多种油脂肪乳剂对超未成熟儿肝功能影响

目的: 探讨多种油脂肪乳剂对超未成熟儿肝脏功能的影响。方法: 回顾分析2015年7月1日至2021年6月30日收治的胎龄＜28周、接受肠外静脉营养超过2周的超未成熟儿60例。根据应用脂肪乳剂种类不同,分为SMOF (多种油脂肪乳)组(n=30),和LCT (长链脂肪乳)组(n=30)。比较2组DBIL、ALT、γ-GT、TBA达峰值的指标及胃肠外营养相关性胆汁淤积(PNAC)发病率。结果: LCT组DBIL、ALT、γ-GT、TBA峰值均数分别为25.7(6.5~223)μmol·L^-1、(52.5±44.7) U·L^-1、(204.9±74.7) U·L^-1、(64.9±48.6)μmol·L^-1,SMOF组DBIL、ALT、γ-GT、TBA峰值均数分别为15.1(5.2~167.7)μmol·L^-1、(32.5±18.8) U·L^-1、(176.9±74.7) U·L^-1、(53.3±35.8)μmol·L^-1,其中2组DBIL、ALT峰值比较,P分别为0.026及0.034,差异均有统计学意义。2组γ-GT、TBA峰值比较差异无统计学意义。LCT组PNAC发生率为40%,SMOF组PNAC发生率为16.7%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.042)。结论: 与LCT比较,SMOF能减轻超未成熟儿DBIL、GOT、γ-GT、TBA的严重程度,并降低PNAC的发生率,对肝脏有一定的保护作用。     

中国蒙古族的身体密度

目的 探讨蒙古族13个族群的身体密度,揭示蒙古族身体密度性别间、族群间差异,探讨身体密度与经度、纬度、年平均温度、年龄的相关性。 方法 测量肱三头肌皮褶、肩胛下皮褶厚度。按照日本长岭晋吉公式计算蒙古族13个族群的身体密度。 结果 蒙古族13个族群中,云南蒙古族身体密度值最大,额济纳土尔扈特部身体密度值最小。蒙古族身体密度族群间、性别间、年龄组间、4个地区间的差异均具有统计学意义。蒙古族男性女性身体密度均与经度、年龄成显著负相关。 结论 南方蒙古族身体密度值大于北方蒙古族,西部蒙古族身体密度大于东部蒙古族。     

Usefulness of fat-suppression magnetic resonance imaging for oral and maxillofacial lesions

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the oral and maxillofacial region, where large amounts of fat are normally present, the high signal intensity of fat on T1-weighted images (T1WI) and the chemical-shift artifact have limited the utility of paramagnetic contrast agents. Eliminating fat signal by fat-suppression techniques can increase the value of contrast-enhanced MRI. The present study was designed to evaluate the utility and role of chemical-shift imaging for fat suppression in the detection of oral and maxillofacial lesions in 22 patients (17 with malignant tumors, two with benign tumors, and three with inflammation). The depiction of lesions on the postcontrast fat-suppression T1WI was compared with that of conventional pre-and postcontrast T1 and T2WI on a four-grade scale (grades 0–3). The postcontrast fat-suppression T1WI (average grade, 2.86) were significantly superior to the precontrast T1WI (0.82) and postcontrast T1WI (1.86) and T2WI (1.68). Postcontrast fat-suppression T1WI were particularly beneficial in the detection of central necrosis or extracapsular invasion of metastatic neck lymph nodes as well as in defining the lesion extent at fat-containing areas such as the bone marrow or cheek. These findings demonstrated that the fat-suppression technique is extremely useful in the delineation of oral and maxillofacial lesions without increase of the scan time or image postprocessing procedures.