心脏黏液瘤合并脑栓塞的临床特点(附3例报告)

目的 探讨心脏黏液瘤合并脑栓塞的临床特点.方法 回顾性分析3例心脏黏液瘤合并脑栓塞患者的临床资料.结果 本组2例为年轻患者.1例为老年患者;均为急性起病,临床表现为局灶性神经功能缺损;头颅影像学显示脑缺血性或出血性改变,或颅内多发性动脉瘤.超声心动图检查及手术标本病理检查均诊断为心房黏液瘤.结论 心脏黏液瘤合并脑栓塞的临床特点是由脱落的瘤栓阻塞脑血管导致多发性脑卒中样改变.     

超声误诊静脉内平滑肌瘤病1例

正患者女,46岁,因反复胸闷气促入院。5年前曾有子宫多发肌瘤病史。超声心动图检查:右房增大,内见一大小约4.3 cm×5.1 cm稍强回声占位,呈类圆形(图1),随心脏舒缩而运动,CDFI于瘤体两侧探及舒张期三尖瓣口五彩镶嵌的射流束(图2)。下腔静脉宽约2.5 cm,内见条状低回声占位,其长度约18.2 cm(图3),CDFI探及下腔静脉内细条状血流信号。超声提示:(1)血     

心房粘液瘤对心房除极的影响

为探讨心房粘液瘤对心房激动过程的影响,对19例左心房粘液瘤和2例右心房粘液瘤的VCG高倍P环(1mV=360mm)进行测量,结果显示不同部位粘液瘤对心房激动的影响不同,VCGP环亦不同.左心房粘液瘤P环时限延长,除左心房肥大外,较容易判断出双侧心有肥大、房内传导阻滞.右心房粘液瘤P环时限正常,仅表现右心房肥大.VCG上放大的P环能比ECG上P波更敏感地反映出心房异常活动的电变化.     

The transesophageal echocardiographic diagnosis of left atrial myxoma simulating a left atrial thrombus in the setting of mitral stenosis

We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic heart disease. The clinical, electrocardiographic, and radiologic findings suggested mitral stenosis. Left atrial obstructive myxoma simulating a thrombus was found by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). The diagnosis was established by use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), confirmed after surgery and by anatomical investigation. Cardiac myxoma associated with mitral stenosis may be difficult to diagnose accurately using TTE. The advantage of TEE in this case and in patients with mitral stenosis is emphasized.     

Left atrial myxoma associated with rheumatic mitral stenosis

The rare occurrence of mitral stenosis and coexistent left atrial myxoma is reported. The patient had a 25-year history of rheumatic heart disease and was referred for evaluation of progressive mitral stenosis without clinical suspicion of left atrial myxoma. The tumor was discovered by routine echocardiography in the course of evaluation of mitral stenosis. However, prior to surgery the patient experienced an episode of embolization of the tumor without major clinical sequelae. The utility of echocardiography in this case and in patients with mitral stenosis is discussed as well as the patient's spontaneous "cure."     

Familial cardiac myxoma with multifocal recurrences: a case report and review of the literature

We report a case of myxoma with multiple recurrences in both the atrium and ventricle in a 26-year-old woman five years after the surgical removal of left atrial myxoma.Her 52-year-old mother had a similar medical history.To our knowledge,this was the first familial case who suffered multifocal cardiac myxoma recurrences without any sign of the myxoma complex.Based on our understanding of the mechanism of recurrence,the approaches to prevent the recurrence,and markers to predict recurrence,we propose that multifocal recurrences,as reported herein,may result from a combination of familial predisposition and multifocal onset.The bi-atrial surgical approach and transesophageal echocardiography are preferred for patients with recurrent cardiac myxomas,especially for those with multiple recurrences and familial myxoma.Immunological and genetic screenings may help to identify family members at risk for developing this disease.     

Familial recurring cardiac myxoma

A 34-year-old woman presented with her fourth occurrence of an atrial myxoma and a right lower lung field mass. Her surgical history was extensive. In addition to resection of three previous atrial myxomas, she had undergone resection of her adrenal glands as a teenager because of Cushing's syndrome, and a hysterectomy at age 26 revealed a myxoid leiomyoma. Family history was remarkable as a maternal uncle and daughter died from embolic complications of left atrial myxomas and her sister previously had a left atrial myxoma resected. The patient underwent uncomplicated removal of the myxoma, and resection of the lung mass revealed a granuloma. A review of typical and atypical aspects of cardiac myxomas is provided including a rare and recently described syndrome of familial cardiac myxoma associated with Cushing's syndrome, spotty skin pigmentation and other myxoid tumors.     

Second recurrence of familial cardiac myxomas in atypical locations

Recurrence rates reported for cardiac myxomas are 4% to 7% for sporadic cases and 10% to 21% for familial cases. Although recurrence rates are high, second recurrences are rare. Familial cardiac myxomas in a mother and daughter are reported, both of whom had their second recurrences within six years. Both had recurrences in uncommon places, such as the left atrial posterior wall, between the left atrial appendage and the pulmonary vein, and the anterior mitral leaflet.     

Massive right atrial myxoma presenting with syncope

A 65-year-old man presented to the emergency room following an episode of syncope. His vital signs and physical examination were unremarkable. A chest X-ray and an ECG were also normal. He was admitted to the hospital for further work-up. A computed tomography scan of his brain did not reveal any evidence of stroke, hemorrhage, or mass effect. A transesophageal echocardiogram, however, revealed tricuspid regurgitation and a right atrial mass with finger-like projections, which appeared to originate from the tricuspid valve. Left heart catheterization was performed, showing a 99% proximal right coronary artery stenosis. The patient was scheduled to undergo atrial mass resection, tricuspid valve annuloplasty, and coronary bypass. During the procedure, a large myxoma was found to be adherent to the right side of the atrial septum, adjacent to the fossa ovalis. The mass was friable and was attached to the endocardium by a pedicle. Following resection of the atrial mass and tricuspid valve annuloplasty, a single saphenous vein graft bypass to the right coronary artery was performed. The patient's postoperative course was unremarkable and he was discharged home on postoperative day 6.