.39) ng/L,两者差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).病例组血清CD40L浓度为(746.20±215.46) ng/L,明显高于正常组的(503.07±75.32) ng/L,两者差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 AAA患者血清CD40和CD40L浓度明显高于健康人群,提示CD40/CD40L可能参与了AAA的发病.     

椎基底动脉分支远端动脉瘤的治疗方法探讨

目的：探讨椎基底动脉分支远端动脉瘤的治疗方法与策略。方法33例患者经全脑血管造影术证实为椎基底动脉分支大脑后动脉、小脑上动脉、小脑前下动脉与小脑后下动脉之远端动脉瘤,分别为8例、6例、9例、10例。其中血管内栓塞治疗29例,直接行开颅动脉瘤夹闭术2例,数字减影血管造影（DSA）与磁共振成像（MRI）三维影像融合数据输入神经导航,在神经导航指引下行开颅动脉瘤灼闭手术1例,1例因血管内栓塞治疗失败未进行手术治疗。结果所有病例无手术相关死亡,2例患者行弹簧圈栓塞术,术后1 d 患者再出血死亡,1例栓塞未成功又未行手术患者病情好转出院,余30例患者未发生术后再出血。结论椎基底动脉分支远端动脉瘤多数手术治疗难度大,应首选血管内栓塞治疗。     

Evaluation of the Optimal Visceral Branch Configuration in Open Thoracoabdominal Aortic Repair by Computed Tomography

Background: In thoracoabdominal aneurysm (TAAA) repair, our technical modification of visceral reconstruction using longer cut pre-sewn side branches has provided good surgical outcomes. Here, we assessed the long-term durability and patency of revascularized branches using computed tomography (CT) to confirm the validity of our approach.Methods: Early and late CT evaluations were performed in 11 TAAA patients (males: 5; mean age: 60.6 years) using the Coselli graft to evaluate the position of main graft and the diverging pattern and patency of side branches. Seven of 11 were sutured in an extra-anatomical fashion using longer cut side branches.Results: In Anatomical (n = 4) and Extra-anatomical (n = 7) groups, the early patency of side branches was not significantly different. Although the late patency of right renal artery (RA) was 100% in both groups, the one of left RA was 60% in Extra-anatomical, while 100% in Anatomical. Furthermore, the main graft in Extra-anatomical was significantly posterior and leftward to the spine with left RA side branch diverging at an acute angle.Conclusions: When a pre-sewn branched graft designed for TAAA is used, the graft should be sutured in a fashion similar to normal patient anatomy to minimize the possibility of kinking of RA side branch for the patency.     

国内应用载瘤动脉内血流导向装置治疗颅内动脉瘤最新进展

颅内动脉瘤破裂是引起蛛网膜下腔出血的主要原因,其破裂后致死致残率极高;血管内介入治疗因创伤小,恢复快等优势发展迅速并被临床广泛应用,已成为颅内动脉瘤的首选治疗方式。但传统的血管内治疗手段已不能提高复杂动脉瘤的治疗效果,伴随技术和材料进步,血流导向装置出现,使得此类疾病的治疗进入载瘤动脉重建时代。近几年来血流导向装置发展迅速,其疗效得到证实,适应证不断扩展,装置得到完善并更迭换代,新品种逐一上市,围手术期并发症研究也趋于完善,抗血小板聚集药物的归纳研究则为病人提供了安全保障,尽管部分超适应证治疗仍存在争议,但为病人及术者提供了更多的手术方案选择。以下将对国内应用载瘤动脉内血流导向装置治疗颅内动脉瘤最新进展作一综述。     

The relation between metabolic syndrome and aspects of abdominal aortic aneurysm

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities strongly associated with risks of cardiovascular diseases. However, a relationship between MetS and aneurysmal disease as compared with occlusive disease has not been confirmed. Therefore, correlations of MetS and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) were evaluated.MethodsBetween March 2011 and February 2020, 354 patients diagnosed with AAA were enrolled and divided into the MetS (n = 164) and the no-MetS (n = 190) groups. Individual components of MetS, characteristics of AAA, rupture rate, and survival rate were evaluated for both groups. Additionally, correlations between MetS and AAA were evaluated with focusing on effects of diabetes mellitus (DM).ResultsThe size of AAA was significantly larger in the MetS group compared with the no-MetS group (P < 0.05). The rupture rate was significantly higher in the MetS group compared with the no-MetS group (P < 0.05) and the survival rate was significantly higher in the no-MetS group (P < 0.05). In terms of DM, the size of AAA was significantly larger in the no-DM group compared with the DM group (P < 0.05). MetS was significantly more prevalent in the DM group compared with the no-DM group (P < 0.05). Finally, the rupture and survival rates were not statistically different between the DM and the no-DM groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsAlthough larger prospective studies are necessary, we suggest that MetS proportionally aggravates the status of AAA and survival rate. Therefore, surveillance for MetS and individual components may help to restrict the expansion of AAA.     

Outcomes of abdominal aortic aneurysm repairs: Endovascular vs open surgical repairs

BackgroundOperative mortality after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has been reported as lower than open surgical repair (OSR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in randomized controlled trials. However, many cohort studies have demonstrated similar mortality rates for both procedures. We compared operative mortality between EVAR and OSR, at our institution.MethodsAll AAA operations from 2012 to 2017 were reviewed, and baseline characteristics were collected. Outcomes included 30-day mortality, operative data, complications, length of hospital stay (LOS), costs, re-intervention, and survival rates were compared. A multivariable analysis with unbalanced characteristics was performed.ResultsWe had a total of 162 patients, 100 having OSR and 62 for EVAR. The EVAR group was older, with higher ASA classification. Thirty-day mortality rate did not significantly differ (0/100 for OSR and 2/62 (3%) for EVAR; p = 0.145), while the EVAR group had less blood loss, shorter operative times, and LOS, but higher re-intervention rates (adjusted hazard ratio 6.4 (95%CI: 1.4, 26.8)). Survival rates did not significantly differ between the groups. EVAR cost approximately 1-million yen more.ConclusionsOSR had low 30-day mortality rate in selected low-risk patients whereas EVAR had less blood loss, shorter operative times, LOS and could be done in high-risk patients with low 30-day mortality but with higher re-intervention rate.     

血清MMP-11、TGF-β1水平在胸主动脉瘤患者中的检测意义

目的 探究血清基质金属蛋白酶11（MMP-11）、转化生长因子-β（TGF-β1）水平在胸主动脉瘤患者中的检测意义。方法 选取我院2020年7月~2020年12月收治的30例胸主动脉瘤患者为研究对象,将其纳入研究组;再以30例健康体检志愿者为对照,将其纳入对照组。对比两组受试者初检时血清MMP-11、TGF-β1表达水平差异,经Pearson相关系数分析胸主动脉瘤患者血清MMP-11与血清TGF-β1水平的相关性;根据病理类型,将研究组患者分为真性动脉瘤组和主动脉夹层动脉瘤组两个亚组,比较其血清MMP-11、TGF-β1水平的差异。结果 研究组血清MMP-11、TGF-β1水平明显高于对照组（P<0.05）;胸主动脉瘤患者血清MMP-11与血清TGF-β1水平呈正相关性（P<0.05）;真性动脉瘤组患者血清MMP-11、TGF-β1水平明显高于主动脉夹层动脉瘤组（P<0.05）。结论 胸主动脉瘤患者中血清MMP-11表达与TGF-β1调控关系密切,了解MMP-11、TGF-β1表达水平有利于临床防治胸主动脉瘤。