Therapeutic effect of regulating autophagy in spinal cord injury: a network meta-analysis of direct and indirect comparisons

Objective:An increasing number of studies indicate that autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury,and that regulating autophagy can enhance recovery from spinal cord injury.However,the effect of regulating autophagy and whether autophagy is detrimental or beneficial after spinal cord injury remain unclear.Therefore,in this study we evaluated the effects of autophagy regulation on spinal cord injury in rats by direct and indirect comparison,in an effort to provide a basis for further research.Data source:Relevant literature published from inception to February 1,2018 were included by searching Wanfang,CNKI,Web of Science,MEDLINE(OvidSP),PubMed and Google Scholar in English and Chinese.The keywords included"autophagy","spinal cord injury",and"rat".Data selection:The literature included in vivo experimental studies on autophagy regulation in the treatment of spinal cord injury(including intervention pre-and post-spinal cord injury).Meta-analyses were conducted at different time points to compare the therapeutic effects of promoting or inhibiting autophagy,and subgroup analyses were also conducted.Outcome measure:Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores.Results:Of the 622 studies,33 studies of median quality were included in the analyses.Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=1.80,95%CI:0.81-2.79,P=0.0004),3 days(MD=0.92,95%CI:0.72-1.13,P<0.00001),1 week(MD=2.39,95%CI:1.85-2.92,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=3.26,95%CI:2.40-4.13,P<0.00001),3 weeks(MD=3.13,95%CI:2.51-3.75,P<0.00001)and 4 weeks(MD=3.18,95%CI:2.43-3.92,P<0.00001)after spinal cord injury with upregulation of autophagy compared with the control group(drug solvent control,such as saline group).Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=6.48,95%CI:5.83-7.13,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=2.43,95%CI:0.79-4.07,P=0.004),3 weeks(MD=2.96,95%CI:0.09-5.84,P=0.04)and 4 weeks(MD=4.41,95%CI:1.08-7.75,P=0.01)after spinal cord injury with downregulation of autophagy compared with the control group.Indirect comparison of upregulation and downregulation of autophagy showed no differences in Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores at 1 day(MD=-4.68,95%CI:-5.840 to-3.496,P=0.94644),3 days(MD=-0.28,95%CI:-2.231-1.671,P=0.99448),1 week(MD=1.83,95%CI:0.0076-3.584,P=0.94588),2 weeks(MD=0.81,95%CI:-0.850-2.470,P=0.93055),3 weeks(MD=0.17,95%Cl:-2.771-3.111,P=0.99546)or 4 weeks(MD=-1.23,95%Cl:-4.647-2.187,P=0.98264)compared with the control group.Conclusion:Regulation of autophagy improves neurological function,whether it is upregulated or downregulated.There was no difference between upregulation and downregulation of autophagy in the treatment of spinal cord injury.The variability in results among the studies may be associated with differences in research methods,the lack of clearly defined autophagy characteristics after spinal cord injury,and the limited autophagy monitoring techniques.Thus,methods should be standardized,and the dynamic regulation of autophagy should be examined in future studies.     

供给侧结构性改革视域下地市级传染病医院发展战略

阐述地市级传染病医院的定位、职能以及发展面临的困境,分析地市级传染病医院存在的必要性和转型升级的迫切性。从供给侧结构性改革的角度提出对传染病医院发展战略的思考:强化专科建设,构建“平战结合”的服务格局;增强多学科支撑,提升综合救治的供给能力;争取政策支持,赢得转型升级的时间和空间;做好科普宣传,消除社会公众的认知偏差。同时,以苏州市第五人民医院“三转型三升级”的发展实践,提出地市级传染病发展战略要从供给侧结构性改革的视角,注重扩大和优化医疗服务供给,提升医院内涵和应对突发公共卫生事件处置的能力,推动医院转型升级,实现可持续发展。     

多院区综合医院应对新冠肺炎救治策略研究

大型多院区综合医院一般都具有较强的空间集中性、人口密集性和影响辐射性,在新发重大传染病暴发的情况下,大型多院区综合性医院必然成为新发重大传染病救治的前沿部门和关键环节,其救治策略直接对新发重大传染病的最后结果造成很大的影响。以泰州市某三甲多院区综合医院救治新冠肺炎为例,总结出多院区综合医院"集中患者、集中专家、集中资源和集中救治"的管理策略,供相关单位参考借鉴。     

电设备应用策略管理对层流手术室PM2.5及切口感染的影响

目的探讨电设备应用策略管理对层流手术室PM2.5及切口感染的影响。方法将200例患者按是否实施层流手术室电设备应用策略管理分为两组,每组100例。对照组采用层流手术室电设备常规管理,管理组在对照组基础上采用层流手术室电设备应用策略管理,统计两组术中手术室内人员数、手术时间、术中出血量、术后切口感染发生情况,检测患者切口及口鼻周围PM2.5浓度。结果两组术中手术室内人员数、手术时间、术中出血量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。管理组距离切口1 cm、5 cm、10 cm、20 cm和距离患者口鼻5 cm处PM2.5浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.01),切口感染率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。切口感染患者距离切口1 cm、5 cm、10 cm、20 cm和距离患者口鼻5 cm处PM2.5浓度显著高于无切口感染患者(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,层流手术室PM2.5浓度与切口感染率呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论电设备应用策略管理有助于降低层流手术室PM2.5浓度及切口感染发生率。     

基于五运六气理论对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎的几点思考

基于五运六气理论,尤其是三年化疫理论,对当前正在流行的新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎进行病因病机分析及分期诊疗指导。     

How to implement guidelines and models of care

In subjects older than 50 years, the presence of clinical risk factors (CRFs) for fractures or a recent fracture is the cornerstone for case finding. In patients who are clinically at high short- and long-term risk of fractures (those with a recent clinical fracture or with multiple CRFs), further assessment with bone mineral density (BMD) measurement using dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA), imaging of the spine, fall risk evaluation and laboratory examination contributes to treatment decisions according to the height and modifiability of fracture risk. Treatment is available with anti-resorptive and anabolic drugs, and from the start of treatment a lifelong strategy is needed to decide about continuous, intermittent, and sequential therapy. Implementation of guidelines requires further initiatives for improving case finding, public awareness about osteoporosis and national policies on reimbursement of assessment and therapy.